Design of Accident Detection and Alert

System for Motor Cycles

Presented By,Guided By,

Althaf ANishadha S G

S7 CSEAsst.Professor

2

CONTENTS

• Abstract.

• Introduction.

• System Layout.

• System Implementation.

• Hardware Architecture.

• Software Architecture.

• Flowchart.

• Conclusion.

3

ABSTRACT

• Detect accident.

• 3 parameters - Acceleration / Deceleration

Tilt of the Vehicle

Pressure change / Impact

• Coordinates of the vehicle – GPS Technology.

4

INTRODUCTION

• Millions of vehicles are being produced annually.

• The accident rates are also getting significantly increased .

• Every second waiting for the medical help can cost the victims their life.

• Self automated electronic system will be more reliable.

• Explicitly designed for motorcycles.

• The hardware part is implemented on a motorcycle and the software part in a tablet/mobile phone etc….

5

SYSTEM LAYOUT

• Small embedded unit fitted in the safest position

• Identifies the current location.

• An alert message send to emergency services and relatives .

• Emergency switch .

• Alarm and a flashing light

Detecting the

Accident

Finding the coordinate

s

Sending the

required info

6

SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION

• Accelerometer and an impact sensor are used here in order to detect the plausibility of an accident.

• Tilt meter is also used to find the inclination of the motorcycle

• GPS to detect the location of the accident

• Alert message is send through GSM network (using SIM300).

• Modules and other parts of the system are centrally controlled using a micro controller.

Satellite

Two Wheeler Friends/

Relatives

Nearest medical Centre

Police Station

7

Hardware Architecture

• Triple axis accelerometer MMA7341

• Measure deceleration.

• Low power and profile .Also includes a sleep mode.

• Output only in the x-axis which is the running direction is used in this system .

• Tilt meter.

• Measure Inclination.

• Simple pendulum tilt meter.

• Can be replaced using a mercury tilt meter which will be smaller than a thumb.

.

8

Hardware Architecture Contd..

• Flexible piezo film sensor.

• used for measuring the physical impact.

• 3 grams .

• Has a good sensitivity of 10mV/g.

• Has a frequency range of 1Hz to 20 kHz .

• Can survive a shock up to 1000g (g=9.8m/s2).

9

GPS Module

• High gain GTPA006 module that uses NMEA0183 GPS technology.

• Is a standalone GPS Module and requires no external settings or components.

• An ultra high sensitive and smart antenna GPS module.

• Embedded with GPS (Global Positioning System) antenna.

• Enables high performance navigation in most stringent applications and solid fix even in harsh GPS visibility environments.

• The two main data that we get from the GPS module are-

• current date and time based on Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) 

• our current position coordinate in terms of latitude and longitude.

10

GSM SIM300

• The SIM300 is a all in one GSM/GPRS engine that works on frequencies EGSM 900 MHz, DCS 1800 MHz and PCS1900 MHz.

• The physical interface to the mobile application is made through a 60 pins board-to-board connector, which provides all hardware interfaces between the module and customers’ boards except the RF antenna interface.

• The keypad and SPI LCD interface will give you the flexibility to develop customized applications.

11

Software Architecture and Decision making Algorithm

• Software solution used is divided into three sub parts

• Detection of accident based on an algorithm.

• Snipping out a specific section from the stream of data output from the GPS module.

• Formatting and sending of alert message consisting of current location and pre-stored vehicle information.

12

Flowchart

Motorcycle Starts

Send Message + LocationPut-On Alarm and

Flashlight

GPS Input

Piezo Sensor Impact > 60N

Accelerometer acceleration

>60g

Emergency Switch

Tilt > 60o

NO

YES

YES

YES

ON

13

PROTOTYPE DESIGN

• The MMA7431 and Piezo film sensor give analog voltage outputs corresponding to the deceleration and impact.

• A deceleration above 2.5g is not likely to occur during a normal bike ride.

• An output of 2.8V is obtained from the accelerometer.

• A comparator circuit with a reference voltage of 2.8V is used to detect this.

• A similar method is followed for the impact sensor

• The reference voltage set to 1V.

• Corresponding to a force of 100g.

14

• The tilt meter output is a digital signal and is directly interfaced to the micro controller.

• When the accident is confirmed, the controller talks to GPS module through the UART communication at 9600 baud rate.

• The GSM module also works via the UART at the same baud rate as that of GPS

• The communication is initiated via AT commands.

• GPS and GSM are operated with a single UART channel in the micro controller.

• Power for all the devices is taken from the vehicle battery.

15

PROTOTYPE TESTING AND DISCUSSION

• The prototype is implemented on a tricycle

• Tested for various scenarios like normal breaking, sudden breaking and collisions.

• Observed that the alert message is send only during collision scenarios as expected.

• The alert message received on the mobile phone is shown

16

CHALLENGES FACED

• Deceleration.

• Impact value.

• Safety of the System.

• Positioning of sensor.

17

SUGGESTED IMPROVEMENTS

• The deceleration in the remaining directions(y and z axis).

• An intermediate dedicated system server placed between the GSM device and end clients.

• Send out a voice message along with the text.

• Dedicated network.`

18

CONCLUSION

• Proves the feasibility of implementing automatic accident alert system for motorcycles.

• Accident information reached the emergency services within seconds

• Significantly improve the time gap for rescue operation and save the lives of huge number of victims

• Should be a well structured 'system in place', to support this endeavour.

• Should be a central node which accepts the alert message and take necessary action.

• Coordination between this central node and other services like ambulance, police force, hospitals and other medical facilities, social forms etc. is also necessary.

• System has a lot of potential to improve the accident rescue operations and with better resources and innovations

19

REFERENCES

• [1]. Victor Olugbemiga Matthews and Emmanuel Adetiba; Vehicle Accident Alert and Locator (VAAL); International Journal of Electrical &

• Computer Sciences IJECS-IJENS Vol: 11 No: 02

• [2]. Scott J. Weiner; Feasibility of a 802.11 VANET Based Car Accident Alert System;

• Northeastern University

• [3]. Road Accidents In India 2009 – Government of India, Ministry of road transport and highways, transport research wing, New Delhi

• [4] K. Shiraram, K.V. Kalligudd, “Development and Demonstration of a GPS/GSM Based Affordable Fleet Management System for Indian Roadways”[Online], Available:liu.divaportal.org/smash/get/diva2:22123 /FULLTEXT01.pdf

• [5]Megan Bayly, Brian Fildes, Michael Regan, Kristie Young , “Review of crash effectiveness of Intelligent Transport Systems” Project No. 027763 – TRACE

• [6]B. Huang and J. Preston, “A Literature Review on Motorcycle Collisions”, Transport Studies Unit Oxford University April 2004

20

21

THANK YOU