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AIDS Community Research Initiative of America AIDS Community Research Initiative of America Integrating HIV Prevention with Hepatitis C CoInfection Programs HIV Health Literacy Program 230 West 38 th Street 17 th Floor 230 West 38 th Street, 17 th Floor New York, NY 10018

Integrating HIV Prevention with Hepatitis C Co‐Infection Programs

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Page 1: Integrating HIV Prevention with Hepatitis C Co‐Infection Programs

AIDS Community Research Initiative of AmericaAIDS Community Research Initiative of America

Integrating HIV Prevention with Hepatitis C Co‐Infection Programs 

HIV Health Literacy Program230 West 38th Street 17th Floor230 West 38th Street, 17th Floor

New York, NY 10018 

Page 2: Integrating HIV Prevention with Hepatitis C Co‐Infection Programs

IssuesTreatment and prevention programs focus on HIV

While HIV and HCV co‐morbidity continues to increasey

MSM sexual transmission is emerging as a common risk factor while sexual transmission in other populationsfactor, while sexual transmission in other populations, remains low

Understanding unique circumstances for clients andUnderstanding unique circumstances for clients and providers in different settings

Page 3: Integrating HIV Prevention with Hepatitis C Co‐Infection Programs

Project and SettingNational Program completed in 15 cities nationwide

All 5 boroughs in NYCg

3 year CDC‐funded, NYSDOH and ACRIA initiated

T ti b th li t d t ff t ASO LGBTTargeting both clients and staff at ASOs, LGBT organizations, agencies and programs within criminal justice system, substance use centers

Page 4: Integrating HIV Prevention with Hepatitis C Co‐Infection Programs

BackgroundA national advisory panel guided the development of this training between 2003‐2006 

CDC and experts from service delivery settings that provide care to people living with or at risk for HCV

Input was gained from six focus groups that were held throughout the United States 

Combination of administrators, supervisor and direct client staff representing different settings

Page 5: Integrating HIV Prevention with Hepatitis C Co‐Infection Programs

Training Format Training materials are comprehensive 

Design is flexible and modular in formatDesign is flexible and modular in format

Tailored content for special settings

Focus on integration

Skills basedSkills‐based

Page 6: Integrating HIV Prevention with Hepatitis C Co‐Infection Programs

O i f M d lOverview of ModulesHepatitis Cepa s

Overview of the Liver and Disease PrevalenceTransmission/Non‐TransmissionSpectrum of Illness and Common SymptomsPreventionDiagnosis and TestingDiagnosis and TestingTreatment

Risk Assessment and Tailored Harm Reduction Messagesg

Risk AssessmentCultural Awareness and Values ClarificationHarm Reduction MessagesSafer Injection Practices

Page 7: Integrating HIV Prevention with Hepatitis C Co‐Infection Programs

Hepatitis

= Inflammation of the liver

Hepato liver

itis inflammation 

Page 8: Integrating HIV Prevention with Hepatitis C Co‐Infection Programs

Causes of HepatitisImmunologic Damage Infections

Vi‐ Viruses‐ Bacteria

Inflammation

Toxic Damage

Inflammation

Toxic Damage‐ Alcohol‐ Drugs‐ Drugs‐ Poisons/Chemicals

Page 9: Integrating HIV Prevention with Hepatitis C Co‐Infection Programs

Chronic HCV Monoinfection~ 80% develop chronic infection 80% develop chronic infection

Of those with chronic infection:

~ 35% remain stable

~ 20% will develop cirrhosis and serious illness 20% will develop cirrhosis and serious illness

Of those with cirrhosis:

~ 25% will develop liver cancer, need a transplant, 25% will develop liver cancer, need a transplant, and/or die as a result of liver disease

Page 10: Integrating HIV Prevention with Hepatitis C Co‐Infection Programs

Chronic HCV Monoinfection

Another way to look at HCV disease progression …

Page 11: Integrating HIV Prevention with Hepatitis C Co‐Infection Programs

Progression of HCV Infection over 10‐25 Years

Acute Infection

100% (100 people)

Resolved

20% (20)

Chronic

80% (80)

Resolved Chronic

S bl

35% (28)

Slowly Progressive Disease65% (52)

Stabley g(some symptoms)

30% (16)

Some liver damage70% (36)

Cirrhosis

25% (4)

Some liver damage,no cirrhosis

75% (12)

Liver failure, cancer,transplant, death

( )

Slowly progressivecirrhosis

( )

Page 12: Integrating HIV Prevention with Hepatitis C Co‐Infection Programs

Setting‐Specific ModulesIntegrating Hepatitis C

Rationale and Opportunities for Integrationpp g

Brainstorm: Barriers to Integration

Model Programs for Integration

Strategies for Integration

Implementing a Successful Plan for Integration

Page 13: Integrating HIV Prevention with Hepatitis C Co‐Infection Programs

HIV/AIDS Programs:HIV/AIDS Programs:Rationale for Addressing HCV

Co‐existing epidemics25 30% f HIV iti l i f t d ith25‐30% of HIV‐positive people are co‐infected with HCV

In some studies up to 90% of IDUs with HIV are co‐In some studies, up to 90% of IDUs with HIV are coinfected with HCV

Page 14: Integrating HIV Prevention with Hepatitis C Co‐Infection Programs

HIV/AIDS Programs:HIV/AIDS Programs:Overlapping Risk Factors

Behaviors associated with the transmission of HIV are also associated with transmission of HCV:

50‐90% of IDUs are infected with HCV – most users become infected with HCV during first five years of injectingSharing injection equipment is a highly efficient means of spreading HCV

Page 15: Integrating HIV Prevention with Hepatitis C Co‐Infection Programs

Integration of HIV and HCV services will be beneficial to clients

Meets more needs of the clients

Convenient for clientsConvenient for clients 

Reduces barriers to service

May help reduce costsMay help reduce costs

Uses existing, trusted infrastructure

Complements services that target the same populationComplements services that target the same population

Provides additional services that may bring in more clients

Page 16: Integrating HIV Prevention with Hepatitis C Co‐Infection Programs

Promoting Wellness for PWHIV/AIDS

Educating clients and providing access to viral hepatitis screening and vaccination is a critical component of wellness for PWHIV/AIDSwellness for PWHIV/AIDS

HIV providers need to be well versed in viral hepatitis in order to serve clients who are co‐infected with viralin order to serve clients who are co infected with viral hepatitis

Page 17: Integrating HIV Prevention with Hepatitis C Co‐Infection Programs

LGBT Organizations:LGBT Organizations:Rationale for Addressing HCVSexual Stigma & Discrimination Create High Levels of Lifelong Stress

GLB individuals suffer from more mental health problems including substance use disorders, depression, and suicide

Gay men use substances and alcohol at higher rates than y gheterosexual men

LBT women smoke almost 200% more than heterosexualLBT women smoke almost 200% more than heterosexual women

Page 18: Integrating HIV Prevention with Hepatitis C Co‐Infection Programs

lCorrectional Settings:Rationale for Addressing Viral Hepatitisg p

High risk group 

Higher rates of HCV, STIs, HIV and TB

12‐39% of all Americans with chronic HBV or HCV were released from correctional facilities during the previous year

Adult prison inmates: 16‐41% have evidence of HCV infection; 12‐35% have chronic infection

Page 19: Integrating HIV Prevention with Hepatitis C Co‐Infection Programs

lCorrectional Settings:Rationale

83% of state and 73% of federal prisoners report past p p pIDU

57% of state and 45% of federal prisoners report drug use in the month before their offence

60‐90% of IDUs are infected with HCV 

14‐42% of incarcerated people are infected with HCV

Page 20: Integrating HIV Prevention with Hepatitis C Co‐Infection Programs

lCorrectional Settings:Rationale

Benefits the general community

Reduces disease transmission and medical costs

Inmates who participate in health programs have lower recidivism rates and are more likely to maintain health‐conscious behaviors

Page 21: Integrating HIV Prevention with Hepatitis C Co‐Infection Programs

Integration Benefits Inmates and Entire CommunityOpportunity to provide critical health services to those at highest risk

Vaccination helps prevent future infection/illness for inmates

Screening helps identify cases and prevent further transmission to family members and the general 

icommunity

Translates into overall cost savings for the community

Page 22: Integrating HIV Prevention with Hepatitis C Co‐Infection Programs

IntegrationIntegrationIntegration activities can be delivered without eg a o ac es ca be de e ed ousignificant cost or need for new resources

Integrating screening for HCV in non‐traditionalIntegrating screening for HCV in non‐traditional settings can be an important step in expanding access to these services for those at highest risk

Include questions about viral hepatitis screening, vaccination and history of disease during the initial y gclient intake and/or health history

Page 23: Integrating HIV Prevention with Hepatitis C Co‐Infection Programs

IntegrationProviding an integrated prevention message about viralProviding an integrated prevention message about viral hepatitis, HIV, and STIs is a benefit to clients because it treats them as a “whole person”

Integration is most effective when it has become a routine part of services offeredp

1) All relevant forms (intake, medical history, reassessment, etc) address viral hepatitis, ) p ,

2) Agency standards, policies and procedures outline specific tasks to be performed by staff, and 

3) Agency quality assurance activities monitor progress toward meeting these standards

Page 24: Integrating HIV Prevention with Hepatitis C Co‐Infection Programs

IntegrationThere is no one size fits all approach to integration

How and when integration is accomplished in yourHow and when integration is accomplished in your agency depends on how your program is organized and run

Innovative programs across the country have reviewed all aspects of their program’s operation and found many new and creative ways to integrate viral hepatitis services

Page 25: Integrating HIV Prevention with Hepatitis C Co‐Infection Programs

Lessons LearnedDevelopment of HIV/HCV co‐infection curriculum is essential to meeting needs people living with both HIV and HCVand HCV

Programs specializing in HIV treatment and prevention education can enhance their services and better meet the needs of co‐infected clients through the adoption and integration of a co infection curriculumintegration of a co‐infection curriculum

Page 26: Integrating HIV Prevention with Hepatitis C Co‐Infection Programs

Next StepsCreating HIV programs that are inclusive of hepatitis as well as other STIs  

Providing easy‐to‐understand information helping non‐medical service providers to become part of the prevention/treatment/care continuum