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Health Promotion
Disease Prevention
Pascale Gehy-Andre
A systematic approach to health improvement
Healthy People 2010
National
Community
Role PlayersClinicians
Businesses
Scientists
Communities
Individuals
Clinician RoleDiagnosis and TreatmentEmpathy
Cure sometimesRelieve oftenComfort always
Secret of care is caring for the patientPREVENTION BY EDUCATING
HistoryHealthy People Surgeon General 1979
Health Promotion Disease Prevention
Healthy People 2000 1990 Infant Mortality Life expectancy
Healthy People 2010 2000Rate of AdvancementQuality of Life
Preventive MedicinePrimary Prevention
Secondary Prevention
Tertiary Prevention
PRIMARY PREVENTIONRemoves or Reduces diseases risk factors.
ImmunizationH flu reduced 95% since first conjugate vaccine
Smoking cessationImproved sanitation
Secondary preventionPromotes techniques to early detection of disease or precursor states
Pap Smear
Tertiary PreventionMeasures aimed at limiting the impact of established disease
Partial mastectomy and radiation therapy.
Healthy People 2010Population growing older Increase quality and years of healthy life
Diversity of populationEliminate health disparities.
Improving health of each individualHealth of the communityHealth of the nation
Systematic ApproachFour key elements:
Goals Focus\Direction
Objectives Determinant of health
Determinants of health Physical\Social
Health status Ultimate Measure
Goalsquality and years of healthy life
Life Expectancy Beginning 20th century 47.3 yrsToday 77 yrs?? Substantial differences among
different population groups in the US.
Eliminate Health Disparities
Life Expectancy By Country
FemaleCountryYrs of
Life expectancyJapan 82-9France 82.6Switzerland 81.9Sweden 81.6Spain 81.5Canada 81.2Australia 80.9Italy 80.8Norway 80.7Netherlands 80.4Greece 80.3Finland 80.3
MaleCountryYrs of
Life expectancyJapan 76.4Sweden 76.2Israel 75.3Canada 75.2Switzerland 75.1Greece 75.1Australia 75.0Norway 74.9Netherlands 74.6Italy 74.4England and Wales 74.3France 74.2
Life Expectancy By Country Contd
Female
Country Yrs of Life
expectancyAustria 80.1Germany 79.8Belgium 79.8England & Wales 79.6Israel 79.3Singapore 79.0United States 78.9
MaleCountryYrs of
Life expectancySpain 74.2Austria 73.5Singapore 73.4Germany 73.3New Zealand 73.3Northern Ireland 73.1Belgium 73.0Cuba 73.0Costa Rica 73.0Finland 72.8Denmark 72.8Ireland 72.5United States 72.5
Quality of LifeEncompasses all aspects of life including:
Health BeliefsRecreation AspirationsCultureRightsValues
Tools to measure Quality of Life
1- Global AssessmentsPoor FairGood Very GoodExcellent
2- Healthy Days
3- Years of healthy life
Eliminate Health Disparities
Eliminate differences that occur by:1- Gender 2- Race 3- Ethnicity4- Education 5- Income 6-Disability7- Geographic location8- Sexual orientation
Achieving EquityHealthy people 2010 is firmly dedicated to the principle that regardless of health disparities, every person in every community across the nation deserves equal access to comprehensive, culturally competent, community-based health care systems that are committed to serving the needs of the individual and promoting community health.
ObjectivesMonitored through 467 objectives in 28 focus areas.Focus of objectives:
Intervention to eliminate illnesses Improving access to quality health careStrengthening public health servicesImproving the availability and dissemination of health-related information.
Determinant of HealthBehavior and environmental factors Individual biology and behaviors Policies and interventions Access to quality health careHealth Status
Leading Causes of Death, 1997
Leading Causes of Death, 1900*