04/11/2023 Sajjad Ahmad Awan PhD Research Scholar TE DTSC Khushab 1

04/11/2023 Sajjad Ahmad Awan PhD Research Scholar TE DTSC Khushab 2

TERMINOLOGIES USED IN

MATHEMATICS

BY:-SAJJAD AHMAD AWAN PhD RESEARCH

SCHOLAR

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Introduction:

1. Education:Education means the change in

behaviour and attitude.2. Mathematics:It is the branch of science which

deals with calculations known as mother of science. Its branches are Mathematic, Algebra and Geometry.

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Introductions:

3. Terminology:A specific word that is used for a

specific thing is known as terminology.

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Objectives:

1. Specific Objectives: To make the student familiar with

the definitions of mathematical terms.

To inculcate the concept of these terms.

To make the students understand these terms completely and make them able to use these terms in mathematical applications.

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Objectives:

2. General Objectives: To enhance the mathematical

understanding of the students.

To enhance the mathematical skills of the students.

To provide the students mathematical practice regarding these terms.Sajjad Ahmad Awan PhD Research

Scholar TE DTSC Khushab

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1. Symbols:Symbol:Generally a symbol refers to some image

or objects which suggests to some thing else. For example:

Basic Symbols used in Mathematics:

= These two parallel lines are named as symbol equal to.

≠ This named as not equal to.- This symbol is named as Subtract.

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1.Symbols:X It is a multiplication sign.< This sign named as greater than.>This sign named as less than.Є This is named as the member of.U This symbol shows the union of

two sets.∩ This symbol shows the

intersection of two sets.( ) This sign is known parenthesis.@ It is taken “At the Rate of”.

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2.Sets:Set: A set is collection of well

defined objectsSub Set: If A and B are two sets

and every member of set A is the member of set B, then set A is as sub set of set B.

Union of two Sets: The union of two sets A and B is set consisting of all the elements which are in set A or in set B.

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2.Sets:Intersection of Two Set: The

intersection of two sets A and B is a set consisting of all the common elements of sets A and B.

Power Set: If A is any set then the set consisting of all the subsets of the set A is called power of A.

Null Set: If there is no element present in a set it is called a null set.

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3.Ratio:Ratio: A relation between two

quantities in same units i.e. a:b

Proportion: A relation between two ratios is called proportion. i.e. a:b:: c:d

Direct Proportion: If a proportion between two ratios is such that with the increase one ratio the second ratio may rise is called direct proportion.

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3.Ratios:

Inverse Proportion: If a proportion between two ratio is such that with the rise of one ratio the second decreased that is called inverse proportion.

Percentage: Percentage is such common fraction, in which denominator consists 100 i.e.12% means 12/100.

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3.Ratios:Profit: The sale price of product is

more than the purchase price is called profit. i.e

Net Profit = Sale Price-Purchase Price.

Loss: The purchase price is more than the sale price is called loss. i.e.

Loss = Purchase Price – Sale Price

Profit Loss Percent: The Profit or loss on product purchased in 100 R.s is called profit percent.

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4.Algebra:Algebra: It is the branch

of mathematics which deals generalized arithmetic to solve the complicated problems.

Constant: The value which remains fixed and does not change is called constant. e.g: 2,3,5,8.

Variable: The value which is not fixed and varies is called variable. e.g: X,Y,Z.

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4.Algebra:Co-efficient: The number which

is multiply by variable is called co-efficient. e.g: 3x,5y,etc.

Equation: An open sentence which shows “=“ among two expressions is called equation.

e.g: 3x=12, x+2=9. In-equation: Such sentences in

which symbols < or > used are called in-equation. e.g: 3x>12, x<7.

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5.Geometry:Geometry:Geometry means

the measurement of earth.Square: The shape

having four equal sign with four right angles is called square.□

Rectangle: The shape which consists of four sides having opposite sides equal is called rectangle.

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5.Geometry:Sphere: A sphere is solid

bounded by a single curve surface with equal distance for all sides.©

Centre: The fixed point of sphere is called a centre.

Radius: The distance from centre of circle upto the outer side.

Angle: The two rays with common end point is called angle.

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6.Conclusions:

The students will understands all these terminologies very well.

The students will be able to improve their knowledge.

The well qualified students will take active part in the progress of Pakistan.

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7.Suggestions:The post graduate teachers should

be provided in primary school of rural areas of Punjab.

AV aids should be provided in school of remote areas for the better quality of education.

Teachers training courses should be conducted after 3 years for newly recruited and senior teachers.

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Thanks