WELCOME

SEPOY MUTINY REBELLLION OF 1857

slide prepared by Nasim Ahmed Jony

SEPOY MUTINYINDIA’S FIRST WAR OF INDEPENDENCE

Indians Insurrection

Indian Mutiny

Rebellion Of 1857

The Uprising of 1857

CAUSES OF THE MUTINY

Political Causes: The policy of expansion pursued by the British created discontent among the princes.

Social causes: The continuous interference of English in basic way of living, traditional beliefs, values and norms was seen by masses as threat to religion.

SOCIAL REFORMATION TOOK PLACESATIFemale InfanticidePolygamy Introduction of Rail Lines and Telegraph spread fear

They could hardly know the feelings of the vast multitude, which providence had placed under their rule.

ECONOMIC CAUSES: Adverse Effect of Industrial Revolution

In Indian Trade and Industry. Handicraft Completely Collapsed and

Craftsman were Impoverished.

Religious Causes: Christian Missionaries Converted People to Christianity.

Superior civil and military officers abused the name of Ram and Muhammad.

IDOLATRY WAS DENOUNCEDMilitary Causes: Emolument of Bengal Army was Comparatively

Low

Aversion to overseas service, as travel across the seas meant loss of caste for them.

The privilege of free postage enjoyed by the sepoys was withdrawn with the passing of the Post Office Act 1854.

Immediate Cause: Enfield Rifle: A rumour had broken that the

new cartridge enclosed in a paper covered with the fat of cow and pig

ONSET OF THE MUTINYOn 29th March Mangal

Pandey of the 34th BNI, angered by the recent actions of the East India Company, declared that he would rebel against his commanders.

He Shot at Sergeant Major James Hewson

MAJOR PLACES WHICH WERE INVOLVED Meerut Delhi Agra Allahabad Oudh Awadh Kanpur Jhansi Lucknow Punjab

APRIL 1857Unrest and fires at Agra, Allahabad and Ambala.

■ Meerut▪ 24april on parade 5 Refused to use cartridges.▪ 9 May 1857, 85 Sepoys were court martialled.▪ Next day their companions attacked the jail.▪ Officers & civilians were killed. ▪ rebels had marched off to Delhi.

DELHI: On 12th May 1857, Delhi was in

custody by rebels.▪ Bhahadur Shah II was persuaded to support ▪ 50 up Europeans were shot deadLoss of Delhi was a prestige loss for British.● On 20th September British regained Delhi.● Arrested The king● The king died in 1862.

ASSAULT OF DELHI AND CAPTURE OF THE CASHMRE GATE, 14 SEPTEMBER 1857

OUDH (LUCKNOW) The revolt broke out on

4th June 1857. In March 1858, the city

was finally recaptured.The rebels driven to Nepal border to die in bad climate or captured by Gorkhas

ATTACK OF THE MUTINEERS ON THE REDAN BATTERY AT LUCKNOW, 30 JULY 1857

JHANSI In June 1857, the troops at

Jhansi revolted. Rani Laxmibai (widow of Raja

Gangadhar Rao)was declared ruler.

Tantia Tope joined her after Kanpur was lost.

On 3rd April 1858, Sir Hugh Rose recaptured Jhansi.

CAUSES OF FAILURE OF THE REVOLT

The revolt was localized and was poorly planned.

The British had better resources than the rebels.

The revolt was feudal in character

THE LEADERS LACKED MILITARY SKILLS.

The native princes did not join the revolt

The educated Indians did not support the revolt.

As the British had control over the sea, they were in a position to pour into India both men and materials with practically no difficulty.

IMPACT OF THE REVOLTThe Transfer of Power Declaration of Queen VictoriaNo rise in Land RevenueDecline of Muslim Aristocracy in Indo-Gangetic Plains

The Indian army was reorganized. Included Sikhs, Gurkhas & Pathans

THANK YOU