Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
+
TERRORISM
+TERRORISM
Terrorism is so complex that even the U.N. doesn´t have an official definition of it.
However it can be defined as:
“the systematic use of violence to create a general climate of fear in a population and thereby to bring about a particular political objective”(Encyclopedia Brittanica, 2011)
+COMMON CHARACTERISTICS OF TERRORISM
Uses violence
Directed towards civilians
Creates panic and drama and wants to affect psycologically
Uses surprise attacks
Has political objectives
Tries to inculcate fear; intended to coerce or to intimidate governments or societies in the pursuit of goals that are generally political, religious, or ideological
+ “One man’s terrorist is another man’s freedom fighter”
+MAIN GOALS OF TERRORISM
Overthrown a government
Draw the attention of the MEDIA
Show the vulnerability of a state: Example 9/11
Create a general feeling of insecurity in society.
Promote the disintegration of society.
+CATEGORIES OF TERRORISM
INDIVIDUAL: one person carries out terrorist activities that portray their idea.
EXAMPLE: Unabomber
IDEOLOGICAL FANATISM: It´s intended to achieve a social change through the use of violence.
EXAMPLE: Brigadas Rojas Italianas
RELIGIOUS FANATISM: Groups that promote an agenda based on their religious beliefs. Holy war.
EXAMPLE: AL QAEDA
+CATEGORIES OF TERRORISM
INTIMIDATION OF THE STATE: organized crime against the government of a country.
EXAMPLE: Mexican drug organizations, Pablo Escobar in Colombia 70s)
NATIONALISMS AND SEPARATISMS: Use terrorist attacks to attract the media and demand changes to the government.
EXAMPLE: Euzkadi Ta Azkatasuna (ETA), TAMIL TIGERS.
+ US list of terrorist groups
http://www.state.gov/j/ct/rls/other/des/123085.htm
+
ETA
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cEGpXO8pCRo
+Three types of Terrorism
NON-STATE TERRORISM
STATE TERRORISM
STATE SPONSORED TERRORISM
+STATE-TERRORISM
STATE TERRORISM: when the state uses terrorism to supress the citizens.
Examples: Reign of Terror (Robespierre in the French Revolution 1794).(Guillotine: Marie Antoniette, Lavoiser)
Great Purge in the USSR under Stalin orders (1937-1938 more than half a million were killed because they were considered opponents of Communism, others sent to Gulags.
+NON-STATE TERRORISM
NON-STATE TERRORISM: created by people that are not part of the state and have clear political goals and use violence against civilians that are attacked by surprise. Is financed by particulars.
ETA, AL QAEDA, IRA (in the 90s), FARC.
+STATE SPONSORED TERRORISM
State-sponsored terrorism :when governments provide supplies, training, and other forms of support to non-state terrorist organization.
EXAMPLES:
CIA
GHADAFFI in LYBIA
+
FUNDAMENTALISM
+Fundamentalism
Fundamentalism: refers to a belief in a strict adherence to a set of basic principles whether they are religious, ideological or political
Every aspect of life (education, family, politics, etc…) is driven by the beliefs.
They interpret religious or ideological texts strictly.
They follow the ideologies or religions STRICTLY.
+FUNDAMENTALISM CAN BEPOLITICAL OR RELIGIOUS
Political: Examples: Marxists that believe in the destruction of capitalism
Religious:
1) Christians that cannot accept the theory of the evolution of men and modern geology. Muslims that follow strictly the Shar´ia (Quran)
2) Muslims that follow the Shar´ia strictly.
+Bush´s war
Bush´s War Part I
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kL_Nx01Xoo4&feature=related
