Respiratory Internal Medicine Global institute of medical sciences Type I respiratory failure Type II Respiratory failure Represents failure of oxygenation and is characterized by a low PaO2 with normal or low PaCO2. PaO2 : Low (<60 mm Hg) PaCO2 : Normal or Low (≤49 mm Hg) PA-aO2 : Increased Represents a defect in ventilation (hypoventilation) and is characterized by decreased PaO2 with increased PaCO2. PaO2 : Decreased (<60 mm Hg) PaCO2 : Increased (>49 mm Hg) PA-aO2 : Normal Causes: Causes: This type is caused by conditions which affect oxygenation, like: Parenchymal disease (V-Q mismatch) Diseases of vasculature/shunts Examples: - Pneumonia - ARDS - Emphysema - Right to left shunts This type is caused by conditions causing hypoventilation as in : Obstructive lung disease: COPD, Foriegn.body Decreased central respiratory drive e.g. CNS disorders like:- Brain injury, Meningitis Weakness of respiratory muscles e.g - Peripheral N.S. disorders like: M.gravis. - Interstitial lung disease. - MS disorders like polymyositis. - Rib cage disorders: Kyphoscoliosis. Type I respiratory failure Type II Respiratory failure Hypoxemia with decreased PaCO2 Hypoxemia with increased PaCO2
Global institute of medical sciences1.www.gims-org.com2.www.usmletutor.orgbhanuprakashkulkarni@yahoo.com
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1. Respiratory Internal MedicineType I respiratory failure Type
II Respiratory failureRepresents failure of oxygenation Represents
a defect in ventilationand is characterized by a low PaO2
(hypoventilation) and iswith normal or low PaCO2. characterized by
decreased PaO2PaO2 : Low (
