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For Paediatric surgery residents. It incorporates a personal collection of cases.
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Anorectal Malformations(ARM)
Objectives
• To identify the types of anorectal malformations, their embryology and their immediate and definitive management.
Outline
• Embryology• Clinical appearances of various malformations• Radiology • Treatment• Summary
Embryology
• Normal embryology of the hindgut
The theory of the septation of the cloaca; andThe theory of the migration of the rectum.
Embryology of ARMInitial Theories
Embryology of ARM is differentNew discoveries
Low Anomaly Male
Low Anomaly Male
Intermediate Anomaly Male
High Anomaly Male
High Anomaly Male
Low Anomaly Female
Intermediate Anomaly Female
High Anomaly Female
Complex Malformations
Complex Malformations
Complex Malformations
Presentation
Presentation
Presentation
Presentation
Radiology
Radiology
Radiology
Radiology
Treatment
• Rule out immediate life threatening conditionsCardiac anomalies EchocardiographyRenal anomalies UltrasoundEsophageal atresia Pass NG tube
Decide
AnoplastyColostomy
Anoplasty
• For low malformations in males and females like…………
Anoplasty
Colostomy
