MITRC

A PRESENTATION ON

Natural disaster and safety risks at nuclear power station

PRESENTED BYMADHUSUDAN SHARMA

HEMANT SONI INDRAMOHAN SHARMA

MOHIT SINGH

PRESENTATION OVERVIEW….1. Introduction2. Nuclear power plant : a brief view3. Safety risks at nuclear power plant4. Nuclear power plant and natural disasters5. Flood and nuclear power plant6. Earthquake and nuclear power plant7. hurricane or tornado and nuclear power plant8. Existence of nuclear power plant on today9. references

INTRODUCTION Now a day every country is moving towards development and this

development is mostly signified by technology development and power Generation. power generation is more important for developing countries. In the same row nuclear power plant is very important to fulfill the future’s energy requirement because it produces large amount of power from a small amount of uranium and it is also eco friendly. But the safety risks at nuclear power plant are major concern on these days. Nuclear power plants are very sensitive to natural disasters . so a no. of precautions should be taken to run a power plant properly . In the above study we will take a basic idea of nuclear power plant and then discuss in detail about the effect of each natural disasters on nuclear power plant and the operation performed to reduce any risk.

Power plant layout and Constituents of Nuclear

SAFETY RISKS AT NUCLEAR POWER PLANT……

In all nuclear power plants a fission process take place

due to which large amount of heat produces which is used to boil the water. The main problem with this plant is that during fission process gamma radiations are released . Nuclear waste both high level , low level and solid waste-

1. Disposal of Fission fragment- These are basically the waste material which are highly harmful radioactive material

and also the by products after fission reaction.2. Disposal of solid waste- It is primarily uncomposed of unconverted uranium as well as significant quantities of

tranceurenic actinides. In addition about 3% of it is fission products from nuclear reactions.

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BASIC EQUATION IN NUCLEAR REACTION 238U + neutron fission fragments + 2.4 neutrons +192.9

MEV+ gamma radiation [10]

2.1 high level radio active waste Every year about 10000 metric tons of high level radioactive waste is being created by nuclear

fleet. Two main products techenitium-99 and iodine -129 take around million years to decompose. Dumping of these radioactive elements without proper management and precaution would leads to a serious impact on human habitation low.

2.2 level radio active waste- The nuclear industries also producing low level radioactive waste in form of contaminated

materials. Due to this all the human habitation around the nuclear power plants are facing inheriting diseases like cancer, hart attack etc.

3. Problems in disposing nuclear waste- So proper isolation of these waste from the environment until the hazard is no longer exists.

This isolation period depends on the kind of waste. Waste is mainly stored at individual sites and there are over 430 locations around the world where radioactive materials continue to accumulate

4. Radiation around the nuclear power plant- But radiations released by nuclear power plants are radioactive and if they directly impose on

a human body dreadful diseases like cancer may be prevalent . Reports say that eventually a nuclear power plant generating power continuously for one year may result in few hundreds of deaths which occur without any failures in the generation but purely due to radiations.

nuclear power plant and disasters

NUCLEAR POWER PLANT AND FLOOD

STUDY :- 1999 blayais nuclear power plant flood

The 1999 Belaya's Nuclear Power Plant flood was a flood that took place on the evening of December 27, 1999. It was caused when a combination of the tide and high winds in Blayais Nuclear Power Plant in France being overwhelmed.

The event resulted in the loss of the plant's off-site power supply and knocked out several safety-related systems

The incident illustrated the potential for flooding to damage multiple items of equipment throughout a plant, weaknesses in safety measures, systems and procedures, and resulted in fundamental changes to the evaluation of flood risk at nuclear power plants and in the precautions taken.

Following the events at Blayais, a new method of evaluating flood risk was developed. Instead of evaluating only the five factors required by Rule RFS I.2.e (river flood, dam failure, tide, storm surge and tsunami), a further eight factors are now also evaluated.

• On December 27, 1999, a combination of the incoming tide and exceptionally high winds produced by Storm Martin caused a sudden rise of water in the estuary, flooding parts of the plant.[

France location map Regions and

Nuclear power plant and earthquake

Earthquake and nuclear power plant

Earthquakes are produces due to the movement of rocks in earth or some external regions.

These movements can harm the power plant to a large level, which can cause a power plant disaster.

these earthquake can cause power plant units or damage the reactors which can cause the radiation.

Fukushima-daichi is also example of nuclear disaster which is caused due to the eartquake or flood due to many natural reasons.

Effect and aftermaths of flood on nuclear power plant

AFTERMATH-1. That buildings containing equipment important for

safety should be built on a surface at least as high as the highest water level.

2. A safety margin and that any such buildings below this level should be sealed to prevent water ingress. Following the events at Blayais , a new method of evaluating flood risk was developed. Instead of evaluating only the five factors required by Rule RFS I.2.e (river flood, dam failure, tide, storm surge and tsunami), a further eight factors are now also evaluated

Nuclear power plant and tornados

Nuclear power plant in today’s scenerio

• After studying the nuclear power plant, releted safty factors, various disasters, their impact on plant and safety precautions. It can be said that nuclear power plants are required to fulfill the energy requirment of a contary butthere are some limitations of use also………

• Nuclear energy is not the solution for future’s energy but we have to move towards the renewable sources of energy.

REFERENCES1. Namex International Journal of Management Research ( Vol. No. 2, Issue No. 1, Jan-June 2012) 2. Natural Disasters and Safety Risks at Nuclear Power

Stations (November 2004 by Paul Gunter)3. The Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident: OECD/NEA Nuclear Safety Response and Lessons Learnt4. slideshare.com5. Authorstream.com

THANKS…..