Teaching and Instruction This is why we entered the profession. The opportunity to be up in front of children and young adults imparting wisdom is the vision we’ve all had when we chose to be a teacher. Like any other profession, there are those skilled in it, as well as, those whose talents leave a bit to be desired. Just like in those professions, there are techniques and practices which can assist you in excelling and providing your student with a rewarding school year.
1. This is why we entered the profession. The opportunity to be
up in front of children and young adults imparting wisdom is the
vision weve all had when we chose to be a teacher. Like any other
profession, there are those skilled in it, as well as, those whose
talents leave a bit to be desired. Just like in those professions,
there are techniques and practices which can assist you in
excelling and providing your student with a rewarding school
year.
2. In the immortal words of Gunnery Sergeant Thomas Highway,
you must learn how to improvise, adapt and overcome. You will make
mistakes. You will have the wrong answer key, the wrong word will
be used, technology will malfunction. So many outside factors will
occur that will interfere with your lesson. Acknowledge it and let
it go! *Teachers who try to hide behind their mistake end up having
more problems and lose respect of their students.
3. Remember Ask yourself what do you teach? Avoid saying you
teach math or science or music, but rather you teacher 7th graders
Think back to any lesson youve ever taken, golf, swimming, piano,
etc., you learned at your level. Be understanding and aware of the
levels and abilities of your students. Pay close note to factors
that can allow you to teach at that level, move forward, one step
at a time, and increase student success. Be aware of vocabulary.
Use words and terminology that are age appropriate. Have an
understanding of the content and its sequence (what theyve learned
before you and where they will go with what youve taught them) Get
all you can from each child. Theres just as much satisfaction
getting the D student to a C as there is from getting a student to
achieve an A (Sometimes the satisfaction is even greater!)
4. In reality, there was probably only one good teacher ever
created. The rest of us have stolen ideas from him or her and one
another. -E Bates Teaching can be a very isolated profession.
Collaboration though can be very beneficial, rejuvenating, and
enlightening . Teachers can be very generous and happy to share
their successes with others/ So.STEAL, LISTEN, and LEARN Attend
conferences, workshops, forums and web sites which chronicle
successful practices/ Find the good teachers in your building and
pick their brains. Good mentors will allow their mentee to view and
observe other teachers besides themselves/ *Youll be amazed at how
much you will learn by observing others. And how much others can
learn from you!
5. *The one who does the doing does the learning! Lecturing is
the least effective method of teaching, yet the most often used.
How did you learn to drive a car? Did your instructor read from a
manual? We learn by doing!
6. *Are you covering material or teaching it! There arent many
adults who owe their successes to that of a textbook, but many who
owe their successes to the influence of a teacher. Avoid teaching
from the textbook, especially at the lower levels, as it may not
follow the content in a proper sequence. Teachers make the mistake
of seeing the textbook as the definitive curriculum for their
district. Take the curriculum and determine the best resources to
teach that curriculum. A textbook should be used as a teaching
tool, one of several sources. Ask yourself if all the textbooks
were removed from your classroom , would you be able to continue
your teaching.
7. Be a good role model! Make it a part of your class rules. Be
courteous, raise your hand, do not yell out answers, etc. Model it
yourself. Speak in a proper tone, use positive body language, say
please and thank you. Utilize group activities to promote positive
social skills *Weave proper social skills into everything you
teach! Assume nothing! Dont expect your students to come in with
perfect manners. Dont assume they know right from wrong. Dont
assume theyll work cooperatively and get along with each other.
Educate the whole person.
8. Questioning techniques use these to determine strengths Ask
all kids questions ask a colleague to observe and record
questioning patterns. Softballs use these with the student who may
have difficulty with a particular topic. Rock Stars these are the
kids wholl leave the easy questions for others. Theyll answer the
more challenging questions. Every single students possesses lots of
strengths. Sometimes its harder to find in some, but they are
there. Focus on strengths that may be non educationally related if
necessary (i.e. good manners, effort, etc.)
9. When implementing classroom management activities in your
classroom, REMEMBER Assign groups that have varying ability levels
(assign each student a different job). Monitor behaviors to see
that they are appropriate. Keep noise level under control by
circulating throughout room. This requires a lot of work and effort
on the teachers part. Teachers need to have a solid classroom
management plan in place BEFORE implementing cooperative learning
activities Student who participate in cooperative learning
activities develop problem solving skills, better social skills,
and achieve at higher levels. So why is it avoided by so many
teachers? Kids cant get along One student does all the work Too
noisy No social skills Too chaotic These are classroom management
issues!
10. When are we ever gonna have to use this? All knowledge is
relational. Aristotle In order for us to learn, we must have
something we already know with which to connect the new skill. When
work makes sense, students have a purpose of doing it. If it doesnt
seem meaningful, we close our minds to it. Find the application
Examples : Middle school math students can see the relevance of
coordinate geometry when its applied to the job an air traffic
controller performs. Students can see applications of % when its
applied to how they shop. Tell stories students will relate to a
topic when its connected to a story that may have been important to
you. *If you cannot come up with a real-life application to a
particular topic, get rid of that topic!
11. In most classes its a necessary evil, but assign in
moderation. It should NOT be meant as a punishment! Homework should
be reflective of that days lesson and should be meaningful and
doable. It should be assigned so that you as a teacher can assess
mastery of that particular topic. It on average should not take the
child more than 20 minutes to complete (If it exceeds that, build
time into the end of your class to begin the assignment.)
Communicate with your colleagues to see what else is being
assigned. If you team teach, create a team calendar, so that both
students and colleagues can see important items throughout the
month. You can then plan your assessments and assignments
accordingly so as to not overwhelm students or create conflicts
with others assessments. Helpful hint: When creating an assignment,
set aside 2-3 additional questions related to that topic. Do this
for each assignment and youll have a bank of questions to use on
tests and quizzes.
12. Students need to see what the process looks like and listen
as the teacher thinks aloud and models the thought process that
goes into completing a task. Use guided notes and examples Conduct
reviews of the concept in a basic sense via discussion *Imagine
teaching someone how to ride a bike without ever showing them what
riding a bike looks like. Model your skills as well Use proper
grammar and spelling. Avoid saying I was never any good at. Provide
clear and legible notes (If you have poor handwriting, then TYPE
them out!) *Teaching of any manner, requires modeling. So model,
model, model! Create a light of understanding in your students
minds.
13. Find your niche. Let kids know what theyll expect of you
during their time in your class. With clear rules and expectations,
you can allow yourself to have fun with the kids. Let kids see the
lighter side of you. The human side. You dont plug a cord into your
head and go into your cabinet at days end. *Lighten up. Dont take
yourself so seriously and add some fun to your school day.
14. I hear and I forget. I see and I remember. I do and I
understand. Chinese Proverb Get kids up and involved Simulations
Problems on board Reading instructions/passages *What students hear
in the classroom will go in one ear and out the other. What theyll
see theyll tend to remember, but what they actually have to do,
theyll learn, and that learning will stick with them. Create an
environment in your teaching that increases active student
participation, higher interest levels , the opportunity for
meaningful learning, and last but not least, decreases boredom
15. Often times we as teachers assume too much. Just because a
student knows an answer or can memorize a piece of information, we
assume they understand. Know and applying information are 2
different things. Critical thinking involves problem solving, which
creates understanding of a topic. Ex: Remembering dates or the
historical reference behind them. Regurgitating a formula or having
a true understanding as to how its derived. Dont be afraid to go
off topic if it stimulates discussion.but bring them back. Make an
effort in your teaching to switch from stating fact after fact and
instead encourage students to think critically. Once they
understand the concept, the facts become meaningful. Students delve
deeper into concepts and remain in a questioning mode throughout
the lesson *You want to create a class of students that will
question you, that will ask the what if question.
16. Authentic means real or valid. So assess kids in a way of
knowing whether or not your students have attained a particular
skill. On a vocabulary test, reciting definitions mean nothing.
Have the students use the words. A test on the scientific method
should not just require students to list the steps, but also apply
the method in an experiment. In a lesson involving laws of
exponents, students should not just be able to recite the laws, but
use them to prove why anything to the zero power = 1. *Would a
written exam in swimming determine whether or not youre a good
swimmer? *If you want to know if a person can cook, have them cook
something for you.
17. Kids enjoy and change from the routine so MIX IT UP! Theyll
love it. Kids respond to teachers who keep them intrigued. Remember
though, these are TEACHING strategies, not CLASSROOM MANAGEMENT
strategies. Mix it up and change your routine so it doesnt always
look the same Give exciting explanations. Provide the opportunity
for inviting discussions. Conduct hands on learning. Assign class
projects. Allow for student demonstration of skills.
18. Sometimes the right decision isnt the easiest. There will
be days when youre exhausted and will be tempted to take the easy
way out, showing a video, giving a multiple choice test using a
scantron. Its human nature. DONT GIVE IN to the temptation. Always
ask yourself: Is what Im doing in the best interests of my
students?