MINIMUM ENERGY PERFORMANCE STANDARDS FOR

BOILERS FOR PROMOTING ENERGY EFFICIENCY

BOILER EFFICIENCY

EVALUATION METHOD

INDIRECT METHOD DIRECT METHOD

DIRECT METHOD Boiler efficiency (): = Q x (H – h) x 100

(q x GCV)

Where Q = Quantity of steam generated per hour (kg/hr) H = Enthalpy of saturated steam (kcal/kg) h = Enthalpy of feed water (kcal/kg) q = Quantity of fuel used per hour (kg/hr) GCV = Gross calorific value of the fuel (kcal/kg)

Boiler Flue gas

Steam Output

Efficiency = 100 – (1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8)

(by In Direct Method)

Air

Fuel Input, 100%

1. Dry Flue gas loss

2. H2 loss

3. Moisture in fuel

4. Moisture in air

5. CO loss

7. Fly ash loss

6. Surface loss

8. Bottom ash loss

INDIRECT METHOD

IS 13979 : 1994 – METHOD OF CALCULATION

OF EFFICIENCY OF PACKAGED

BOILERS

BS 845–1 : 1987 – METHODS OF ASSESSING

THERMAL PERFORMANCE OF

BOILERS FOR STEAM, HOT WATER &

HIGH TEMPERATURE HEAT

TRANSFER FLUIDS

ASME PTC 4.1 – TEST CODE FOR STEAM

GENERATING UNITS

ALL THREE STANDARDS EVALUATE BY

INDIRECT METHOD

CONVERGENCE IN EVALUATION PROCESS OF

ALL THREE TEST PROTOCOLS

ASME PTC 4.1 - USED FOR HIGH CAPACITY

STEAM BOILERS USED IN POWER GENERATION

S.No. Loss Reference IS 13979 :

1994

BS 845-1 :

1987

ASME - PTC

4.1

ASME – PTC 4.1

(Abbreviated)

1. Loss due to flue gas

Dry flue gas loss √ √ √ √

Loss due to hydrogen in fuel √ √

√ √

Loss due to moisture in fuel √ √

Losses due to moisture in the air X √ √ X

2. Loss due to combustible in refuse √ √ √ √

3. Losses due to radiation, Convection and Conduction from

boiler surface √ √ √ √

4. Other losses – sensible heat loss from boiler furnace, heat

recovery system, bag filter and dust collector refuse √ X √ X

5. Loss due to unburned gases in the flue gases (CO)

√*

√ √ X

6. Heat loss due to heat pick up by cooling water X √ X

7. Unmeasured/unaccounted losses X X √**

8. Loss due to un-burnt Hydrogen X X √ X

9. Loss due to un-burnt hydrocarbon X X √ X

* Assumed between 0.1 to 0.3% ** As mutually agreed up on

S. No. Particulars IS 13979 : 1994 BS 845-1 : 1987 ASME – PTC 4.1

(Abbreviated)

1 Calorific Value GCV or NCV GCV or NCV Only GCV

2 Type of fuel Solid or liquid fuels Solid, Liquid or

Gaseous fuels Any Single Fuel

3 Test duration

Solid Fuels 6 Hours 2 Hours 4 Hours

Liquid or Gaseous Fuel 4 Hours 1 Hour 4 Hours

4 Frequency of observation 15 Minutes 10 Minutes 15 Minutes

5 Radiation Loss estimation Based on table for standard

boiler types

Based on table for

standard boiler

types

Based on ABMA chart

6 Corrections Applicable for deviations

from specified conditions No provision

Applicable for

deviations from

specified conditions

7 Unit System Used M.K.S. S.I. F.P.S.

S.No. Construction Type Efficiency on N.C.V. Exit flue gas temperature (°C)

1 Oil fired smoke tube 87 200-220

2 Oil fired water tube 89 160-180

3 Gas fired smoke tube 87 220

4 Gas fired water tube 89 160

5 Coal fired stationary grate 75 220

6 Coal fired travelling grate 78 180

7 Coal fired F.B.C. 83 180

8 Biomass fired stationary grate 75 220-260

9 Biomass fired travelling grate 78 160-180

10 Biomass fired F.B.C. 80 160-180

11 Power station steam generator 91.5/88 (on G.C.V.) 140

STANDARDS & LABELING IS A PROMINENT

AND POWERFUL INSTRUMENT FOR

PROMOTING ENERGY EFFICIENCY.

BUREAU OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY (BEE)

HAS ALREADY IMPLEMENTED S & L

PROGRAMS FOR REFRIGERATORS, TFLS,

ACs, TRANSFORMERS, MOTORS, PUMPS,

FANS, TV, LPG STOVE, WATER GEYSERS,

WASHING MACHINES AND LAPTOPS.

AROUND 1500 BOILERS ARE SOLD PER YEAR

OF CAPACITY UP TO 10 TPH.

CONSIDERING EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT

OF 2-4 % SAVING OF 3.2 MILLION MTOE

(METRIC TONNE OF OIL EQUIVALENT) AND

CO2 REDUCTION OF 11 MILLION TONNES

OVER A PERIOD OF 10 YEARS CAN BE

ACHIEVED.