Upload
iaeme-publication
View
11
Download
5
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.
International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET)Volume 8, Issue 1, January 2017, pp.
Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/issues.asp?JType=IJCIET&VType=8&IType=1
ISSN Print: 0976-6308 and ISSN Online: 0976
© IAEME Publication Scopus
A STUDY ON REPLACEME
PG Student, Civil Engineering
Assistant Professor, Civil Engineering Department,
ABSTRACT
Background/Objectives: Water utilisation is the major technological trend in today’s era.
India is one of the leading producers of rice and one of its by product rice husk that is obtained
during its processing is used mostly as fuel in boilers. With
concept of new development and thinking, the present paper is done by replacement of cement
with rise husk ash (RHA) partially which is an environmental threat is being introduced to
concrete mix to reduce the land damage. Addition of RHA may influe
Findings: Concrete mix with different percentages of RHA (i.e., 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%,
20%&25%) the grade used is M25and strength of 7days and 28days are determined by the
codal provision. Applications/Improvements:
main concept of using RHA is economical.
in near future has a wide range of importance will exist.
Key words: Rice husk ash, OPC, Mechanical properties.
Cite this Article: Ch. Eka Sai
Rice Husk Ash. International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology
723–727.
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/issues.asp?JType=IJCIET&VType=8&IType=1
1. INTRODUCTION
Cement is one of the main ingredient of Concrete. Cement is responsible for 5% of global warming.
During manufacturing of cement, one of the green house gases CO
minimized by using pozzolonas as replacement of cement. Some of the research
use industrial wastes such as fly ash, ggbs etc and agro waste like rice husk ash, sugar cane bagasse
ash, ground nut shell ash etc were replaced in cement partially. Various researchers had proved rice
husk having good pozzolonic properties. India is the second largest country producing rice. Rice husk
is the by product obtained in rice mills. Nearly 20
grains. Around 20 million tonnes of Rice husk ash is obtained per annum. Its dispo
IJCIET/index.asp 723
International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET) Volume 8, Issue 1, January 2017, pp. 723–727 Article ID: IJCIET_08_01_085
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/issues.asp?JType=IJCIET&VType=8&IType=1
6308 and ISSN Online: 0976-6316
Scopus Indexed
A STUDY ON REPLACEMENT OF CEMENT WITH
RICE HUSK ASH
Ch. Eka Sai Kumar
PG Student, Civil Engineering Department,
K L University, A. P, India
V. Raju
Assistant Professor, Civil Engineering Department,
K L University, A. P, India
Water utilisation is the major technological trend in today’s era.
India is one of the leading producers of rice and one of its by product rice husk that is obtained
during its processing is used mostly as fuel in boilers. With Methods/ Statistical analysi
concept of new development and thinking, the present paper is done by replacement of cement
with rise husk ash (RHA) partially which is an environmental threat is being introduced to
concrete mix to reduce the land damage. Addition of RHA may influe
Concrete mix with different percentages of RHA (i.e., 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%,
20%&25%) the grade used is M25and strength of 7days and 28days are determined by the
Applications/Improvements: The strength properties ar
main concept of using RHA is economical. In present scenario it may be a unique concept but
in near future has a wide range of importance will exist.
: Rice husk ash, OPC, Mechanical properties.
Ch. Eka Sai Kumar and V. Raju, A Study on Replacement of Cement with
International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/issues.asp?JType=IJCIET&VType=8&IType=1
the main ingredient of Concrete. Cement is responsible for 5% of global warming.
During manufacturing of cement, one of the green house gases CO2 is emitted. This problem can be
minimized by using pozzolonas as replacement of cement. Some of the research
use industrial wastes such as fly ash, ggbs etc and agro waste like rice husk ash, sugar cane bagasse
ash, ground nut shell ash etc were replaced in cement partially. Various researchers had proved rice
perties. India is the second largest country producing rice. Rice husk
is the by product obtained in rice mills. Nearly 20-30% of Rice husk is obtained for one tonne of rice
grains. Around 20 million tonnes of Rice husk ash is obtained per annum. Its dispo
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/issues.asp?JType=IJCIET&VType=8&IType=1
NT OF CEMENT WITH
Water utilisation is the major technological trend in today’s era.
India is one of the leading producers of rice and one of its by product rice husk that is obtained
Statistical analysis: The
concept of new development and thinking, the present paper is done by replacement of cement
with rise husk ash (RHA) partially which is an environmental threat is being introduced to
concrete mix to reduce the land damage. Addition of RHA may influence it properties.
Concrete mix with different percentages of RHA (i.e., 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%,
20%&25%) the grade used is M25and strength of 7days and 28days are determined by the
The strength properties are calculated. The
In present scenario it may be a unique concept but
A Study on Replacement of Cement with
International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology, 8(1), 2017, pp.
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/issues.asp?JType=IJCIET&VType=8&IType=1
the main ingredient of Concrete. Cement is responsible for 5% of global warming.
is emitted. This problem can be
minimized by using pozzolonas as replacement of cement. Some of the research works are on going to
use industrial wastes such as fly ash, ggbs etc and agro waste like rice husk ash, sugar cane bagasse
ash, ground nut shell ash etc were replaced in cement partially. Various researchers had proved rice
perties. India is the second largest country producing rice. Rice husk
30% of Rice husk is obtained for one tonne of rice
grains. Around 20 million tonnes of Rice husk ash is obtained per annum. Its disposal is creating lot of
Ch. Eka Sai Kumar and V. Raju
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 724 [email protected]
problems. When it is burned, the obtained material is known as RHA. RHA contains SiO2of nearly 80-
90% responsible for having pozzolonic properties.
In this experimental work rice husk ash replaces cement partially at different proportions such as
0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25%. Tests are conducted on hardened concrete.
2. OBJECTIVES
The primary objectives of the study are
• the practicability of utilizing the Rice Husk Ash in concrete production as partial replacement of cement
• to determine the amount of RHA that can be partially replaced with cement.
3. METHODOLOGY
3.1. MATERIALS
• Cement: Ordinary Portland cement of grade 53 confirmed to requirements of IS: 1229-1987 with
specific gravity of 3.15.
• Fine aggregate: Locally available river sand satisfying requirement of IS: 383-1980. Specific gravity is
2.58
• Coarse aggregate: Crushed angular aggregate of nominal size 20mm.specific gravity is 2.80
• Water: Water confirming to IS 456-2009
• Rice husk ash: Collected from Guntur rice mill. It is burned under controlled temperature and sieved
by 150 micron sieve. Specific gravity is 2.05.
3.2 Mix design
Mix design is done as per IS:10262. The mix proportion taken is 1:1:2 with water cement ratio of 0.42
3.3 Casting
A total of 108 specimens are casted where 36 specimens are cubes, 36 specimens are beams and 36
specimens are cylinders and left for 24 hours respectively.
3.4 Curing
After 24 hours of casting concrete mix samples are removed from moulds and cured for 7and 28 days.
3.5 Testing
The strength tests i.e., compression test, split tensile test, flexural test conducted for 7days and 28 days
as per Indian Standards.
4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
As per IS standards tests are conducted such as compression test, split tensile test and flexural test.
After conducting tests the average of three samples are noted in tables and plotted in graphs for
percentages of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% which are as shown in graphs (figure1, 2, 3) below
for 7 days and 28 days
A Study on Replacement of Cement with Rice Husk Ash
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 725 [email protected]
Table 1 Chemical composition of RHA
Component % of composition
SiO2 86.91
Al2O3 0.5
Fe2O3 0.87
CaO 1.04
MgO 0.85
Na2O 0.69
K2O 3.16
Table 2 Compressive strength in N/mm2
0% 5%, 10% 15%, 20% 25%,
7 days 19.78 21.97 24.89 17.82 15.75 8.26
28 days 31.75 35.78 32.78 24.48 22.15 14.46
Table 3 Split tensile strength in N/mm2
0% 5%, 10% 15%, 20% 25%,
7 days 1.40 1.97 2.39 1.03 0.7 0.36
28 days 2.34 2.96 3.38 1.59 1.26 0.81
Table 4 Flexural strength in N/mm2
0% 5%, 10% 15%, 20% 25%,
7 days 2.3 2.95 2.45 2.07 1.15 1.04
28 days 3 4.25 3.75 3.37 2.25 2.05
Ch. Eka Sai Kumar and V. Raju
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 726 [email protected]
Figure 1 Compressive strength for 7 and 28 days
Figure 2 Split tensile strength for 7 and 28 days
Figure 3 Flexural strength for 7 and 28 days
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%Fle
xu
ral
stre
ng
th i
n N
/mm
2
% of cement replaced with RHA
7 days
28 days
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
com
pre
siv
e s
tre
ng
th(N
/mm
2)
% of cement repaced with RHA
7 days
28 days
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
spli
t te
nsi
le t
en
sile
str
en
gth
(N/m
m2)
% of cement replaced with RHA
7 days
28 days
A Study on Replacement of Cement with Rice Husk Ash
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 727 [email protected]
5. CONCLUSIONS
Following are the outcomes drawn from the above study:
• Cement can be replaced with RHA up to range of 0-15%.
• It is clearly shown that RHA has the prospective to be used as partial replacement material for cement
as it has pozzolanic properties
• The problem of disposal of RHA is reduced.
• The greenhouse gas emissions can be reduced up to a major extent by replacing OPC with RHA in
concrete
REFERENCES
[1] Basha, Emhammed A., and Agus S. Muntohar. “Effect of the cement-rice husk ash on the plasticity
and compaction of soil,” Electronic Journal of Geotechnical engineering 8(2003).
[2] Bakar, B.H.A., Putrajaya, R.C. and Abdulaziz H. (2010). Malaysian Saw dust ash – Improving the
Durability and Corrosion resistance of concrete: Pre-review. Concrete Research Letters, 1(1): 6-13,
March 2010.
[3] Bui, D.D.; Hu, J. and Stroeven, P. (2005). Particle Size Effect on the Strength of Rice Husk Ash
Blended Gap-Graded Portland Cement Concrete, Cement and Concrete Composites, Vol. 27, pp
357-366.
[4] De Sensale, G.R. (2006). Strength development of concrete with rice-ash. Cement & Concrete
Composites, 28; 158-160.
[5] Ganeshan, K., Rasagopal, K., Thangavel, K., Sarawathi. V. And Selvaraj, R. “Rice Husk Ash”,
Journal, Indian Cement Review, May-04
[6] Gemma Rodriguez de Sensale, “Strength development of concrete with rice-husk ash”, Cement &
Concrete Composite, Vol. 28, 2006,158-160
[7] Habeeb, G.A. and Fayyadh, M.M. (2009). Saw dust ash Concrete: The Effect of SDA Average
Particle Size Mechanical Properties and Drying Shrinkage. Australian Journal of Basic and Applied
Sciences, 3(3):1616-1622.
[8] Kartini, K. (2011). Rice Husk Ash- Pozzolanic Material for Sustainability. International Journal of
Applied Science and Technology. Vol. 1, No 6.
[9] Lee,S.T., Moon,H.Y. and Swamy,R.N.(2005), Sulphate Attack and Role of Silica Fume in
Resisting Strength Loss;Cementan Concrete Composites,Vol 27;pp:65-76.
[10] Malhotra, V.M. and Mehta, P.K. (2004). Pozzolanic and Cementitious Materials. London: Taylor &
Francis
[11] Michael, R. (2009). Discovery new rice concrete cement - greenhouse emissions.
[12] Shafiq, N., Austriaco, L.R. and Nimityongskul, P. (1988). Durability of natural fibers in RHA
mortar. Journal of Ferrocement, Volume 18, No. 3, Asian Institute of Technology, Thailand. 249-
262.
[13] Abdullah Anwar, Sabih Ahmad, Yusuf Jamal and M.Z. Khan, Assessment of Liquefaction Potential
of Soil Using Multi-Linear Regression Modeling, International Journal of Civil Engineering and
Technology, 7(1), 2016, pp. 373-415.
[14] Akpila, S. B. and Omunguye, I. W. Derivative of Stress Strain, Deviatoric Stress and Undrained
Cohesion Models Based on Soil Modulus of Cohesive Soils. International Journal of Civil
Engineering and Technology, 6(7), 2015, pp 34-43.
[15] John Paul V. and Antony Rachel Sneha M., Effect of Random Inclusion of Bamboo Fibers on
Strength Behaviour of Flyash Treated Black Cotton Soil. International Journal of Civil Engineering
and Technology, 7(5), 2016, pp.153–160.