Performance of gas turbine power plant

Presented by:

Sairaj shelke (S.Y.E.E.)

An ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING STUDENTof LOKMANYA TILAK COLLEGE OF

ENGINEERING KOPAR KHAIRANE, NAVI MUMBAI(MUMBAI UNIVERSITY)

INTRODUCTION

Today, gas turbines are one of the most widely-used power generating technologies. A gas turbine is a machine delivering mechanical power. A large amount of heat remains in the exhaust gas. By recovering that waste heat to produce more useful work in a combined cycle configuration, gas turbine power plant efficiency can reach 55 to 60 percent.

HISTORY…•The first gas turbine for power generation became operational in 1939 in Switzerland. •It was developed by the company Brown Boveri.• They were therefore used to provide power at peak loads.• After world war 2, gas turbine developed rapidly. It therefore soon became the primary choice for many applications.

BASIC IDEA

MAIN COMPONENTS

Filter Compressor Regenerator Combustion chamber Gas turbine Alternator Starting motor

Block Diagram:-

INDUSTRIAL GAS TURBINE

OPERATION

Inlet section Compressor Combustion system Exhaust system

CO-generation system

TYPES OF GAS TURBINE POWER PLANT

The gas turbine power plants can be classified mainly into two categories.They are:- 1. Open cycle gas turbine power plant. 2. Closed cycle gas turbine power plant.

OPEN CYCLE GAS TURBINE POWER PLANT

In this type of plant the atmospheric air is charged into the combustor through a compressor and the exhaust of the turbine also discharge to the atmosphere.

OPEN CYCLE GAS TURBINE POWER PLANT

CLOSED CYCLE GAS TURBINE POWER PLANT

In this type of power plant, the mass of air is constant or another suitable gas used as working medium, circulates through the cycle over and over again. Combustion products do not come in contact with the working fluid and thus remain closed.

CLOSED CYCLE GAS TURBINE POWER PLANT

Fuel Important properties:It should have better calorific valueSelf lubrication propertyAvailable at low costIt’s volatility in appreciable valueWell Purified

Fuel Various types:Natural gas (for industrial applications)High grade gasoline (for aircraft applications)Kerosene (dodecane)Blast furnace gas of steel millsResidual oils as residue of crude oilHeavy oils

Operation of gas turbine Starting:It is not self startedAuxiliary power sourceUse of I.C. engine, electrical Motor, Anther prime mover(like steam turbine) Shut down:It take place quicklyPassed cold through it to avoid chilling effect

On the way of Advance technologyFor higher efficiency(thermal), Increase in maximum cycle temperatureDiversification of fuelsResearch for lowering contamination & pollution.

AdvantagesGreat power to weight ratioSimple in designUseful where scarcity of waterVery low emission of CO & HCCan run on various fuelsHigh speed operationLow lubricating cost

DisadvantagesExpensive More fuel consumptionTough problem in designing and manufacturing gas turbine.

ApplicationVery much suitable as peck load plantIt very much economical to run as base load plantUse as auxiliary power supply for thermal power plantUse in high speed carsAircraft , shipTrains, tanks , marine applications