Asst. Prof. Goran Krajačić, University of ZagrebBridging the gap:

sustainable energy actions from planning to implementation

8th February, 2017, Brussels

Wind energy Solar energy Eco living Water energy Efficiency

Accelerating renewables

The sole responsibility for the content of this material lies with the authors. It does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Union. Neither the EASME nor the European Commission are responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained therein.

Where are we? Baseline is important.

Technology price reduction can help

Source: IEA PVPS, Trends 2016 in Photovoltaic Applications, report IEA PVPS T1-30: 2016

International agreements and national laws

Maybe fear or awareness can help?

We know it will be paid off but?

Source: IEA Energy Technology Perspectives 2014

H. K. Jacobsen, “Integrating the bottom-up and top-down approach to energy-economy modelling: the case of Denmark,” Energy Econ., vol. 20, no. 4, pp. 443–461, 1998

What are we supporting?

Subsidies and costs of EU energyEcofys 2014 by order of: European Commission

Support schemes for renewables• Public interventions such as support

schemes remain necessary to make certain renewable energy technologies competitive. To avoid distorting energy prices and the market however, these schemes should be time-limited and carefully designed. The EU has issued guidance on support schemes to help governments when they design or revise support schemes.

Source: https://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/topics/renewable-energy

Support schemes can help… but?

http://oie.mingorp.hr/

Two CHP plants in two EU member states:Velika Gorica (Croatia, 63,517 ppl.)

Jelgava (Latvia, 64 279 ppl.)

Heat capacity 35 MWt 45 MWt

Electricity capacity 20 MWe 23 MWe

Fuel consumption 210,000 t biomass 400,000 MWh biomass, 6,000 trucks

Heat production 125,000 MWh 220,000 MWh

Electricity production 150,000 MWh 110,000 MWh

Combustion Circulating fluidized bed Bubbling fluidized bed

Biomass type Wood chips, wood residuals Wood chips and agriculture residuals

Steam boiler capacity 55 MW 76 MW

Steam production 19.44 kg/s 26 kg/s

Steam temperature 522 °C 527 °C

Steam pressure 124 bar 117 bar

BUILT

NO N

IMBY

NOT

BUILT

NIMBY

Savings, security of supply, cleaner environment, local jobs, investments, SEAP….. are not enough?

Local heroes may help?

Integrate energy and water systems through Low Impact Hydropower Plants

or energy and water desalination

Integrate renewables into transport sector

Integrate sectors and bussinesesThe Tekniska verken group 100% owned by the City of

Linköping since 1921

Close the cycle locally…

Start by small steps and demonstration plants

Conclusions • Local leaders must be identified and encouraged• Innovation and demonstration need support • Multi-level governance approach• Strategies and actions must be identified, planned

and coordinated on EU, macroregional, national, regional, city and local levels

Conclusions

• Focus on self-consumption and prosumers• Use renewables to integrate different sectors• Integration of energy and materials flows• New partnerships, business models • Integrated smart energy systems

THANK YOUGoran Krajacic

Power Engineering and Energy Management ChairDepartment of Energy, Power Engineering and

EnvironmentFaculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval

ArchitectureUniversity of Zagreb

Ivana Lucica 5, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatiatel: +385 1 6168433; e-mail: Goran.Krajacic@fsb.hr