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PROJECT METHOD
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DEFINITION
• "A project is a bit of life that has been imparted into the school, further in project method, learning by living; this life has spontaneity, purpose, significance,interest and freedom. " Prof. Ballard
DEFINITION
• "Poject method is a whole hearted, purposeful activity proceeding in a social environment". Williams Kilpatric.
DEFINITION
• "Project method is a problematic act carried to completion in its natural setting". Stevenson.
CHARATERISTICS OF A PROJECT
• The method aims at teaching the learner to get the best out of life.
• An attempt to use experience, trust and the best master whose lessons are unforgettable.
• The method gives opportunity for self expression.
• The experiments of the project aims at resetting the whole curriculum and has potentials to break all barriers.
• The project method proposes the whole sequence of activities & involves a complete understanding.
• A project can be a large unit of appreciational learning or of attitude devlopment that increases motor skills and technical knowledge.
• A project is a play activity and learners are engaged in carrying out the activity.
• The project method is a complete surrender to the learner's point of view.
• In the project method the procedure of school is liable to be determined by the techique of a workshop because the individual learners learns much better from his own activity than by constant instruction.
• Project method is an attempt made to establish a positive relation with life.
• The project method lends itself naturally to group work.
• It is a large unit of planning.
• The method seeks to have individuals see and understand life in its unity.
TYPES OF PROJECT
1. PROJECTOR TYPE.
2. CONSUMER TYPE.
3. PROBLEM TYPE.
4. DRILL TYPE.
TYPES
TYPES
PROJECTOR TYPE
DRILL TYPE
PROBLEM TYPE
CONSUMER TYPE
PROJECTOR TYPE
• Projects where students get an opportunity to build or create something like building a house or a garden, execute a model of a textile factore are called projector type.
CONSUMER TYPE• Projects in which the students set
and enjoy the direct experience with their future expected consumers.
• E.g., Projects related with home/ house visit to assess the elderly in a community.
PROBLEM TYPE
• Projects where a solution to a problem is found out or arrived at.
DRILL TYPE• The drill type projects involve an
activity that aims at acquiring greater skill.
• E.g., A student is given a project in which he or she is expected to develop in developing competency to carry out an experiment or a procedure.
ESSENTIALS OF A GOOD PROJECT
• The project should stress present and future values and experiences that supplement and extend rather than duplicate learning acquired outside the school.
• The project should have a great bearing on a variety of subjects and the knowledge acquired through it may be applied in a variety of ways.
• The project should be timely.
• The project should be challenging.
• The project should be feasible.
ORGANIZING A PROJECT
THE PROCESS• The project method starts with
identifying a suitable problem for which a solution is required.
• A background research is done and hypothesis is worked out.
• Tests are carried out and analyse the result and draw conclusion.
• This is followed by testing the hypothesis and communicating the research findings.
ORGANIZING A PROJECT• The teacher must exercise
guidance in the selection of a project.
• Good planning should be done by the students before carrying out the project.
• During execution of the project, the teacher should carefully supervise the students in manipulative skills to prevent a waste of materials and to guard against accidents.
• The evaluation of the project should be done by both by the teacher and the student.
ROLE OF A TEACHER IN A PROJECT
• The teacher skillfully guides the selection of the project.
• The student has to be given help when ever required.
• The teacher should be a good prompter.
• The relations of a teacher and students should be much closer and informal than in ordinary class room teaching.
• The teacher acts like a friend with rich and mature experience.
• The teacher acts like a director, i.e., the teacher's knowledge should be thorough and specific.
• The teacher must be a keen observer and a true sympathizer.
• The teacher should be a store house of information and knowledge.
ADVANTAGES
• It follows psychological laws of learning.(Law of readiness, Law of exercise & Law of effect).
• Project method gives freedom to the students.
• It suits to the psychological methods of maturation.
• It has potentials to drive social values.
• It promotes learning through practical problem solving.
• It trains for social adjustments.
• It saves the learners from insincerity and superficiality.
• It trains for a democratic way of life.
• It promotes learning through practical problem solving.
• It sets up an intrensic standard of evaluation.
• It leads to satisfaction of completing the whole work.
• It is ideal for science work, handicrafts and practical geography and dramatic work literature.
• The method is economical; the students take more interest and learn in the shortest possible time.
• The method helps students and teachers to grow. The learner stimulated and encouraged in his exploration of many materials will ultimately approach other areas of learning in a similar manner.
• The teacher will grow in their understanding of a child's creative developments.
DISADVANTAGES• The role of communication in
teaching learning process is subordinated to the glorification of active learning.
• It is time consuming and limited by availability and cost of materials.
• The practical difficulty of covering syllabus rule out the project method as the basis of teaching in most educational institutions.
• The method provides opportunity only for the practical enthusiast.
• It may be too ambitious; beyond the student's capacity.
• It leaves gap in students knowledge.
• Opportunity for the correlation with the academic subjects is extremely limited.
• The project method may disturb the regular instruntional schedule.
• It ivolves difficulty to ensure any kind of systematic progress in instructions.
• Projects may be adopted or abandoned at will.
• The project approach often results in an incomplete mastry of the tools of learning, which are essential to student education later.
• A complete re organization of the school is needed for a new teacher.
THANK YOU
