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Theater of the Imagination The History and Techniques of Audio Drama Edward Bowen

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Theater of the ImaginationThe History and Techniques of Audio DramaEdward Bowen

From Wikipedia -

Radio drama(oraudio drama,audio play,radio play, radio theater, audio narrative oraudio theater) is a dramatized, purely acousticperformance, broadcast onradio. With no visual component, radiodramadepends on dialogue, music and sound effects to help the listener imagine the characters and story:

"It is auditory in the physical dimension but equally powerful as a visual force in the psychological dimension.

Tim Crook:Radio drama. Theory and practice. London; New York: Routledge, 1999, p. 8.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio_drama

In other words, it is theater of the imagination, shared creation between the creators and the listeners.2

THE GOLDEN AGE OF RADIO (1934 1950)THE GOLDEN AGE OF PODCASTING (2005 - ?)

In other words, it is theater of the imagination, shared creation between the creators and the listeners.3

So, to compensate for the absence of visuals, an audio drama needs:Narrated expositionExposition in dialogueExcessive descriptionSound effectsMusic for mood and transitions

In other words, it is theater of the imagination, shared creation between the creators and the listeners.4

The Amazing Interplanetary Adventures of Flash GordonEpisode One On the Planet Mongo April 22, 1935The Amazing Interplanetary Adventures of Flash Gordon http://flashgordon.wikia.com/wiki/The_Amazing_Interplanetary_Adventures_of_Flash_Gordon Episode One On the Planet Mongohttp://www.dumb.com/oldtimeradio/listen/14133/Drama/Flash_Gordon/350427_On_The_Planet_Mongo.html 3:16

https://soundcloud.com/enbowen/flash-godron

As well as previous podcasts.The Thrilling Adventure HourEpisode One January 10, 2011The Thrilling Adventure Radio Hour http://thrillingadventurehour.com/Episode One Beyond Belief Hell Is The Loneliest Numberhttp://tinyurl.com/huofhom (Listen to first 2 minutes)

1:50https://soundcloud.com/enbowen/tah-1-beyond-belief-hell-is-the-loneliest-number

Attributes of Successful Audio DramaImaginationIntimacy * First Person Narration * Directly Addressing the Individual ListenerVerisimilitude and Familiarity Through Imitation

But the most successful approach to audio drama will be one that incorporates those characteristics native to the medium and the genre.

7

Imagination

Radio: The Theater of the Imagination

I like radio more than television.

The pictures are better.

Letter from America by Alistair Cooke History of conventions - 17 July 1992 http://tinyurl.com/h5zg2ah Imagination

Imagination

Stan Freberg https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stan_Freberg In 1966, comedian, radio pioneer and advertising executive Stan Freberg, working for the Radio Advertising Bureau, aptly illustrated the power of radio to generate imagery in the imagination of the listener and thereby directly involve the listener a a co-creator.

Stretching the ImaginationStan Freberg and Sarah Vaughn, 1966Radio Advertising Bureau

2:00

Imagination

Listen https://soundcloud.com/enbowen/stretching-the-imagination

Lights OutLights Out https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lights_Out_(radio_show)Arch Oboler https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arch_Oboler The radio series Lights Out was an anthology horror program that made extensive use of description and suggestion to eerie effect. It was created by Wyllis Cooper and later written and run by playwright Arch Oboler.

Obolers The Chicken Heart is one of the series most famous episodes, largely due to a comedy routine about the broadcast recorded by Bill Cosby in 1966. The Dark is another episode remembered for its horrific imagery. Both episodes have been lost, but Oboler recreated them for a recording in 1962 titled Drop Dead.

13Lights-Out--The-Chicken-Heart

Lights Out The DarkDecember 29, 1937 (Recreated in 1962)Lights Out - "The Dark" - Scary Story 4 https://youtu.be/HC2mNJcYtvw

8:10

14Lights-Out--The-Chicken-Heart

Lights Out The Chicken HeartMarch 10, 1937 (Recreated in 1962)Listen to https://youtu.be/G_OD_jUnYNM

7:38

15Lights-Out--The-Chicken-Heart

Lights Out The Chicken HeartMarch 10, 1937 (Recreated in 1999)Or listen to https://youtu.be/bwgmmMYshJQ

7:21

16Lights-Out--The-Chicken-Heart

Wonderfulness Chicken HeartBill Cosby, 1966

6:23

Listen to https://youtu.be/3vPimtcK3-A

17Cosby Chicken Heart

Intimacy

Radio was intimate.

It was a member of your family.

It sat in your living room,

brought the world into your home,

and it told you stories.

Podcasting is intimate.

It is a predominantly solitary experience.

It goes with you wherever you go, yet still only talks to you.

and it tells you stories.

President Franklin Delano Roosevelt understood this intimacy, and used radio to talk directly, simply and quietly to each individual American.

Intimacy

His Fireside Chats helped calm a nation through both the Great Depression and World War II.12/29/1940Remember this voiceFDR - Fireside Chat - National Security 12-29-1940 https://youtu.be/EaQH2LsghZk (Listen to the first 2 minutes and 30 seconds)

2:30Intimacy

October 30, 1938The War of the WorldsAt 8:26 pm, during Orson Welles notorious broadcast, a familiar voice is heard. And it is not the Secretary of the Interior.

1:25Listen to https://soundcloud.com/enbowen/war-of-the-worlds-008

23Audio: War of the Worlds 008

Dracula The Mercury Theatre on the Air, July 30, 1938

For his adaptation of Bram Stokers epistolary novel, Welles was able to tell the story from several first person perspectives, just as Stoker had. From the CBS studio in New York, he staged in sound a great chase through the wilderness of Transylvania.2:28Listen to https://soundcloud.com/enbowen/dracula-mercury-theater-clip-1 Dracula Mercury Theatre https://youtu.be/SK4frrg7SyU

Dracula Edit Climax

Dracula The Mercury Theatre on the Air, July 30, 1938

For his adaptation of Bram Stokers epistolary novel, Welles was able to tell the story from several first person perspectives, just as Stoker had. From the CBS studio in New York, he staged in sound a great chase through the wilderness of Transylvania.2:08Listen to https://soundcloud.com/enbowen/dracula-mercury-theater-clip-2 Dracula Mercury Theatre https://youtu.be/SK4frrg7SyU

Dracula Edit Climax

Dracula The Mercury Theatre on the Air, July 30, 1938

For his adaptation of Bram Stokers epistolary novel, Welles was able to tell the story from several first person perspectives, just as Stoker had. From the CBS studio in New York, he staged in sound a great chase through the wilderness of Transylvania.6:50Listen to http://tinyurl.com/gm5wn4f Dracula Mercury Theatre https://youtu.be/SK4frrg7SyU

Dracula Edit Climax

Quiet PleaseQuiet Please https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quiet,_PleaseWyllis Cooper https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wyllis_CooperQuiet Please http://www.quietplease.org/ Quiet Please, also created by Wyllis Cooper, was another fantasy / horror anthology program. The shows announcer was Ernest Chappell.

Wyllis CooperErnest Chappell

27Fourble Board Edit PartA

Quiet PleaseIn The Thing on the Fourble Board, sound and description create an almost unimaginable horror.

Notice that you, the listener, are a character in the story. You are a visitor to the narrators home.

28Fourble Board Edit PartA

The Thing on the Fourble BoardQuiet Please, August 9, 1948

2:57Listen to http://tinyurl.com/jj2zea3 The Thing on the Fourble Board https://youtu.be/qEiHNihRMRI

29Fourble Board Edit PartA

The Thing on the Fourble BoardQuiet Please, August 9, 1948

The narrator tells you that the fourble board is a small platform that runs around the outside of an oil derrick about half way up.

One night geologist Billy Grunewald thinks he hears someone on the fourble board. He and the narrator investigate and find a gold ring in a core sample from a mile underground thats over a million years old, and a mud-covered finger made of rock thats invisible when the mud is removed.

Later that night Grunewald is killed, his neck broken, the ring stolen. It is just the first unexplained death.

The derrick is closed.

30Fourble Board Edit PartA

The Thing on the Fourble BoardQuiet Please, August 9, 1948

5:28Listen to http://tinyurl.com/zdezgpdThe Thing on the Fourble Board https://youtu.be/ilRbcBhD9_0

31Fourble Board Edit PartB

Quiet PleaseThe Creepiest Radio Show Ever? http://tinyurl.com/jh6x2znNot only are you, the listener, a character in the story. You die at the end.

32Fourble Board Edit PartA