Presentationofdatamod6b

Presentation of Data(Graphical Method)

Module 6bBasic StatisticsSRSTHSMs. Pegollo

MCPegollo/Basic Statistics/SRSTHS

Presentation of Data

Objectives: At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:

1. Identify specific data appropriate to use for graphs

2. Create graphs3. Read and interpret graphs


Presentation of Data

Textual Method

• Rearrangement from lowest to highest

• Stem-and-leaf plot

Tabular Method

• Frequency distribution table (FDT)

• Relative FDT

• Cumulative FDT

• Contingency Table

Graphical Method

• Bar Chart• Histogram• Frequency

Polygon• Pie Chart• Less than,

greater than Ogive


Graphical Method

Graphs add beauty and color

to one’s presentation, moreover, it

helps facilitate comparison and

interpretation without going

through the numerical data.


In the succeeding graphs, we shall be using the data in the following table

Class Mark

(x)

Frequency(f)

Relative Frequency

(rf)

Less than Cumulative Frequency

(< cf)

Greater than

Cumulative Frequency

(> cf)18 - 23 20.5 18 - 24 6 10.00 6 6024 - 29 26.5 24 - 30 11 18.33 17 5430 - 35 32.5 30 - 36 17 28.33 34 4336 - 41 38.5 36 - 42 14 23.33 48 2642 - 47 44.5 42 - 48 8 13.33 56 1248 - 53 50.5 48 - 54 3 5.00 59 454 - 59 56.5 54 - 60 1 1.67 60 1

N = 60 100.00

Class Interval

(C I)

Class Boundary

(cb)

Grouped Frequency Distribution for the Entrance Examination of 60 StudentsTable 6.1

Bar Chart

A bar chart is a graph presented by either vertical or horizontal rectangles whose bases represent the class intervals and whose heights represent the frequencies


18-23 24-29 30-35 36-41 42-47 48-53 54-590

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

Figure 1 The Bar Chart of the Grouped Frequency Distribution for the Entrance Examination Scores of 60 Students


Bar Chart

18-23

24-29

30-35

36-41

42-47

48-53

54-59

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18

6

11

17

14

8

3

1

The Bar Chart of the Grouped Frequency Distribution for the Entrance Examination Scores of 60 Students


Histogram

20.5 26.5 32.5 38.5 44.5 50.5 56.50

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

Class Mark

Freq

uenc

y

Figure 2 The Histogram of the Grouped Frequency Distribution for the Entrance Examination Scores of 60 Students

A histogram is a graph represented by vertical and horizontal rectangles whose bases are the class marks and whose heights are the frequencies.Note: There are no gaps between bars.


Frequency Polygon

A frequency polygon is a line graph whose bases are the class marks and whose heights are the frequencies

14.5 20.5 26.5 32.5 38.5 44.5 50.5 56.5 62.50

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

Figure 4 The Frequency Polygon of the Grouped Frequency Distribution for the Examination Scores of 60 Students


Pie Chart

A pie chart is a circle graph showing the proportion of each class through either the relative or percentage frequency

18-2310%

24-2918%

30-3528%

36-4123%

42-4713%

48-535%

54-592%

Figure 5 The Pie Chart of the Grouped Frequency Distribution for the Entrance Examination Scores of 60 students


Ogive

An ogive is a line graph where the bases are the class boundaries and the heights are the <cf for the less than ogive and >cf for the greater than ogive.

17.5 23.5 29.5 35.5 41.5 47.5 53.50

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Figure 6 The Less than and Greater than ogives for the Entrance Examination Scores of 60 students


Quiz

Which parts of the FDT are used in constructing the following:1. Bar Chart2. Histogram3. Frequency Polygon4. Pie Chart5. Ogive


Activity 1 (Think-Pair-Share )

Insurance companies conduct continuous research on ages at death and causes of death. The following table shows the ages at death and the corresponding frequencies. Construct the following graphs:1. Bar chart2. Histogram3. Frequency Polygon4. Pie Chart5. Ogives

Age at

Death

Freq.

16 - 25

22

26 - 35

10

36 – 45

6

46 – 55

2

56 – 65

4

66 – 75

5

76 – 85

1


Activity 2 (Pair Project)

Gather data(interval or ratio level only) from 50 members in your batch. Using Microsoft Excel, construct a/an1. Complete FDT2. Bar chart3. Histogram4. Frequency Polygon5. Pie Chart6. Ogive

Due on Feb. 3Use short bond papersMention sampling technique and data gathering method used.

Education

Presentationofdatamod6b