Transportation engineering&

Water resource engineering

Kaustubh J. SaneHJD Institute of Technical Education & Research, Kera

https://sites.google.com/a/gtu.edu.in/be_085_06_head/home

PART 4 & 5

WATERWAY ROADWAY RAILWAY

Assist and provide powerfulmean of defense in the emergency of national security

ECONOMICAL PROSPERITY ECONOMIC- employment topeople, increase land value,industrial development,stability in price due to easyand rapid transportPOLITICAL- easy control ofcentral administration,migrating people, mobilizingtroops, war equipments intime of war, unit in peopleSOCIAL- broadening socialoutlook of masses, easy accessto religious places, convenientmode of transportation,removal of feeling of isolation,

Cheapest mode of communication because rail and road transport require special track and surfaces.

IMPORTANT IN DEFENCE &MILITARY NEED, & LAW ANDORDER INSIDE THE COUNTRY

Possess high load carryingcapacity.

SERVE AS FEEDER FOR RAILWAY,AIRWAY, WATERWAY.

Requires cheap motive power for working.

CHEEPER AND CONVENIENT WAYOF TRANSPORT

Leads to overall development of commerce, industry and international trade.

FACILITATES COMMUNICATIONBETWEEN CITIES

Modes of transportation

Types of Road as per function

• Expressway,

• NH- national highway

• SH- state highway

• MDR- major district road

• ODR-ordinary district road

• VR-village road

Modern modes of transportation

BRTS METRO RAIL

Types of road as per material

Bituminous road

Concrete road

Traffic signs: -Regulatory signs

-Warning signs-Informatory sign

Regulatory signs

Warning signs

Informatory sign

Informatory sign

Water resource engineering

• Hydrological Cycle

Water shed development

Conservation of water

1.It is a resource that is a benefit to everyone.

2. To save money. Lower consumption means lowerwater bills.

3. To keep rates low. Maximizing current water supplieshelps defer the need to develop new, more expensivesources of water.

4. To prepare for a drought. Many areas of the countryhave experienced drought conditions in the past fewyears. Water conservation helps prepare for these worstof times.

5. To comply with regulations. Many states and localregulators have established efficient water useregulations.

Conservation of water

Rainwater harvestingCheck dams

Re

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Major dams & canals in India

1. Cheruthoni Dam:

• Built in: 1976

• Height: 454 ft

• Location: Idukki, Kerala

• Importance: Largest gravity dam in Kerala & third highest dam in India

2. Krishnarajasagar Dam:

• Built in: 1924

• Height: 125 feet

• Location: Mysore, Karnataka

• Importance: This dam reservoir is the main source of drinking water in Mysore and Bangalore city inhabitants.

3. Mettur Dam:• Built in: 1934• Height: 120 ft.• Location: Salem, Tamil Nadu• Importance: Provides irrigation

facilities to around 271,000 acres of farm land in Tamil Nadu.

4. Bisalpur Dam:• Built in: 1999• Height: 130 ft• Location: Tonk, Rajasthan• Importance: Main source of water

supply to nearby villages and towns•

• 5. Maithon Dam:

• Built in: 1953

• Height: 165 ft

• Location: Dhanbad, Jharkhand

• Importance: Designed for flood control

• Upper Ganges Canal

• The Upper Ganges Canal is the maincanal of Ganges canal system projects,which starts Haridwar to Aligarhdistrict via Meerut and Bulandshahr.The 1412 Km long Upper Ganges Canalis use to irrigates the Doab region ofIndia.

• Indira Gandhi Canal

• The Indira Gandhi Canal is the longest canal in India and the largest irrigation project in the world. Indira Gandhi Canal is 649 km long and consists of Rajasthan feeder canal

• Sutlej Yamuna Link Canal

• The Sutlej Yamuna link canal also known as SYL is a major project to connect the Sutlej and Yamuna rivers. Sutlej Yamuna link canal is 214-km long freight canal which will create important commercial links to India.

• Sharda Canal

• The Sharda Canal is the longestcanal in Uttar Pradesh along withits several branches it form anetwork of canals.