GREEN TECHNOLOGYECO CITIES

&CARBON FOOTPRINTS

By: Ashima Datta3712047SRI VENAKTESWARA COLLEGE

WHAT IS GREEN TECHNOLOGY • YESTERDAY - The word technology comes from two Greek words,

techne and logos. Techne means art, skill, craft, or the way by which a thing is gained. Logos means word. So, literally, technology means words or discussion about the way things are gained.

• TODAY- term “Technology" refers to the application of knowledge for practical purposes.

GREEN TECHNOLOGY

Green technology acts to reduce contaminants and harmful processes through directly counteracting them,

or through altering the conditions that create them.It is the technology which is environmentally friendly,

developed and used in such a way so that it doesn’t disturb our environment and conserves natural

resources

Old wine in a new bottle?• Since ancient times, people have harnessed the winds energy. Over 5,000

years ago, the ancient Egyptians used wind to sail ships on the Nile River. By 200 B.C., simple windmills in China were pumping water, while vertical-axis windmills with woven reed sails were grinding grain in Persia and the Middle East The earliest known windmills were in Persia (Iran).

ANCIENT PERSIAN VERTICAL AXIS WINDMILLS

GRAY WATER TREATMENT IN 956BC

• The people of Ancient Jerusalem used this system too, they were at a high elevation, and to get water they would use a series of pipes, tunnels, and aqueducts to transfer water from near by mountains. They would then save the clean waste water, and transfer that water out to be used to irrigate the land around them. That is why, I think that gray-water plumbing is more Eco-friendly than modern day irrigation, as it does not use extra water or electricity to irrigate surrounding land.

ADVANCED GRAY WATER TREATMENT

Located in Southwestern Colorado, the Mesa Verde National Park cliff dwellings highlight the southern-facing cliff villages that were

formerly inhabited by the ancient Anasazi culture in 600 – 1300 A.D.

PASSIVE SOLAR DESIGNS

SIMILARLY 1. Renewable Geothermal Heat Energy - Ancient Roman Thermal Baths2. Hawa Mahal – natural air conditioned surrounding

What are the goals of green technology?

• Sustainability - meeting the needs of society in ways that can continue indefinitely into the future without damaging or depleting natural resources. In short, meeting present needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

• "Cradle to cradle" design - ending the "cradle to grave" cycle of manufactured products, by creating products that can be fully reclaimed or re-used.

• Source reduction - reducing waste and pollution by changing patterns of production and consumption.

• Innovation - developing alternatives to technologies - whether fossil fuel or chemical intensive agriculture - that have been demonstrated to damage health and the environment.

• Viability - creating a center of economic activity around technologies and products that benefit the environment, speeding their implementation and creating new careers that truly protect the planet.

•

GREEN CHEMISTRY

GREEN NANOTECHNOLOGY

GREEN BUILDINGS

GREEN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

GREEN ENERGY

WHAT IS GREEN CHEMISTRY? Green chemistry, also called sustainable chemistry, is a philosophy of

chemical research and engineering that encourages the design of products and processes that minimize the use and generation of hazardous

substances.

GOALS

PRINCIPLES OF GREEN CHEMISTRY

Some Examples

Green nanotechnology • Nanotechnology - is the manipulation of matter on an atomic,

molecular and supramolecular scale.• GREEN NANOTECHNOLOGY – use of nanotechnology to

enhance the environmental sustainability of processes producing negative externalities. It also refers to the use of the products of nanotechnology to enhance sustainability.

it includes

Making green Nano products

Using Nano products in support of sustainability.

BASIC OBJECTIVES OF NANOTECHNOLOGY

Using eco-friendly materials

Use of less energy during manufacture

Ability to recycle after use

APPLICATIONS OF NANOTECHNOLOGY

• Restores the soil• Water purification• Hydrogen and solar storage• Stops indoor pollution by paints• Nano photonics

GREEN NANOTECHNOLOGIES

• Nano scale iron – for contaminated soil

BACK

GREEN NANOTECHNOLOGIES

MUTILAYERED CARBON NANO TUBE

BACK

GREEN NANOTECHNOLOGIES BACK

GREEN NANOTECHNOLOGIES

• Thanks to nanophotonics, the study of light's behavior at the nanoscale, nanotechnology has your energy needs covered at home and in the office as well. Researchers have developed windows, paints and film coatings that they can "tune" to reflect or transmit specific wavelengths of solar radiation, including the infrared energy that we experience as heat. It's like turning your whole house into a sun shade during the summer and a space blanket in the winter.

LET’S TUNE OUR WINDOWS

BACK

solar photocatalyt using titanium dioxide nanoparticles

can degrade pollutants like volatile organic compounds

and nitrous oxides and consequently has been used in cement and commercial

paints. Paints enriched with nano titanium dioxide,

replacing organic biocides, are used to keep the surfaces of

buildings clean.

GREEN NANOTECHNOLOGIESBACK

WHAT IS A GREEN BUILDING?

• Green Building, also known as green construction or sustainable building, is the practice of creating structures and using processes that are environmentally responsible and resource-efficient throughout a building's life-cycle.

SITING AND DESIGN CONSTRUCTION OPERATION MAINTENANCE RENOVATION DECONSTRUCTIO

N

ECONOMY UTILITY DURABILITY AND COMFORT

BENEFITS NEGATIVES 1. Lower electric and water utility

costs2. Environmentally effective use

of building materials3. Enhanced health and

productivity4. Long-term economic returns5. Reduced environmental

impact

HIGH COST(but in the long run it gets covered)

Netherland Institute of Ecology

GREEN ENERGY

• Renewable energy comes from natural sources that are constantly and sustainably replenished.

• WIND ENERGY - Wind energy costs about the same as electricity from new coal- and gas-fired power plants. And it's pollution-free.

• SOLAR ENERGY - Inexhaustible and cheaper than ever, solar energy now powers everything from portable radios to homes, stores and neighborhoods..

• BIOGAS ENERGY - Farmers can reduce pollution and generate their own heat and electricity by converting animal waste into a clean-burning gas.

• GEOTHERMAL ENERGY - Reservoirs of steam and hot water beneath the earth's surface hold enormous potential as a renewable energy resource.

• HYDROPOWER - Energy from moving water is the largest source of renewable electricity in the United States. While water is a renewable resource, rivers themselves are not.

• OFFSHORE WIND, WAVE, AND TIDAL ENERGY - Offshore renewable energy holds great promise, and can be developed in a way that protects our ocean resources.

Green computing, Green ICT as per IFG International Federation of Green ICT , is the study and practice of environmentally sustainable computing or IT. This can include designing, manufacturing, using, and disposing of computers, servers, and associated subsystems—such as monitors, printers, storage devices, and networking and communications systems — efficiently and effectively with minimal or no impact on the environment.

GREEN IT

In 1992, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency launched Energy Star, a voluntary labeling program that is designed to promote and recognize energy-efficiency in monitors, climate control equipment, and other technologies. This resulted in the widespread adoption of sleep mode among consumer electronics.

SUSTAINABILITY SCALE

Can something that is unsustainable be altered to become more sustainable?Choose an unsustainable activity and explain how it could be made more sustainable.

Carbon footprintsEcological footprints

Carbon footprints

A measure of the total amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) emissions of a defined population, system or activity, considering all relevant sources, sinks. Calculated as carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e) using the relevant 100-year global warming potential by Wright, Kemp and Williams in Carbon management journal

How to measure carbon footprints?• CO2e, or carbon dioxide equivalent, is a standard

unit for measuring carbon footprints

Sources of carbon footprints

CARBON LABELLINGS, ECO LABELS AND GREEN CERTIFICATES

CAP AND TRADING SYSTEMS

CONCEPT OF CARBON OFFSETS

HOW TO REDUCE YOUR CARBON FOOTPRINTS?

Your turn to suggest some ways

An eco-city is a city built off the principles of living within the means of the environment. The ultimate goal of many eco-cities is to eliminate

all carbon waste, to produce energy entirely through renewable sources, and to incorporate

the environment into the city

ECONOMIC GROWTH

REDUCE POVERTY

PROMOTE EQUALITY

HIGH POPULATION

HOW IT ALL BEGAN The concept of the “eco-city” was born out of an organization named “Urban Ecology.” The group was founded by Richard Register in Berkeley, California in 1975,

I want to reconstruct cities so that they are in balance with nature

They worked to plant trees along the main streets, built solar greenhouses, and worked within the Berkeley legal system to pass environmentally friendly policies . They also took the movement further and hosted the first International Eco-City Conference in Berkeley, California in 1990

Criteria for ECO CITY

• Operates on a self-contained economy, resources needed are found locally

• Has completely carbon-neutral and renewable energy production

• Has a well-planned city layout and public transportation system that makes the priority methods of transportation as follows possible: walking first, then cycling, and then public transportation.

• Resource conservation—maximizing efficiency of water and energy resources, constructing a waste management system that can recycle waste and reuse it, creating a zero-waste system

• Restores environmentally damaged urban areas

• Ensures decent and affordable housing for all socio-economic and ethnic groups and improve jobs opportunities for disadvantaged groups, such as women, minorities, and the disabled

• Supports local agriculture and produce

• Promotes voluntary simplicity in lifestyle choices, decreasing material consumption, and increasing awareness of environmental and sustainability issues

Sino-Singapore Tianjin Eco-city

Auroville- INDIAN ECO CITY

BENEFITS OF ECO CITY1. HEALTHY ENVIRONMENT

2. CULTURAL DIVERSITY

3. SOCIAL EQUITY