1. Biological Explanation Complete the worksheet revising the
biological approach.
2. www.jamiesflipped.co.uk @jamiesflipped
3. Lesson Objectives By the end of the lesson you Must be able
to define (AO1) the central nervous system, synapse, neurones and
neurotransmitters. Must be able to describe (AO1) how the synapse,
receptors, neurons and neurotransmitters pass messages Should be
able to describe (AO1) and evaluate (AO2) the biological approach
to understanding depression.
4. Pinky and The Brain 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. How many brain cells
does an average brain contain? What percentage of the bodies energy
does the brain use? How much does a brain weigh? What percentage of
our brain do we use? How many times do our brain cells fire a
second? How many times do synapses send information every
second?
5. ? ? ? Biological Approach
6. How chemical activity mediates out behaviour. Genetic
Influences over our behaviour Biological Approach Hormonal
Influences over our behaviour
7. How chemical activity mediates out behaviour.
Neurotransmitters One way messages are passed within the brain is
by neurotransmitters. These are chemicals that pass from neuron to
neuron. Between neurones there are gaps called synapses. If the
receptors of one neuron are set to receive the neurotransmitters of
another, then the message continues.
8. Genetic Influences over our behaviour Genetic Influences
Genes are passed on from parents to children and they govern
behaviour as well as physical characteristics. Children receive
(approx.) half their genes from their fathers and half from their
mothers. The human genome has recently been decoded, which means
that all genes have been identified. Does not mean the function of
each gene is known because it is often the combination or the
position of genes that leads to certain characteristics, rather
than one particular gene.
9. Hormonal Influences over our behaviour Hormonal Transmission
Hormones are another way messages are passed around the body. These
send messages more slowly than neurotransmitters and are used for
different purposes. Hormones have a large part to play in our
development as either male or female for example, ANDROGENS are
male and OESTROGEN is female.
10. The Neurone
11. The Synapse
12. 1 Vesicles release neurotransmitter into synaptic
cleft
13. 2 Neurotransmitter binds to receptors & activates
them
14. 3 Excess neurotransmitter is taken up by the pre-synaptic
neurone
15. 4 Enzymes are released to break down the remaining
neurotransmitter
16. 5 Vesicles are replenished with new & reused
neurotransmitter
17. Prozac Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor
18. Illustration 1 shows how this works in a healthy nerve
transmission process
19. Illustration 2 shows the process when Major Depression is
present. Note that fewer Serotonin molecules are present in the
synaptic cleft and hence fewer make it to the next neuron to make
it "fire."
20. Illustration 3 shows how an SSRI drug blocks the reuptake
of Serotonin thus causing the concentration in the synaptic cleft
to be increased. Consequently more serotonin makes it to the
receptor sites on the next nerve cell and the functioning returns
to normal.
21. Describe how neurotransmitters work differently in a person
with depression. Include an explanation of synaptic transmission in
your answer and give a reason for the difference.
22. Must be able to define (AO1) the central nervous system,
synapse, neurones and neurotransmitters. Must be able to describe
(AO1) how the synapse, receptors, neurons and neurotransmitters
pass messages Should be able to describe (AO1) and evaluate (AO2)
the biological approach to understanding depression.
23. Emailing a friend Imagine your are emailing a friend who
has depression and who does not know much about psychology and
describing to them how the biological approach would explain their
depression.
24. Lesson Objectives By the end of the lesson you Must be able
to compare (AO2) the biological and cognitive explanations of
depression. Should be able to mark a 12 mark question and give
feedback on it.
25. There are many explanations for depression including
biological ones. Describe one explanation for depression and
compare this with one other explanation. Comparisons include
considering similarities and/or differences. [12] *in the exam they
cannot specifically name depression.
26. Must be able to compare (AO2) the biological and cognitive
explanations of depression. Should be able to mark a 12 mark
question and give feedback on it.