Spencer’s Egypt Powerpointby:Spencer Jackson

Egypt!!!Egypt!!!

Writing and HieroglyphicsWriting and Hieroglyphics The ancient Egyptians believed that The ancient Egyptians believed that

it was important to record and it was important to record and communicate information about communicate information about religion and government. Thus, they religion and government. Thus, they invented written scripts that could invented written scripts that could be used to record this information. be used to record this information.

The most famous of all ancient The most famous of all ancient Egyptian scripts is Egyptian scripts is hieroglyphichieroglyphic. .

Hieroglyphic writing was a form of Hieroglyphic writing was a form of writing used by the ancient writing used by the ancient Egyptians. The individual characters Egyptians. The individual characters are called 'hieroglyphs' are called 'hieroglyphs'

However, throughout three However, throughout three thousand years of ancient Egyptian thousand years of ancient Egyptian civilization, at least three other civilization, at least three other scriptsscripts were used for different were used for different purposes. purposes.

Using these scripts, Using these scripts, scribesscribes were were able to preserve the beliefs, history able to preserve the beliefs, history and ideas of ancient Egypt in and ideas of ancient Egypt in temple and tomb walls and on temple and tomb walls and on papyruspapyrus scrolls. scrolls.

Egyptian CuisineEgyptian Cuisine

Egyptian cuisine is characterized by Egyptian cuisine is characterized by dishes such as dishes such as FulFul MedamesMedames, , KushariKushari and and MulukhiyyaMulukhiyya, while , while sharing similarities with food found sharing similarities with food found throughout the eastern throughout the eastern MediterraneanMediterranean like like kebabkebab and and falafelfalafel. .

BreadBread forms the backbone of forms the backbone of Egyptian cuisine. Egyptian cuisine.

Bread is consumed at almost all Bread is consumed at almost all Egyptian meals; a working-class or Egyptian meals; a working-class or rural Egyptian meal might consist of rural Egyptian meal might consist of little more than bread and beans. little more than bread and beans.

Ancient Egyptians are known to have Ancient Egyptians are known to have used a lot of garlic and onion in their used a lot of garlic and onion in their everyday dishes. everyday dishes.

DukkahDukkah is a dry mixture of chopped is a dry mixture of chopped nuts, seeds and nuts, seeds and Middle EasternMiddle Eastern spices and flavors. spices and flavors.

Egyptian HolidaysEgyptian Holidays There are a set of There are a set of national holidaysnational holidays

celebrated by the entire population. celebrated by the entire population. Since Since IslamIslam is the state religion, the is the state religion, the

Islamic holidays are observed by all Islamic holidays are observed by all Egyptians. Egyptians.

ChristianChristian holidays are not national holidays are not national holidays (except eastern holidays (except eastern ChristmasChristmas), ), however the however the ChristiansChristians are permitted to are permitted to observe these holidays. observe these holidays.

April 25April 25Sinai Liberation Day - Sinai Liberation Day - Celebrates the withdrawal of Celebrates the withdrawal of IsraeliIsraeli troops from the troops from the Sinai peninsulaSinai peninsula

March 21March 21Mother's DayMother's Day - Celebrates all - Celebrates all mothersmothers

October 24October 24Suez Day / Popular Suez Day / Popular Resistance Day - Celebrates the Resistance Day - Celebrates the resistance of local citizens in Suez resistance of local citizens in Suez during the during the October WarOctober War..

GeographyGeography The ancient Egyptians thought of The ancient Egyptians thought of

Egypt as being divided into two types Egypt as being divided into two types of land, the 'black land' and the 'red of land, the 'black land' and the 'red land'. land'.

The 'black land' was the fertile land on The 'black land' was the fertile land on the banks of the Nile. the banks of the Nile.

The ancient Egyptians used this land The ancient Egyptians used this land for growing their crops. This was the for growing their crops. This was the only land in ancient Egypt that could only land in ancient Egypt that could be farmed because a layer of rich, be farmed because a layer of rich, black black siltsilt was deposited there every was deposited there every year after the Nile flooded. year after the Nile flooded.

The 'red land' was the The 'red land' was the barrenbarren desert desert that protected Egypt on two sides. that protected Egypt on two sides.

These deserts separated ancient These deserts separated ancient Egypt from neighbouring countries and Egypt from neighbouring countries and invading armies. invading armies.

They also provided the ancient They also provided the ancient Egyptians with a source for Egyptians with a source for preciousprecious metals and semi-precious stones. metals and semi-precious stones.

Egyptian Architecture

Probably the most famous structure in all of Egypt, the Pyramids are still on of the worlds best architectural achievement, even though they were built many centuries ago. These structures can be as tall as 482 feet (147 m) high. The Pyramid towers over many other famous landmarks, including the Statue of Liberty.

The first true pyramid was build at saqqara for the king Zoser. It was called a step pyramid because of its step shape. The later pyramids were smooth sided, like the Great Pyramid at Giza, built for the king Khufu about 4,500 years ago.

Scattered throughout Egypt, you may see some large brown columns. These structures are made of granite and they all have some hieroglyphics on it. You may see some sort of design on the top of the columns.

Also scattered throughout Egypt are stone figures. These figures could look like a tiger, a king, and eagle, or maybe even a mixture of both.

Perhaps the best know stone figure of them all is the Sphinx. It is a figure of a kings head who is wearing the striped headcloth (nemes). His body is that of a lion.

Egyptian Traditional Dress Egypt had a range of traditional

costumes. The farmers (fellahin) basically wear

gallibayas In the cities the upper classes

adopted the clothes of their conquerors - Ottoman Turks from 1500s, and later European from 1798.

To the south the Nubians have their own distinctive costume and across the desert the Bedouin also have a separate style of clothing.

Peasant women would wear a gallebaya outdoors but in the city gallibaya tended to be worn only indoors. For public wear a woman would wear a wide woman's dress called a tob sebleh.

The woman's kaftan was called a yelek

Egyptian History

The history of Egypt is the longest continuous history, as a unified state, of any country in the world.

The need to have a single authority to manage the waters of the Nile led to the creation of the world's first state in Egypt in about 3000 BC.

The history of Persian Egypt is divided into three era: an initial period of Achaemenid Persian occupation when Egypt became a satrapy, followed by an interval of independence; a second period of occupation, again under the Achaemenids; and a final occupation by the Sassanid Empire, immediately before the Arab invasion of 639 CE.

The last pharaoh of the Twenty-Sixth dynasty, Psamtik III, was defeated by Cambyses II of Persia in the battle of Pelusium in the eastern Nile delta in 525 BC, Egypt was then joined with Cyprus and Phoenicia in the sixth satrapy of the Achaemenid Empire.

Cambyses led three unsuccessful military campaigns in Africa: against Carthage, the oases of the Western Desert, and Nubia. He remained in Egypt until 522 BC and died on the way back to Persia.

In Conclusion…..

I think Egypt is a verrry interesting country.

I think it would be great to visit Egypt. I would love to see the famous pyramids

in Egypt. I would love to try different Egyptian

foods. Egypt is a very culturally diverse and rich

country!

P.S. – I got basically all my information from wikipedia.com