Evolution of a Computer

Stick and StonesThe first people use

their fingers in counting. They also used sticks, ropes, and stones to make counting easier.

ABACUSMore than 4, 000 years

ago, the Chinese started

using the abacus for

counting and calculating.

It is usually made of

wooden frame, metal

rods, and wooden beads.

It is considered the first

computer

NAPIER’S BONE

In 1612, John Napier

from Scotland invented

a device made of rods.

It was use to multiply

and divide numbers.

This device was called

Napier’s Bones.

PASCALINEIn 1642, Blaise Pascal, a

mathematician from France,

Invented a calculating machine.

He called his invention the

Pascaline. He used the machine

to help his father compute tax

collections. Calculations were

done by hand using interlocking

wheels and pulleys.

STEPPED RECKONER

In 1674, Gottfried Wilhelm

Leibnitz, a German

mathematician, invented a

calculating machine. It could

add, subtract, multiply, and

divide. Leibnitz called his

invention the Stepped

Reckoner.

GOTTFRIED WILHELM LEIBNITZ

Analytical EngineThis was designed by

Charles Babbage in 1833. He was helped by Lady Ada Augusta Lovelace. The machine was not completed, but modern computers are based on Babbage’s original design.

CHARLES BABBAGEADA AUGUSTA LOVELACE

HOLLERITH’S TABULATING MACHINE

Herman Hollerith, an

American businessman,

invented the tabulating

machine in 1890. The

machine used punched

cards to record, arrange,

and store data. The machine

was used for statistics.

Herman Hollerith

The First Electronic Computer

The ENIAC ( Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer) was built in 1946 in the United States. It helped design weapons. ENIAC used vacuum tubes and valves for computing and sending electrical signals.

The Shrinking Computer

Supercomputers

Mainframe Computers

Midrange Computers

The Personal Computers

(PCs)

LaptopNotebook

Palmtop