- 1. Chapter 19:Reconstruction Section 1:Presidential
Reconstruction
2. Thinking Question
- What are some problems that Texas and the United States might
have faced at the end of the Civil War?
3. Emancipation
- U.S. troops take control of Texas at end of Civil War
- June 19, 1865:Gen. Gordon Granger issues proclamation freeing
slaves
Gen. Gordon Granger 4. Emancipation
- Many freedpeople left plantations
- Formally married and searched for family
- Gathered at military posts & towns to seek work
5. The Freedmens Bureau
- Reconstruction the process of reuniting the Southern states
back into the Union
- 13 thAmendment amendment to U.S. Constitution that abolished
slavery
6. The Freedmens Bureau
- Freedman's Bureau organization created by the U.S. Congress to
give legal aid to former slaves
- Freedpeople had no land and few job opportunities
7. The Freedmens Bureau
- Bureau and churches established schools
- Illiteracy rate of African American dropped
8. The Freedmens Bureau
- Onlya few dozenFreemens Bureau agents were sent to Texas
- Former Confederatesused violence against freedpeople
9. President Johnsons Plan
- Some wanted to punish the South
- Abraham Lincoln did not want to increase bitterness
10. President Johnsons Plan
- April 1865:Lincoln assassinated
- Andrew Johnson becomes president
Andrew Johnson 11. President Johnsons Plan
- Step 1:Voters in former Confederate states had to take an oath
of loyalty to the United States
12. President Johnsons Plan
- Step 2:High ranking Confederate officials and wealthy
landowners had to apply for a pardon
13. President Johnsons Plan
- Step 3:States had to form provisional governments
14. President Johnsons Plan
- Step 4:States had to form new constitutions declaring secession
illegal & abolishing slavery
15. President Johnsons Plan
- Step 5:States had to agree not to pay any outstanding
Confederate debts
16. President Johnsons Plan
- Step 6:Ratify new constitutions & elect new government
officials
17. President Johnsons Plan
- Step 7:Ratify 13 thAmendment
18. President Johnsons Plan
- November 1865:Provisional Governor Andrew Hamilton calls for an
election to select delegates to constitutional convention
Andrew J. Hamilton 19. President Johnsons Plan
- African Americanscould not votefor delegates to the
constitutional convention of 1866
- Constitution completed in 2 months
20. President Johnsons Plan
- African Americans did not receive equal rights:
-
- Could not testify in court cases involving whites
21. President Johnsons Plan
- June 1866:voters approve new constitution
- James Throckmorton elected governor
James Throckmorton 22. President Johnsons Plan
- Former secessionists elected to state legislature
- Legislature refused to ratify 13 thamendment
23. The Black Codes
- Black Codes laws passed after Reconstruction to deny African
Americans civil rights
- Required to sign labor contracts
24. The Black Codes
- Arrested for not having jobs
- Violence:1865-1868 468 freedpeople killed in Texas