Bio 120 Medical TerminologyTim Widlic

The Urinary System:

5 Abbreviations

cath: catheterization

The process by which a catheter (tube) is inserted through the urethra and into the bladder, for the purpose of allowing the urine to free flow.

Click below to view animation of male/female

catheterization

http://emprocedures.com/urinary_cath/animations.htm

Catheter Types

Foley catheter: Retained via a balloon

injected with sterile water, which allows

for long-term catheterization.

Used in most cases.

Irrigation ports useful when

blood clots are present .

Used in males with an enlarged prostate.

Catheter types continued…

Texas catheter: Used for male patients only. Less risk of an infection than an indwelling catheter.

Straight catheter: Does not have a balloon. Used for short-term

catheterization.

ESWL – extra corporeal shockwave lithotripsy

•A non-invasive , therapeutic procedure whereby renal calculi (kidney stones) are crushed from the outside of the body, utilizing a directed, acoustic pulse.•Ideally, the pulverized remains are passed in the urine.

Click below to view footage with a technician who performs ESWL

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mTR35kSDBso&feature=related

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yl8Qy79aLk0&feature=related

BUN – blood urea nitrogen

• A diagnostic procedure used in order to determine how well the kidneys are functioning

by measuring blood levels of urea.

BUN continued…

• Urea is formed as an end product of protein catabolism.

• Is normally excreted by the kidneys through the urine.

• A critical range of 100mg/dL indicates serious impairment of the kidneys.

IVP – intravenous pyelogram

• A visual record in the form of an x-ray.

• Obtained by the injection of a contrast medium into a vein, so as to make the renal calyces, renal pelvises, ureters,

and urinary bladder more prominent on the x-ray.

CRF – chronic renal failure

•A condition where increased levels of urea and other waste products are retained in the blood due to

chronic kidney dysfunction.

Example of enlarged, polycystic kidney on left,

normal on left.

Enlarged polycystic kidneys

CRF continued…

•Early signs include: sluggishness, fatigue, and mental dullness.

•Late signs include: anuria, convulsions, GI bleeding, malnutrition, neuropathy, types of anemia, and yellowing of the skin.

•Long-term hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis is often initiated.

•Kidney transplantation is often considered.

Thank you for viewing.