OTHER RELATIONSHIPS IN ECOSYSTEMS

By: Laura Rocio

Candela Hannah

Between individuals of the same species:

Gregarious associationsFamiliesSocieties

Between individuals of different species:

Mutualism Parasitism Commensalism

BETWEEN INDIVIDUALS OF THE SAME SPECIES

FAMILIESThey are small groups of individuals that are related in mammals such us wolves

FAMILIESThey are small groups of individuals that are related in mammals such us wolves

SOCIETIESThey are organisedgroups in which work is distributed.This type of group organisationis found among insectssuch as ants and bees

SOCIETIESThey are organisedgroups in which work is distributed.This type of group organisationis found among insectssuch as ants and bees

GREGARIOUS ASSOCIATIONSThey are unorganisedgroups of individualslike flocks of birds

GREGARIOUS ASSOCIATIONSThey are unorganisedgroups of individualslike flocks of birds

This is a flock of birds This is a family of wolves This is a society of bees

BETWEEN INDIVIDUALS OF DIFFERENT SPECIES

In ecosystems ,individuals from different species,and even different kingdoms,interact with each other for different reasons. This relationship may benefit one or both of the species. For example:

Mutualism ++ Parasitism + - Commensalism + 0

Mutualism It is a relationship which benefits both species. For example, certain species of birds eat the ticks that bite large mammals and suck their blood.

It is a relationship which benefits both species. For example, certain species of birds eat the ticks that bite large mammals and suck their blood.

This is mutualism !

Birds are eating the ticks of the mammal Birds are eating the ticks of

the mammal

A bird cleaning the mouth ofthe crocodile

PARASITISM

It benefits one species at the expense of the other. This is the case of fleas, which live, feed and reproduce on the skin of mamals or birds, causing discomfort or illness

It is a relationship which benefits one of the individuals and does not affect the other. One example is when orchids grow on the branches of trees to reach more light.

It is a relationship which benefits one of the individuals and does not affect the other. One example is when orchids grow on the branches of trees to reach more light.

Fish swimming with the shark Orchids growing in the tree

1. What are the three different types of relationships between individuals of the same species?Gregarious associations, families and societies!!!

2. What are the types of relationships between the individuals of different species??Parasitism, Commensalism and Mutualism!!!

3. What is Parasitism, Commensalism and Mutualism?• Parasitism is when it benefits one species at the expense of the other. • Commensalism is a relationship which benefits one of the individuals and does not affect the other. • Mutualism is a relationship which benefits both species.

REMEMBER,you have to respect the environment.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zTGcS7vJqbs