1.INDOOR AIRPOLLUTIONSources andHealth EffectsJanine Bernadette A.PontanarBS Chemistry IV

2. Air pollution is the introduction ofchemicals, particulate matter, or biologicalmaterial that cause harm discomfort tohumans or other living organisms, ordamages the natural environment; intothe atmosphere.What do youmeanby INDOORAIRPOLLUTION? 3. It refers to the physical, chemical, andbiological characteristics of air in theindoor environment within a home,building, or an institution or commercialfacility. 4. What are the SOURCES of indoorair pollution? 5. COMBUSTION OF GASESFROM FIREPLACES AND WOODBURNINGSTOVES 6. DUST MITES ANDANIMAL DANDER 7. DUST MITE FECES 8. PAINTS, VARNISH 9. CHEMICAL FUMESTOBACCO SMOKE 10. CAR EXHAUSTSOIL 11. MOLDS AND BACTERIA 12. INDOOR WORKPLACE 13. PLYWOOD 14. Indoor POLLUTANTS1. Formaldehyde2. Nitrogen dioxide3. Carbon monoxide4. Tobacco smoke5. Asbestos6. Radon 15. FORMALDEHYDESources:durable press fabricsPressed wood products such as plywood and particleboard furnishingswallpaperupholsteryCarpetsDetergentsshampoo 16. FORMALDEHYDE GluesMarkersPaintsCigarettesDyesUrea-formaldehyde foam insulationBubble bath 17. FORMALDEHYDEHealth effects:nose irritationEyes irritationthroat irritation/spasmallergic reactionsSkin rashesHeadachecancer 18. Indoor POLLUTANTS1. Formaldehyde2. Nitrogen dioxide3. Carbon monoxide4. Tobacco smoke5. Asbestos6. Radon 19. NITROGEN DIOXIDESources:un-vented gas stoves and heatersEnvironmental tobacco smokeKerosene heaters 20. NITROGEN DIOXIDEHealth effects:NO2 acts mainly as an irritant affecting themucosa of the eyes, nose, throat, andrespiratory tract. Extremely high-doseexposure (as in a building fire) to NO2may result in pulmonary edema anddiffuse lung injury. Continued exposure tohigh NO2 levels can contribute to thedevelopmentof acuteorchronicbronchitis. 21. NITROGEN DIOXIDE Low level NO2 exposure may causeincreased bronchial reactivity in someasthmatics, decreased lung function inpatientswith chronicobstructivepulmonary disease and increased risk ofrespiratory infections, especially in youngchildren. Death generally results within 2-10 days after exposure to 500 ppm ormore of NO2. 22. Indoor POLLUTANTS1. Formaldehyde2. Nitrogen dioxide3. Carbon monoxide4. Tobacco smoke5. Asbestos6. Radon 23. CARBON MONOXIDESources: Unvented or Malfunctioning GasAppliances Wood Stoves Tobacco Smoke Incomplete combustion of any fuel 24. CARBON MONOXIDEHealth effects: Fatigue Dizziness irregular breathing cherry red lips Nausea Headache Paleness Coughing Impaired vision and mental functioning Fatal at high concentrations 25. Figure 1.0 Absorption Effects ofCarbon Monoxide in the Body 26. Indoor POLLUTANTS1. Formaldehyde2. Nitrogen dioxide3. Carbon monoxide4. Tobacco smoke5. Asbestos6. Radon 27. Indoor POLLUTANTS1. Formaldehyde2. Nitrogen dioxide3. Carbon monoxide4. Tobacco smoke5. Asbestos6. Radon 28. TOBACCO SMOKESources: cigarettes 29. Figure 1.2 Tobacco has 4000 chemicals 30. TOBACCO SMOKE Sidestream smokeMainstream smokePollutant(mg per cigarette) (mg per cigarette)Carbon dioxide 10,000-80,00081,000-640,000Carbon monoxide500-26,000 1200-65,000Nitrogen oxides16-600 80-3500Ammonia10-130 400-9500Hydrogen cyanide 280-55048-203Formaldehyde 20-901000-4600Acrolein 10-140 100-1700Nicotine 60-2300160-7600Total particles100-40,000 130-76,000Phenol 20-150 52-390Catechol 40-280 28-196Naphthalene2.845Aniline0.1-1.23-36 31. TOBACCO SMOKEHealth effects: burning eyes Nose irritation throat irritation cancer Bronchitis Pneumonia severe asthma decrease in lung function TB Cancer 32. Indoor POLLUTANTS1. Formaldehyde2. Nitrogen dioxide3. Carbon monoxide4. Carbon dioxide5. Tobacco smoke6. Asbestos7. Radon 33. ASBESTOSSources: Buildings Fireplace gloves Certain hair dryers Pipes 34. Figure 1.3 Asbestos 35. ASBESTOSHealth effects: asbestosis, a scarring of the lungs thatleads to breathing problems and heartfailure. lung cancer Mesothelioma Asbestos may also be linked to cancerof the stomach, intestines, and rectum 36. Closed Vermiculite mine in Libby, Montanawhere 192 deaths and 375 lung injuriesdue asbestos were reported. 37. Indoor POLLUTANTS1. Formaldehyde2. Nitrogen dioxide3. Carbon monoxide4. Tobacco smoke5. Asbestos6. Radon 38. RADONSources: Soils 39. RADON 40. RADONHealth effects: Lung Cancer 41. RADONRadon is radioactive but chemicallyunreactive colorless, tasteless, odorlessgas produced by radioactive decay ofuranium. Its decay products, called radonprogeny, are electrically charged and canbe inhaled or attach to particles that areinhaled. Radon itself is not harmful, but itsprogeny, particularly polonium and lead,are highly carcinogenic. 42. Radioactiveemissions 43. 1898 Ernest Rutherford found out thatBecquerels uranium emitted alphaand beta particles. 44. According to the survey of NationalHuman ActivityPattern Survey(NHAPS), adults and children stayindoor 89% of all the time, 6% outdoor,and 5% in the car. 45. Comparison of Personal, Indoor, andOutdoor Air pollution 46. RULE OF A THOUSANDA pollutant released indoors is about1000 times more likely to be inhaledthan that same amount releasedoutdoors.-Nazaroff, 2000 47. How to avoid air pollution?Proper VENTILATIONProper construction of buildingsGreen Chemistry 48. DAGHANG SALAMAT!!!:DD