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Bibliography in a Digital AgeBibliography in a Digital AgeReport of the Satellite MeetingReport of the Satellite MeetingWarsaw, 9th August 2012Warsaw, 9th August 2012

Neil WilsonNeil WilsonInformation CoordinatorInformation CoordinatorIFLA Bibliography SectionIFLA Bibliography Section

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National Bibliographies in the Digital Age:National Bibliographies in the Digital Age: Guidance & New Directions Guidance & New Directions (2009)(2009)

““The changes brought about The changes brought about by the World Wide Web & the by the World Wide Web & the explosion of electronic media explosion of electronic media have called into question have called into question many of the assumptions on many of the assumptions on which national bibliographies which national bibliographies have been founded…”have been founded…”

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National Bibliographies in the Digital Age National Bibliographies in the Digital Age 2010-2010-

““Considering that the Considering that the environment is evolving fast, environment is evolving fast, this document is expected to be this document is expected to be revised periodically … to reflect revised periodically … to reflect the changes the changes ““

Libraries now require a more Libraries now require a more flexible, open, & dynamic flexible, open, & dynamic solution than traditional solution than traditional printed textprinted text

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Warsaw MeetingWarsaw MeetingPurposePurpose

To share:To share:

• Experiences Experiences • TechniquesTechniques• ChallengesChallenges

… …& begin to identify new themes & best practice& begin to identify new themes & best practice

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Bibliography in the Digital AgeBibliography in the Digital Age Guidelines & ExamplesGuidelines & Examples

• Neil Wilson:Neil Wilson: Guidelines for the future: sharing best practice Guidelines for the future: sharing best practice for national bibliographies in the digital erafor national bibliographies in the digital era

• Aniko Dudás:Aniko Dudás: Who are the users and what are their Who are the users and what are their

expectations?expectations?

• Marcin Roszkowski:Marcin Roszkowski: Integration of Polish National Integration of Polish National Bibliography within repository platform for science and Bibliography within repository platform for science and humanitieshumanities

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National Bibliographies Around the National Bibliographies Around the World Handling Online Materials World Handling Online Materials

Practices, Challenges & PlansPractices, Challenges & Plans

• Karin Kleiber:Karin Kleiber: Online materials published in Austria - collecting, Online materials published in Austria - collecting, archiving and metadataarchiving and metadata

• Tuula Haapamäki and Sinikka Luukkanen:Tuula Haapamäki and Sinikka Luukkanen:  Cataloguing Policy in Cataloguing Policy in

the National Library of Finland - strategies and practices for the the National Library of Finland - strategies and practices for the metadata of digital resourcesmetadata of digital resources

• Pat Riva: Pat Riva: National Bibliography in Canada: Two national National Bibliography in Canada: Two national bibliographic agencies, two approachesbibliographic agencies, two approaches

• Anke Meyer:Anke Meyer: The management of a digital national bibliography The management of a digital national bibliography at the Deutsche Nationalbibliothekat the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek

• Hanne Hørl Hansen:Hanne Hørl Hansen: Online materials in The Danish National Online materials in The Danish National BibliographyBibliography

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For Those Who Couldn’t Be There…For Those Who Couldn’t Be There…

Presentations are now available fromPresentations are now available from::

www.bn.org.pl/ifla-2012/presentations-and-videoswww.bn.org.pl/ifla-2012/presentations-and-videos   

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OutcomesOutcomesEmerging ThemesEmerging Themes

• A need for pragmatic selection policiesA need for pragmatic selection policies

• Open services to wider user groupsOpen services to wider user groups

• Acquisition & application of new skillsAcquisition & application of new skills

• Linking & use of persistent identifiers Linking & use of persistent identifiers

• Definition of ‘published’ digital materialDefinition of ‘published’ digital material

• Targeted metadata transformation & crosswalksTargeted metadata transformation & crosswalks

• Requirement for multiple forms of metadataRequirement for multiple forms of metadata

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Evolving Data RequirementsEvolving Data Requirements

National National Bibliographic Bibliographic Agencies: Agencies:

Operate in a global Operate in a global marketmarket

Create & supply Create & supply metadata for a metadata for a wider range of wider range of resources than ever resources than ever beforebefore

Range of resources requiring description

Evolving Market Requirement  

Printed works + e-books, chapters, articles etc.

Multimedia (video, audio, software games etc.)

Additional content (contents, reviews, book jacket images etc.)

Dep

th o

f d

escr

ipti

on

Traditional Library Coverage

 

Core descriptive information Authors, titles, ISBN, subjects etc. Printed books, serials etc.

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Bibliographic MetadataBibliographic Metadata More Than Physical Description…More Than Physical Description…

• Metadata can record Metadata can record multiple properties:multiple properties:

Licensing terms & Licensing terms & conditionsconditions

Technical & Technical & preservation datapreservation data

Structural informationStructural information

• To support:To support:

Collection Collection managementmanagement

DiscoveryDiscovery

Access to contentAccess to content

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Pragmatism & SelectionPragmatism & Selection

No universal solution exists & national No universal solution exists & national variation exists between:variation exists between:

• Coverage of print, digital and multimediaCoverage of print, digital and multimedia

• Breadth & depth of descriptions appliedBreadth & depth of descriptions applied

• Definition & treatment of materialsDefinition & treatment of materials

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Pragmatism & SelectionPragmatism & Selection

But agreement that:But agreement that:

• We can’t be exhaustive but we can be representativeWe can’t be exhaustive but we can be representative

• Should balance effort in creation of quality description & Should balance effort in creation of quality description & access pointsaccess points

• ‘‘Minimal’ must still be accurateMinimal’ must still be accurate

• Must be selective in harvesting & enhancement Must be selective in harvesting & enhancement techniquestechniques

• Advance (e.g. CIP) data is still valuedAdvance (e.g. CIP) data is still valued

Changing EnvironmentChanging EnvironmentWho Are Our Users?Who Are Our Users?

LibraryLibrary u users were sers were once lone researchers once lone researchers but may now include:but may now include:

• Collaborative LearnersCollaborative Learners

• Developers Developers

• Machines Machines

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What Do They Need?What Do They Need?

New user types require greater flexibility in:New user types require greater flexibility in:

• Support skills (e.g. IT, legal, library)Support skills (e.g. IT, legal, library)

• Access options including connection to contentAccess options including connection to content

• Output formats & standardsOutput formats & standards

• Personalisation of data and servicesPersonalisation of data and services

But all value consistency, authority & But all value consistency, authority & persistence of services offered…persistence of services offered…

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Open…Open…

Ownership/Licensing

agreements

Legislation (e.g. Data

Protection Act)

Organisational Restrictions

Technical issues (e.g. non-standard

formats)

Policy on sharing with for profit

organisations etc

Organisational Restrictions

Ownership/Licensing

agreements

Legislation (e.g. Data Protection

Act)

Organisational Restrictions

Technical issues (e.g.

non-standard formats)

Policy on sharing with

for profit organisations

etc

Scope

Format?

Coverage?

Delivery options? (e.g. Web, FTP etc)

Level of user support?

Rights

To use for any purpose forever?

To adapt & improve?

To redistribute?

To release to the community?

FreeFreeOfferingOffering

‘‘Open’ Open’ is becoming the is becoming the norm via:norm via:

• Open licensing modelsOpen licensing models

• Open access routesOpen access routes

• Open standards Open standards

Charging Charging is a ‘MARC’ or is a ‘MARC’ or ‘premium service‘ issue‘premium service‘ issue

Increasing data re-use Increasing data re-use requires proactive licensingrequires proactive licensing

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Growth Areas 1Growth Areas 1

• Automated data Automated data creationcreation - - and and enhancementenhancement

• Web harvestingWeb harvesting – – selection/domain/event selection/domain/event

• Large scaleLarge scale processing processing of e-publicationsof e-publications – via – via new workflows new workflows

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Growth Areas 2Growth Areas 2

• Growth in the use of Growth in the use of ontologiesontologies and and controlled vocabulariescontrolled vocabularies

• Semantic approachesSemantic approaches – – from ‘tags to triples’ from ‘tags to triples’

• Development and Development and maintenancemaintenance of of persistent links & IDspersistent links & IDs

• Linking - Linking - to and from to and from resourcesresources

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Guidance?Guidance?

In such an era of In such an era of disruptive change disruptive change libraries need open libraries need open access to best access to best practice on:practice on:

• Service delivery & lifecycleService delivery & lifecycle

• Resource description & Resource description & standardsstandards

• Business models & Business models & administrationadministration

And much more…And much more…

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2012 Guidelines Proposal2012 Guidelines Proposal

• Create a new web Create a new web resource describing best resource describing best practicepractice

• Organise by themeOrganise by theme

• Provide links to back up Provide links to back up sources to ensure sources to ensure continuing relevance & continuing relevance & currencycurrency

• Supplement with real Supplement with real world examples when world examples when possiblepossible

2020

Proposed Themes 1Proposed Themes 1ContextContext

The Value of The Value of National National BibliographiesBibliographies

• The mission of the national The mission of the national bibliographybibliography

• Users & stakeholdersUsers & stakeholders

• International International recommendationsrecommendations

• The changing operational The changing operational contextcontext

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Proposed Themes 2Proposed Themes 2Organisation & AdministrationOrganisation & Administration

OrganisationOrganisation

• Responsibilities of a national Responsibilities of a national bibliographic agencybibliographic agency

• Legal deposit legislationLegal deposit legislation

• National bibliographic controlNational bibliographic control

• Cooperative options for data Cooperative options for data creationcreation

AdministrationAdministration• Resource issues & business modelsResource issues & business models

• Measuring the effectiveness of the Measuring the effectiveness of the national bibliographynational bibliography

• Service lifecycleService lifecycle

• Intellectual property & rights issuesIntellectual property & rights issues

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Proposed Themes 3Proposed Themes 3Scope, Selection & StandardsScope, Selection & Standards

Scoping & SelectionScoping & Selection

• General selection criteriaGeneral selection criteria

• Resource formatResource format

• Exclusions policiesExclusions policies

Resource Description & StandardsResource Description & Standards

• Bibliographic control principles & content Bibliographic control principles & content standardsstandards

• IdentifiersIdentifiers

• Metadata formatsMetadata formats

• Character encoding standardsCharacter encoding standards

• Semantic web standardsSemantic web standards

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Proposed Themes 4Proposed Themes 4DeliveryDelivery

Service DeliveryService Delivery

• Global context of national Global context of national servicesservices

• Common requirements Common requirements e.g. e.g. currencycurrency

• Management & Management & dissemination of changes to dissemination of changes to metadatametadata

• Delivery options Delivery options e.g. online, e.g. online, linked data, PDF etclinked data, PDF etc

• User supportUser support

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TimelineTimeline

At IFLA 2012 SC meetings:At IFLA 2012 SC meetings:

• Discussed Conference outcomesDiscussed Conference outcomes

• Agreed methodologyAgreed methodology

Autumn 2012 – Summer Autumn 2012 – Summer 20132013

• Allocate work for sections & Allocate work for sections & invite expert contributionsinvite expert contributions

• Create site structure & begin to Create site structure & begin to populate sample sectionspopulate sample sections

• Create initial text with linksCreate initial text with links

• Offer sample pages for feedbackOffer sample pages for feedback

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New Best Practice GuidelinesNew Best Practice Guidelines How Can You Help?How Can You Help?

• Web site:Web site: http://www.ifla.org/en/bibliographyhttp://www.ifla.org/en/bibliography

• Blog:Blog: http://blogs.ifla.org/bibliography/http://blogs.ifla.org/bibliography/

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