THE SPREAD OF ENGLISH IN THE MODERN PERIOD

2008130525 Bogyung Kim

2008130540 Sohyun Park

Contents

The spread of English -English speaking nations Historical roots of the spread of English

1) English settlement in America 2) British colonization 3) The occurrence of the World War

Indian English -an example of national varieties of English language Americanism World English

The spread of English -English speaking nations

English has spread around the world geo-graphically and among various speakers

First by British colonization and empire-building, and more recently by the promi-nence of America in world affairs

The spread of English -English speaking nations

Historical roots of the spread of English

1)The first permanent English settlement in America(1607)

English spread rapidly from the eastern part of

America where the English first settled, to the whole country

Historical roots of the spread of English

2) British colonization The foundations for the expansion of English

were laid as the British Empire itself expanded(roughly between 1600~1900)

Historical roots of the spread of English

2) British colonization English and English Language Teaching served as

a tool to strengthen British rule. The result of colonial education policy

English speaking

native elite

Vernacular speaking majority

English as a second language or the official language

Historical roots of the spread of English

3)The occurrence of the World War Physical force ,or power as a

driving force to influence the spread of English

American English, a symbol of liberty and freedom to the Euro-peans who underwent the war

The headquarter of the

United Nations in New York

Indian EnglishThe Spread of English under the British Empire

A Brief History of India under the British Empire

The East India Company of London mer-chants founded in 1600 for a monopoly of trade in Orient.

The British Raj was formed and promoted English instruction.

English as the second most widely spoken language in India.

Indian English

English has official or semi-official use in the Philippines, Malaysia, Tanzania, Kenya, Nigeria,

Liberia, and other countries in Africa, the Caribbean, the Pacific, and else where.

Indian English

[t], [d], and [n] may have a retroflex articulation

The sounds [w] and [v] may not be distinguished phonemically.

Aspirated and unaspirated stops are different phonemes.

Indian English may be syllable-timed rather than stress- timed like British and American, resulting in creating a staccato effect.http://youtu.be/vw6RgIf6epQ(0:47)

AmericanismAn American variety of English

Some English pronunciations and words "froze" when they reached America. e.g. trash for rubbish, loan as a verb instead of lend, and fall for autumn

Served as the route of introduction for many native American words. e.g. Mississippi, Roanoke, Iowa

Spanish also had an influence on English language.e.g. canyon, ranch, stampede, vigilante

French words (through Louisiana) and West African words (through the slave trade) also influenced American English.

Particularly influential, due to the USA's dominance of cin-ema, television, popular music, trade and technology (including the Internet).e.g. Grammy Awards, American TV series, Google, Facebook

AmericanismThe most influential dialect of the language

The political military and economic influ-ence of the U.S. on the globe since the late nineteenth to the present day- Capitalism:

a major international financial center

multinational corporations

- Globalization in an Americanized way

- Preference for American accent

World English

English is the International language for the airlines, of the sea and shipping, of computer technology, of science, and indeed of communication generally.

World English: English has diversified by adapting to local circumstances and cultures, resulting in different varieties of English in every country.e.g. Konglish, Singlish, Spanglish

The invention of Globish, a simplified version of English used by non-native speakers

A Brief Summary

British colonization and empire-building

The prominence of America in world affairs

Diversified by adapting to local circumstances and cultures

A simpler version of English called “Globish”