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Sofía Tovar Figueroa
Listening and Speaking V
PLATES TECTONICS
220 years ago.
Over 220 million years ago the earth was formed by a unique structure
called "Pangea" , Pangea was the supercontinent that existed at the end
of the Paleozoic and Mesozoic that grouped most of the land surface of
the planet. It was formed by the movement of plates tectonic, some 300
million years ago joined all previous continents into one, then, about
200 million years ago, began to fracture and disintegrate up, it has been
fragmented to form the continents known in the XXI century.
WHAT ARE PLATES TECTONICS?
structure Igneous rock
the plates tectonics are structures that make up the earth.
A plate is a rigid block of solid rock that forms the Earth's
surface (lithosphere), this plate floats on molten igneous
rocks that are part of the Center of the Earth.
tectonic plates do not sink, as compared with metals that
form the core of the earth are relatively light. The plate
material is quartz and silicates primarily.
MATERIALS
silicate quartz
MOVEMENT
The plates are moved relative to each other driven movements of
the rock layers which are heated inside the planet. This movement
produced fractures that resulted in the formation of the continents.
Plates move on average, between 2 and 3 inches in a year, this may
sound slow. But over millions of years, these small plate movements
change the face of the earth.
HOW FAST DO PLATES MOVE?
2 and 3 inches
WHAT HAPPENS WHEN PLATES COLLIDE?
Products of the movement of the plates are earthquakes and
tsunamis. These phenomena occur when plates collide violently,
releasing large amounts of energy and produce strong movements
in the earth's surface or in the sea. As a result of internal movement
of the earth plates collide. This impact causes that the lithosphere
create a mountain range.
Collision has raised the terrain of Mount Everest
THE MOVEMENTS OF THE PLATES CREATE THREE TYPES OF BOUNDARIES
Divergent boundary- when plates are moving apart and new crust is
created by liquid rock pushing up from the mantle
Convergent boundaries -When the plates are moving relative to
each other and sometimes when one plate sinks or is adapted under
another
Transform boundary -When plates are moving pass each other and
cause friction.
The Knowledge of the displacements, scratches, shocks and
separations of the plates have been used to explain many
geological phenomena such as (earthquakes, volcanism, mountain
building and continental drift)
The major plates are: Pacific, the Americas, Eurasia,
India, Africa and Antarctica.
Small plates are :Nasca, Cocos, Philippines, Caribbean,
Arabia, Somalia and Juan de Fuca
Colombia is located in The South American Plate
The Nazca plate and the Caribbean plate