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SPEECH Naman: Good morning, respected teachers and my dear friends, today we the students of class Xi- C are going’ to explain the role and importance of Research and Development . Today in this presentation we will cover up on topics • What is R&D • Its role and importance • Its components • R&D in INDUSTRY • R&D in India • Expenditure analysis in different sectors of technology. What is R&D? Rohan: But friends do you really know what is research and development. “Research and development (R&D) aims to create new technology or information that can improve the effectiveness of products or make the production of products more efficient.” In layman’s language it’s a way to use our science to improve our standard of living. Importance of R&D Naman: Research and development is very crucial to find out solution to various problems of mankind and development of human beings. It is R&D with which the man could find solution to various diseases like discovery of penciline and various antibiotics. It is the research only with which we r enjoying various advanced technology It is a continue process, to find specific solution to various new emerging needs of man. 13656286 Components of R&D Rohan: To understand the R&D in depth we have to divide the R&D in to 2 major components:- No. 1 Research and second is development. Further research can be of two types Basic and Applied research Basic research is just to find out the hidden truth of nature, may be in the field of physics, biology, botany, environment. Normally it is undertaken by advanced study centers of universities or corporates. Second is Applied research - it is to find out a solution of a specific problem with the help of already discovered various principles or theories. Making an airplane of 5th generation. Naman: Development is the stage in which we come out of the lab and try to make prototype application of the product , then go for trial in the field and modification and finally making a useful product. R&D In Industry There is always development and growth in industrial products. Few years back we were using CRTs for our computer monitors and TVs, now LED & LCD have taken their place. It is the role of R&D in Industry, we are experiencing a large variety of automobiles on roads as well as a wide range of electronic gadgets. Rohan: After the independence India has put special importance to research activities for development of our industries. We have also established space research centers to explore various space technology like satellite communication. India’s main research centers are 1) CSIR for development of industrial sector 2) ISRO for development of space technology, 3) DRD
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Research & Development By Naman Kumar & Rohan Bhandari
Content Layout
• What is R&D?
• Why is R&D important?
• Components Of R&D
• R&D In Industry
• R&D In India
• R&D Expenditure Analysis
By Naman Kumar & Rohan Bhandari
What is R&D?
“To develop new knowledge and apply scientific or engineering knowledge to connect the knowledge in one field to that in others.” (Roussel et al., 1991)
“Research and development (R&D) aims to create new technology or information that can improve the effectiveness of products or make the production of products more efficient.”
By Naman Kumar & Rohan Bhandari
Why is R&D important?
Why is R&D important?
• Crucial to survival
• Fast changing environment
• Continuous technology change
• Competition
• Changing consumer preferences
• Fundamental to “marketing”
• Advantage is markets come from:
• Understanding what markets need (MR)
• In case of technology - selling what is possible to make
• Efficient production processes
By Naman Kumar & Rohan Bhandari
Components of Research and Development
By Naman Kumar & Rohan Bhandari
Components of Research and Development
Research
Development
Basic research: • General in nature, apply to a broad range of uses and technologies
• Universities and large corporations
• New scientific discoveries e.g. antibiotics
Applied research: • Apply existing principles to find new solutions, application of science
• Moving basic research towards new products e.g. Dyson vacuum cleaner
Research
By Naman Kumar & Rohan Bhandari
Focuses on products and commercializing these
Several prototypes may be developed
Design improvements occur
Trials, modifications and improvements occur
Development
By Naman Kumar & Rohan Bhandari
R&D In Industry Aim And Use
• Industry research focuses more on: • product development
• new technologies
• understanding of technologies in existing products
• technologies in manufacturing
• application of knowledge for commercial purpose
Industry Aims
By Naman Kumar & Rohan Bhandari
R&D In India Different research centers
Main Research Centers
CSIR Council of Scientific and Industrial Research
ISRO The Indian Space Research Organization
DRDODefense Research and Development Organization
By Naman Kumar & Rohan Bhandari
CSIR Council of Scientific and Industrial Research
What is CSIR ?
• The council of industrial & scientific research (CSIR) the premier research industrial organization in India was constituted in 1942 by the resolution of then Central Constitutive Assembly. It is an autonomous body registered under Registration of Societies Act of 1860.
By Naman Kumar & Rohan Bhandari
CSIR in India has played a major role in research in different fields :-
• Aerospace
• Biology & Biotechnology
• Chemicals
• Ecology & Environment
• Electronics & Instrumentation
• Energy
• Food & Food Processing
• Materials
• Healthcare, Drugs & Pharmaceuticals
• Housing & Construction
• Information Dissemination & Products
• Leather
• Metals, Minerals & Manufacturing
• National S&T Human Resource Development
• Earth Resources and Hazards Assessment & Mitigation
By Naman Kumar & Rohan Bhandari
ISROThe Indian Space Research Organization
What Is ISRO ?
• The Indian Space Research Organization is the primary space agency of India.
• ISRO is among the largest government space agencies in the world.
• Established in 1969.
• Headquarters in Bangalore.
• ISRO is under the administrative control of the Department of Space of the Government of India.
By Naman Kumar & Rohan Bhandari
Satellites Launched By ISRO (2012-14)
Satellite Launch Date
Launch Vehicle
Type of Satellite
IRNSS-1B 04.04.2014 PSLV-C24 Navigation Satellite
GSAT-14 05.01.2014 GSLV-D5 Geo-Stationary Satellite
Mars Orbiter Mission Spacecraft
05.11.2013 PSLV-C25 Space Mission
GSAT-7 30.08.2013 Ariane-5 Geo-Stationary Satellite
INSAT-3D 26.07.2013 Ariane-5 Geo-Stationary/Meteorological Satellite
IRNSS-1A 01.07.2013 PSLV-C22 Navigation Satellite
SARAL 25.02.2013 PSLV-C20 Earth Observation Satellite
GSAT-10 29.09.2012 Ariane-5 Geo-Stationary Satellite
RISAT-1 26.04.2012 PSLV-C19 Earth Observation Satellite
By Naman Kumar & Rohan Bhandari
Mars Orbiter Mission Spacecraft (Mangalyaan)
By Naman Kumar & Rohan Bhandari
DRDODefense Research and Development Organization
What Is DRDO ?
• The Defense Research and Development Organization (DRDO) is an agency , responsible for the development of technology for use by the military.
• Headquartered in New Delhi.
• Formed in 1958.
• Network of 52 laboratories.
By Naman Kumar & Rohan Bhandari
Technical Areas
Aeronautics
Armaments
Combat Engineering
Electronics Engineering
Life Sciences
Materials
Missiles
Naval Systems
Rajendra Radar Turbine Blades Lakshya
Nishant Kaveri Engine Satcom Terminal
Major Products/Technologies/Developments
By Naman Kumar & Rohan Bhandari
Major Products/Technologies/Developments
Missiles
• Agni-I
• Agni-II
• Akash
• Brahmos
• Dhanush
• Prithvi
• Re-entry Device
• Trishul
Naval Systems
• Airborne Pre-Setter For Alh
• Composite Propeller Shaft
• Composite Stanchion
• Helicoptor Fire Control System
• Humsa
• Mihir
• Ushus
Combat
• 30 mm HE Grenade for AGL
• ABHAY
• AJEYA
• Artificial Intelligence-Based Geo-computational System
• Bridge Layer Tank
• Geo-Environmental Monitoring Systems
• High Speed Low Drag Aircraft Bombs
Aeronautics• Falcon
• Ground Image Exploitation System
• Kaveri Engine
• Lakshya
• Light Combat Aircraft
• Model based Data Fusion
• Recovery Parachute System for Light Combat Aircraft
By Naman Kumar & Rohan Bhandari
R&D Expenditure Analysis Input in different sectors
R&D expenditure (mean) across industries
Pharmaceuticals Aerospace Automotives Chemicals Electronics Food Computers
15
5 5
8
7
1.5
12
Percent
By Naman Kumar & Rohan Bhandari
Thank You By Naman Kumar & Rohan Bhandari
