POLISH LANGUAGE

COMES FROM

INDOEUROPEAN

LANGUAGE FAMILY

POLISH LANGUAGE BELONGS

TO SLOVENIAN GROUP OF

LANGUAGES

SLOVENIAN LANGUAGES WE CAN DIVIDE

INTO 3 GROUPS:

West slovenian – Polish, Czech, Slovakian

East slovakian – Russian, Belarussian,

Ukrainian

South slovenian – Serbian, Croatian,

Macedonian, Bulgarian, Slovenian

POLISH ALPHABET CONSIST OF

23 LETTERS. IT IS LATIN

ALPHABET PLUS

Ą, Ę, Ć, Ł, Ń, Ó, Ś, Ż, Ź

FIRST WRITTEN WORDS IN POLISH IN 1136

FIRST WRITTEN SENTENCE IN POLISH IN 1270

„DAJ, AĆ JA POBRUSZĘ, A TY POCZYWAJ”

FIRST TEXTS IN POLISH

Bogurodzica – XIII w. Polish medival anthem whichwas singing before battles by Polish knights

kazania – Kazania świętokrzyskie XIV w; Kazania gnieźnieńskie XV

Translations of The Holly Bible – Psałterz floriański XIV w; Psałterz puławski XV w, Biblia królowej Zofii XV w.

Prayings and holly songs - Żale Matki Boskiej pod krzyżem; Ojcze nasz, Zdrowaś Mario, Wierzę, Dekalog XV w.

MODERN AGE

RENAISSANCE

Beginning of Polish poetry:

Mikołaj Rej

Jan Kochanowski

BAROQUE

Jan Chryzostom Pasek

Jan Andrzej Morsztyn

ENLIGHTENMENT

Jan Potocki

Ignacy Krasicki

In XIX century (1795 to 1918) Poland

did not exist on the map of Europe and

Polish language was forbidden.

Oficial languages were German and

Russian.

But Polish language and literature

survive.

POSITIVISM

Henryk Sienkiewicz: Quo vadis - Nobel Prize

(1905)

MODERNISM

Władysław Reymont: Chłopi – Nobel Prize

(1924)

AVANTGUARDISME

Witold Gombrowicz

Stanisław Ignacy Witkiewicz

RECENT TRENDS

Sławomir Mrożek – playwright

Wisława Szymborska – poet

(Nobel Prize in 1996)

Czesław Miłosz – poet (Nobel Prize in 1980)

Zbigniew Herbert – poet

Ryszard Kapuściński – reporter, fact

literature

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