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Why KNOW-‐4-‐DRR?
Necessity and usefulness of knowledge on DRR. CEPREDENAC, México, April 2015, P. Pigeon.
Knowledge limitaLons. André, C (2013), PhD
ContestaLon of knowledge on DRR
La Faute sur Mer 2007 RPP, and local opposiLon to DRR policy. Which knowledge for whom?
Structure
1. The context : the more we know, the more we lose…. 2. DRR policies necessary, yet limited. 3. IdenLfying limitaLons : a quesLon of informaLon and knowledge for assessing DRR… 4. But not only a quesLon of informaLon and knowledge as such…. THE challenges….
1. The more we know, the more we lose? Assessments on disaster frequencies and losses look paradoxical (White et al. 2001): « the more we know, the more we lose…. »
Papers on resilience in peer-review journals. (Kuhlicke, 2011)
A. The more we know
B. The more we lose???
Yet, C….
How to reduce losses even more?
People killed and economic losses, Colombia, GAR 2015.
Poorly prevenLon oriented More prevenLon oriented
DRR policies more prevenLon oriented…yet sLll with peak losses (as with Xynthia related disasters…). Where do we find the most disaster prone areas?
2. DRR policies necessary, yet limited.….
Chautagne RPP, 2004
La Faute-‐sur-‐Mer RPP, 2007
5 WCDRR 3 -‐ Sendai -‐ 17 March 2015 -‐ Side event on Risk Data Sharing Platforms
3. Identifying DRR policies limitations : a question of information and knowledge for assessing DRR. ONRN « develops national risk assessment »
…
• Provided by ONRN iniLal
partners (now amounLng
to 100)
• Limited to:
ü Flood hazard,
ü Exposed assets, ü Loss records, ü Progress of one DRR
procedure (PPRNI)
at munic ipal i ty gr id ,
naLonwide (metropolitan)
Downloadable indicators and data (www.onrn.fr) eg. Map of cumulated flood losses per municipality (from 1995 to 2010)
NaLonal and regional observatories draw a`enLon on the need to focus on the municipal scale
From 2 to 5 M Euros
From 5 to 276 M Euros
6 WCDRR 3 -‐ Sendai -‐ 17 March 2015 -‐ Side event on Risk Data Sharing Platforms
ONRN « refines risk management planning » at regional and municipal scales.
Screenshots of interactive maps from www.onrn.fr allowing to compare exposure/loss records and evolution of public prevention policy
Yet : sLll local opposiLons to naLonal DRR policies… Need to address local scales more in details and to share knowledges with local stakeholders.
Over 5 million euros losses Approved (enforced) PPR
Cumulated insured losses due to floods period 1995 – 2010, at municipality grid
Status of public preventive actions, as of end 2013: municipal flood risk prevention plans (PPRI)
4. Iden?fying limita?ons : not a ques?on of informa?on and even not of knowledge only….
Percentage of insured goods damaged during the Rhone river 2003 floods in Arles.
Domenichini, J. 2008. PhD, p. 70.
Losses intensiLes
Level of water
AND level of water does not explain losses experienced only, according to experience returns and insurance data (plurifactoriality…..). How to share that?
Yet, we find building prescripLon discrepancies…
Insights
• How to reduce more informaLon fragmentaLon on DRR between insLtuLons and stakeholders?
• How prevenLng more disasters with local stakeholders?
• “Increasing the quality and coverage of data is seen as central to operaLonalising DRR policies, but success does not, however, hinge simply on the provision of more accurate and comprehensive data”
(White, I et alii, 2011, p. 14).