1 osh act & osh ms

Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994 (OSHA) (ACT 514)

Occupational Safety and Health Management System (OSH MS)

Occupational Health and Safety Assessment System (OHSAS)

Define the components of OSHA

Define concepts and components of OSHMS & OSHAS

Outline recent developments in health and safety management.

The Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994 (Act 514) is a legislation which has been gazette on the 25 February 1994 by the Malaysian Parliament.

The Act provides the legislative framework to secure the safety, health and welfare among all Malaysian workforce

Aim- to protect others against risks to safety or health in connection with the activities of persons at work.

It is a tool superimposed on existing safety and health legislation.

The Act requires all companies to have a written safety and health policy

Outlines the duties of the:- safety and health officer (SHO)- safety and health committee (SHC)- occupational safety and health officers (OSHO) -employer- employee

Competent person on safety and health at work place

Employed exclusively for the purpose of ensuring the due observance at the work place of work of the provisions of this Act

Shall possess such qualifications or have received training

Advise the employer or any person in charge of a place of work on the measures to be taken in the interests of a safety and health of the person employed in the place work

To inspect the place of work to determine whether :- machinery, plant, equipment, substance, appliance or process or any description of manual labour used in the place or work can be a potential hazard to any person working in the place of work

Investigate any accident, near miss, dangerous occurrence, occupational poisoning or occupational disease this has happened in the place work

Assist employer or Safety & Health Committee, organise and implement Occupational Safety and Health programs sat the place of work

Assist the Safety and Health Commitee in any inspection of the place of work for the purpose of checking the effectiveness and efficacy of any measures taken in compliance with the Act or any regulation made under the Act

Collect, analyse and maintain statistics on any accident, dangerous occurrence, occupational poisoning, occupational disease which have occurred at the place work

Carry out any other instruction made by the employer or any person in charge of the place of work on any matters pertaining to safety and health of the place of work

Copyright Fadzil_Hassan @ CPIM, FSPU, UiTM

Employer shall establish safety & health committee if:

There are forty or more person employed at the place of work

The Director general directs the establishment of such a committee at the work place

Ensure safety & health of persons at place of work :

Review the measures

Investigate matter place of work- Which a member of committee or a person employed

thereat considers is not safe or is a risk to health; and- Which has been brought to the attention of the

employer.

Attempt to solve any matter related

The main objective of the committee is to foster cooperation and consultation between management and workers in identifying, evaluating and controlling hazard at workplace.

It is also an effective channel of communication to exchange idea to solve problems relating to OSH.

Feedback from workers will greatly assist employers to promote and provide a safe and healthy work environment.

Employer – the immediate employer or the principle employer or both

Immediate employer – person who has undertaken the execution at the work place

Duties to persons other than employee• To conduct undertaking to ensure other

person are not exposed to risks• To give prescibed information to other person

that might affect their safety or health

Duties to employee•Provision of information, instruction, training &

supervision to ensure safety & health of employees

•Provision of safe working environment and adequate facilities for employee’s welfare

•Provision of access and egress are safe and without risks

•to ensure as far as practicable plant & system of work are safe and without risk to health

•To ensure safety & absence of risks in connection of operation, handling, storage and transport

Person who employed for wages under a contract of service

Duties•Take reasonable care for S&H of himself

•Co-operate with his employer•Wear or use protective equipment provided by employer to prevent risks

•Comply instruction on S&H instituted by employer

Appointed by minister

Exercising powers and performing functions and discharging duties assigned to him under OSHA

OHSMS: Occupational Health and Safety Management System

OHSAS: Occupational Health and Safety Assurance System

Both terms are used interchangeably Its is all about identifying “OHS

hazards”, estimating “risks” and taking appropriate measures to mitigate “consequences”.

Benefits• Improved OHS performancePrevent health and safety hazard

•Reduction in the number of accidents •Reduced costsPrevent ill health in the first place than to medication

• Improved public imageEnhanced customer trustCompetitive advantage

Benefits

- Demonstration of an innovative and forward thinking approach

- Increased access to new customers and business partners through an improved corporate image

- Better management of health and safety risks, now and in the future

- Company, conscious about social responsibilities.

Pre Year 1996• ILO guidelines• Various certification bodies had their own

OHSAS standards / specifications• There were no national standard on OHSAS

In Year 1997• Technical Management Board of ISO decided

against having International Standard on OH&S

ILO -International Labour Organization ISO -International Organization for Standardization

Year 1999• 10 certification bodies / national bodies /

consultancy organizations collaborated to make OHSAS 18001

• OHSAS 18001: 1999 was not a standard but only a specification for Occupational Health and Safety management.

• Objective was to create a platform for making a national and/or international standard And to help organizations meet their legal

obligations

Year 2000• ISO Technical Management Board declined once

again for an International standard on OHSAS Year 2007

• OSHAS 18001:2007 (Occupational Health and safety series; Title: OSHMAS –requirements) replaces OHSAS 18001:1999

• This new OHSAS is accepted by Standard Malaysia and serve as basis for accreditation of Malaysia certification bodies

OHSAS 18000 is an international occupational health and safety management system

It provides organizations with the elements of an effective OHSMS that can be integrated with other management requirements and help organizations achieve better occupational health and safety performance and economic objectives.

It comprises two parts, 18001 and 18002

OHSAS 18001 specifies requirements for an OH&S management system to help an organization develop and implement a policy and objectives, which take into account legal requirements and information about OH&S risks

OHSAS 18002 provides generic assistance for establishing, implementing or improving an OH&S management system, and demonstrates successful implementation

Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems (OHSMS) have been defined as

“…a combination of the planning and review, the management organisational arrangements, the consultative arrangements, and the specific program elements that work together in an integrated way to improve health and safety performance”

~Gallagher, 2000

“The means by which an organisation controls risk through the management process”.

~Health & Safety Executive

“Part of the overall management system that facilities the management of the OH&S risks associated with the business of the organisation.

This includes the organisational structure, planning activities, responsibilities, practices, procedures, processes and resources for developing and achieving, reviewing and maintaining the organisation’s OH&S policy”.

~ British Standards Institute

OHS Management System

Policy development

Organisational development

Developing techniques of planning, measuring and reviewing

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PolicyEffective health and safety policies set a

clear direction for the organisation to

follow.

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Organising

An effective management structure and

arrangements are in place for delivering the policy.

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Key Elements of OHS Management System


PlanningThere is a planned and systematic approach to

implementing the health and safety policy through an

effective health and safety management

system.

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Measuring Performance

Performance is measured against agreed standards to reveal when and where improvement is needed.

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Key Elements of OHS Key Elements of OHS Management SystemManagement System


Auditing and Reviewing of Performance

The organisation learns from all relevant experience and

applies the lessons.

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StatusReviewReviewOHSOHS

PolicyPolicyPlanninPlannin

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OHS PolicyOHS Policy

PlanningPlanning

Implementation& Operation

Implementation& OperationChecking

&CorrectiveAction

Checking &CorrectiveAction

ContinualImprovem

ent

ContinualImprovement

ManagementReview

ManagementReview

1. OH&S Policy1.1. The Health & Safety Policy

2. Planning2.1. Planning for hazard identification, risk

assessment and control2.2. Legal and other requirements2.3. Objectives2.4. OH&S management programme(s)

3. Implementation and Operation3.1. Structure and responsibility3.2. Training, awareness and competence3.3. Consultation and Communication3.4. Documentation3.5. Document and data control3.6. Operational Control3.7. Emergency preparedness and response

4. Checking and Corrective Action4.1. Performance measurement and monitoring4.2. Accidents, incidents, non-conformances

and corrective and preventative action4.3. Records and record management4.4. Audit

5. Management Review5.1. Management Review


In response to urgent customer demand for a recognizable occupational health and safety management system standard

Need for health and safety management system

that could be audited and certified


WHY WAS OHSAS WHY WAS OHSAS DEVELOPED?DEVELOPED?

Suitable and relevant to use in all type of industries.

Make the system more effective in occupational health and safety policies

Make sure the organisations obey the occupational safety and health policies and increase the occupational health and safety involvement.


• Prepare the occupational health and safety management system

• Control that system to make sure it have what it suppose to do accordance to OHSAS 18001:1999 guideline.

• Help the organisation’s occupational health and safety accordance and parallel with the law and another requirements in OHSAS 18001.


Elements of OHSAS 18001


PolicyEffective health and safety policies set a clear direction for the organisation to follow. OrganisingAn effective management structure and arrangements are in place for delivering the policy. PlanningThere is a planned and systematic approach to implementing the health and safety policy through an effective health and safety management system. Measuring PerformancePerformance is measured against agreed standards to reveal when and where improvement is needed Auditing and Reviewing of PerformanceThe organisation learns from all relevant experience and applies the lessons


A legal requirement on an employer to prepare, and keep up to date a written statement of their policy regarding the health and safety of their employees

An OH&S policy establishes an overall sense of direction and sets the principles of action for an organisation.

It sets goals for the level of OHS responsibility and performance required.

It demonstrates the formal commitment towards good OH&S management, particularly that of the organisation’s top management.


BS8800 sets out nine specific commitments that must be included to develop a comprehensive policy statement.

Recognising that OH&S is an integral particle of its

business performance.

Achieving a high level of OH&S performance, with compliance to legal requirements as a minimum, and to continual cost-effective improvement in performance.

Provide adequate and appropriate resources to implement the policy.


The setting and publishing of OH&S objectives, even if only by internal notification.

Place the management of OH&S as a prime responsibility of line management, from the most senior executive to first line supervisory level.

To ensure that the policy statement is understood, implemented and maintained at all levels in the organisation.


Employee involvement and consultation to gain commitment to the policy and its implementation.

Periodic review of the policy, the management system and audit of compliance to policy.

Ensure that employees at all levels receive appropriate training and are competent to carry out their duties and responsibilities.


Any management system will work well if top management and employees work together toward a common vision of zero incidents.

Create a safety culture that drives each employees’ thoughts and actions in their personal and professional lives.

MS is more than a regulation.


Creates an environment where employees are responsible for their safety and the safety of their fellow employees.

A safety culture is built through the establishment of a fundamentally sound safety program.


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1 osh act & osh ms