Upload
dan-bihn
View
919
Download
1
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
DisasterResiliencecanbeanaffordablebyproductofaSmartEnergyFuture.DanBihn,Engineer-StorytellerOctober2016
DisasterResilienceistechnicallyeasytobuild…
HavingDisasterResiliencepayitswayonadailybasisisthechallenge
Japanmayhavefigureditout
Wouldyoulikealithium-ionbattery thatcanpoweryourhomefor3daysifdisasterstrikesandhelpreduceyourelectricitycostonadailybasis…
September1st becameDisasterPreventionDay.Companiesandcommunitiesoftenhavehands-onfiredrills.MyfriendSugawara-sandemonstratesthatitisseriousbusiness,butfuntoo.It’sapartoflife.
ThisishowJapanmadeitselectricity.
Type AnnualEnergy PeakCapacity
Nuclear 29.2% 20.2%NaturalGas 29.4% 25.5%Coal 24.7% 15.7%Oil 7.6% 19.1%Hydro 7.3% 8.6%PumpedHydro -0.7% 10.6%
TheaggregateconsumptionofelectricityforTokyoonasummerday
Onatypicalsummerday,Tokyo’selectricityusepatternlookslikethis.Notethenotchatnoon.That’swhenmostofficesinJapanplaymusicorringabellsignalingitstimeforlunch.Energy-consciousemployeesturnofflightsandcomputermonitors.Andtheregion’selectricityusagedrops5%.Really.
Thishand-drawngraphshowshowJapangeneratedandusedelectricitybeforethedisaster.Roughly30%Nuclear,30%NaturalGas,25%Coal,7%Oil,8%Hydro.
WhenthesuncameuponMarch11th,2011,Japanwasplanningonincreasingitsdependenceonnuclearpowerfrom30%to50%by2030.
At2:46PMonFriday,March11,2011,amagnitude9.0earthquakestruck70milesoffthecoastofnorthernJapancausingseveraldeathsandtriggeringtheimmediatecollapseofthepowergridinnorthernJapan.
30to90minuteslater,tsunamiwavescameashorekilling20,000peopleandtriggeringthemeltdownof3ofJapan’s54nuclearreactors.
BlackoutArea4PMMarch11,2011
BeforethegroundstartedshakinginTokyo,230milesfromtheepicenter,mostofnorthernHonshu(Tohoku)hadlostpower.
Onesuccessfulstrategyhasbeentoroll-outmeaningfultime-of-useratesthatencourageusingelectricitywhenit’sabundantandavoidusingitwhenit’sscarce.
$$$$$ $
Once-a-monththisgentlemanwalksthisneighborhood…
…readingmeterslikethis(patentedin1888).
Hesometimesusesbinoculars.
Theelectricutilitycompanyknewexactlyhowmuchelectricityyouusedeachmonth.
Thisusedtobeimpressive.
Itwasthebestanyonecoulddo… for100years.
Overthepast5years,Japanhasdoneanimpressivejobrollingoutsmartmetersthatwirelesslyreportconsumptionevery15to30minutes.
Nowthepriceofelectricitycanchangethroughouttheday…
Time Rate(yen/kWh)
11PMà 7AM 11.827AMà 1PM 28.181PMà 4PM 53.164PMà 11PM 28.18
SummerRatesJulythroughSeptember
Nowakilowatt-hourcanvaryfromabout12¢tomorethan50¢overaday.
InthePacificNorthwest,wepayabout10¢.
(Todaytheyenistradingforabout102.8yen/dollar,so1yenisabout1cent.)
Pricesareagoodwaytogetpeople’sattention.
Butcreatingcoolproductscanbeamuchbetterwaytogo.
Q:What’sthereturn-on-investmentofyouriPhone?
A:What?
InOctober,2011– 7monthsafterthedisaster– NissanshowedofftheirLeaf-to-Homeconceptsystematthebiggestconsumertradeshowoftheyear.
PVontheroofofthismodelhomechargesthecarwhenthesunshines.Whenthesungoesdown,powerflowsfromthecartothehome.Nogridneeded.
Pointmade.
Thissmarthomehasahomeenergymanagementsystem(HEMS)thatmanagesheat,cooling,andlightingaswellastheessentialJapanese-stylebath.
Thesehigh-qualityLEDsshownhereareexpectedtooutlastthehome,sotheyarehardwiredintothisfixturemakingitsmallerandmorebeautiful.
WhentheLEDgoesout,youreplacethewholefixture.Butbythenitmightbetimetoreplacethewholehouse.
April1,2016,Japanderegulateditsretailelectricindustry.
ManypunditsintheU.S.thoughtwholesalederegulationshouldbethefirststep(IthinktheJapanesegovernmentthoughtsotoo).Buttheutilitiesfoughtbacksoitdidn’tworkoutthatway.
Thegoodnewsisthatwithsmartmeters,thenewelectricityretailersarecreatingsomereallyinterestingproductsandservices.Alotoftime-of-userateplanshaveemerged.
Themostinterestingprogramsofferadiscountforallowingtheutilitytocontrolyourairconditionerwhenyou’renotathome.
IntegratingEVchargingisnextontheagenda.
Todayyoucanchoosefromhundredsofelectricityproviders– upsignificantlyfromjust1lessthanayearago.Conveniencestores,cellphoneserviceproviders,gasolinecompanies,travelcompanies,smalltowns.
Buylow,sellhigh.Chargeoff-peak,dischargeon-peak.
Dynamicpricingisunlockingthevalueofbatterystorage–stationaryandmobile.
Batteriesaresoldasawaytosavemoney.And,bytheway,theyareveryusefulincaseofdisaster.
So….