Chapter 1 mass balance series of lecture of bioprocess engineering

02/05/2023

Bioprocess Engineering

Chapter 1. Concept of material and energy Balance

Made by Sapan Anand

02/05/2023Made by Sapan Anand

Specialization of chemical engineering Bringing Engineering to life Dealing with design and development of

equipment and processes for manufacturing of products such as food, pharmaceuticals and polymers from biological materials

Bioprocess Engineering


Food Pharmaceuticals Polymers Enzymes Biochemicals Waste treatment

Products:


Based on Law of conservation of mass. Mass cannot be created or destroyed.

Concept of Material and Energy Balance:


System and surroundingsSystem: Part of Universe that is under consideration

Surroundings: All space outside system


Types of System:


A process causes change in system or surroundings.

3 types of processes: i.) Batch ii.) Fed Batch iii.) Continuous

Processes in Bioprocess:


A batch fermentation system is a closed system. At time t=0, the sterilized nutrient solution in the fermenter is inoculated with microorganisms and incubation is allowed to proceed at a suitable temperature and gaseous environment for a suitable period of time.

In continuous fermentation an open system is set up. Sterile nutrient solution is added to the bioreactor continuously and an equivalent amount of converted nutrient solution with microorganisms is simultaneously taken out of the system.

The fed batch method is characterized by the addition of small concentrations at the beginning of the fermentation and these substances continue to be added in small doses during the fermentation process.

Processes in Bioprocess:


3 different Bioprocesses:


System on which mass balance is performed

3 Basic Categories 1. Mass in2. Mass out3. Mass stored

Bioreactor


Mass balance based on rates is called a differential balance.

Unsteady state equation:

Mass Balance

Steady state =>Mass in = Mass out