Unit 113: Maintain and use carpentry and joinery hand tools

© 2013 City and Guilds of London Institute. All rights reserved. 1 of 14

Level 1 Diploma in Carpentry and Joinery

PowerPoint presentation

Sharpening hand tools

Unit 113: Maintain and use carpentry and joinery hand tools



AimIntroduce learners to sharpening hand tools.

Objectives

• Identify at least one sharpening tool for sharpening hand tools.

• List at least one method of sharpening hand tools.

• State the angles for grinding and honing.

• Explain the method for sharpening hand tools.



OilstoneAn oilstone is a fine-grained stone and an abrasive surface which is used to sharpen some cutting tools.

These come in coarse, medium or fine grades, often as a combination with two of them on opposite sides.



Diamond stoneDiamond stones carry out the same job as oilstones. A very fine lubrication or water is required. They are a lot cleaner than oilstones.



Slip stoneSlip stones are generally made from cast abrasive grit. This allows for a range of shapes and sizes to be manufactured.

They are normally quite small, approximately 125mm x 50mm.



GrindingChisels and plane irons are ground at an angle of 25°. The regulations regarding grinding wheels is the Abrasive Wheels Regulations 1970.

There is two types of grinding:

• wet grinding

• dry grinding.



Wet grindingWet grinding is carried out at slower speed.

The wheel is lubricated with water and will not burn the edge of the tool being ground.

Images courtesy of www.screwfix.com. Reproduced with permission.



Dry grindingDry grinding is carried out at higher speed and has a tendency to burn the tool. To overcome this, the tools should frequently be dipped in water which acts as a coolant.

Image courtesy of www.screwfix.com. Reproduced with permission.



Sharpening/honingThe sharpening or honing angle on a chisel or a plane blade is 30°. When honing a hand tool all of the stone must be used to prevent hollowing the stone. A figure of 8 is a good method of honing.



Sharpening/honing continued

Whenever you sharpen a chisel/plane on an oilstone, follow these three golden rules:

1. Use the whole area of the oilstone to keep it flat.

2. Lubricate the oilstone with a thin layer of oil, and wipe clean after use to avoid clogging the surface of the oilstone.

3. The oilstone should be held firm in a vice or on a flat surface.



Videos on sharpening/honingGrinding and sharpening a chisel: www.youtube.com/watch?v=uH_WfVAAtyg

Sharpening a chisel: www.youtube.com/watch?v=1F5aSs2ureQ

Protecting cutting edges: www.youtube.com/watch?v=uZl3xm_Dvlg

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uH_WfVAAtyg

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1F5aSs2ureQ



StorageStoring tools safely and correctly is very important. The better storage your tools have, the longer they will last.

Most power tools come with cases but hand tools usually do not. It is important to store tools for our safety as well as prolonging the life of the tool.

Image courtesy of www.workshopheaven.com. Reproduced with permission.



How do we store hand tools safely and correctly? • Toolboxes

• Tool cases

• Tool rolls

• Magnetic tool bars

• Blade covers

Images courtesy of www.screwfix.com and www.workshopheaven.com. Reproduced with permission.



Any questions?

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Unit 113: Maintain and use carpentry and joinery hand tools