Contiki Project about RPL Protocol in WSN

Soultana Ellinidou UnderGraduate Student at University of Western Macedonia , Kozani Department of Engineering Informatics & Telecommunications

Introduction: Contiki platform Οpen source operating system for the Internet of Things. Focus on low-power wireless Internet of Things devices. Provides powerful low-power Internet communication. Supports fully standard IPv6 and IPv4, along with the recent low-power wireless standards: 6lowpan, RPL, CoAP.

Cooja simulator Contiki networks can be emulated before burned into hardware.

Easy and fast development: Contiki applications are written in standard C.

Introduction: RPL Protocol IPv6 routing protocol for Low power and Lossy Networks

M2H &H2H Forms a tree like topology Supports both upward and downward routing RPL is responsible for getting routing info and forwarding packets

Needs to be optimized to gain performance and utilize constrained resources

DODAG

Introduction: How RPL Protocol works

RPL uses 3 control messages:DODAG Information Object (DIO)DODAG Information Solicitation (DIS)DODAG Advertisement Object (DAO)

The path selection is provided by Objective Functions based on routing metric and constraints:

OF0 (hop count)ETX (Expected Transmission Count)

Client-Relay CodeSets up UDP connection

Check if the mote is client or relay

If it is client, sends packet to UDP server periodically.

If it is relay, wait to receive packet from the client and then to resend it.

Server CodeInitializes RPL DAG

Sets up UDP connection

Waits for packets from client, receives and print them

Cooja Simulator

Cooja Simulator: Mote Output

NetworkDevices that we use in our network:

Zolertia motesCO2 sensor K30Raspberry Pi 2 (Gateway)

Cases:1 server, 1 relay, 1 client1 server, 4 relays, 1 client1 server, 7 relays, 1 client 1 server, 5 relays, 2 clients

1st Experiment (B6 Building)Batteries power supply

2nd Experiment (B6 Building)Nodes Neighbors

S #61 R #62R #62 R#64, R#65,

R#68R #64 R#62, R#65,

R#68R #65 R#64, R#62,

R#68R #68 R#64, R#65,

R#62C #63 R #68

Batteries power supply

3rd Experiment (B6 Building)Nodes Neighbors

S #61 R #66, R#64R #66 R#64, R#69,

R#64,R#65, R#67, R#68

R #62 R#66, R#69, R#64,R#65, R#67, R#68

R #69 R#64, R#66, R#64,R#65, R#67, R#68

R #64 R#64, R#69, R#66,R#65, R#67, R#68

R #65 R#64, R#69, R#64,R#66, R#67, R#68

R #67 R#64, R#69, R#64,R#65, R#66, R7#68

R #68 R#64, R#69, R#64,R#65, R#67, R#66

C #63 R#66, R#68

Batteries power supply

3rd Experiment (B6 Building)

4th Experiment (B6 Building)Batteries power supply

4th Experiment

5th Experiment CTTC Building:Ground floor: 5 relies, 1 client, 1 Co2 sensor, 1 raspberry pi

1st floor: 2 relies, 1 server , 1 raspberry pi

Plug power supply

5th Experiment (B4 Building) Client is sending a packet every 10 seconds

Running time: During the day

6th Experiment (B4 Building) Client is sending a packet every 20 seconds

Running time: During the day

7th Experiment (B4 Building)Client is sending a packet every 60 seconds

Running time: From 6pm until10am

8th Experiment (B4 Building) Client is sending a packet every 120 seconds

Running time: 2days

Network MetricsHistograms of simulation, that was running during the morning

Frequency: 10sec Frequency: 20sec

Network MetricsHistograms of simulation, that was running during days

Frequency: 60sec Frequency: 120sec

Network MetricsResults about Packet loss of different frequencies

Future WorkComplete the RPL tests in your network for more settings(frequencies, time, number of motes).

Add a sensor to track the movement in the stairs.

Make a script to restart the client and server motes in the same time.

Communication between different network layer protocols.

Thank you for your attention.