socialization

By

Nikhil guptaNIKHIL GUPTA12BME0019

DEFINITION

MAN A SOCIAL ANIMAL

The child becomes a man or person through variety of experiences.

Every society prescribes its own way and means of giving social training to its new born members so that they may develop their own personality.

The process of socialization is conditioned by culture.

Socialization means the process whereby an individual becomes a functioning member of the society

TYPES OF SOCIALISATION

Ian Robertson (1977) has mentioned four types of socialization. Primary socialization

It takes place in the early years of life of the newborn. It concentrates on the teaching of language and cognitive skills, establishment of emotional ties, and appreciation of other roles.

Anticipatory socialization Men not only learn the culture of the group of which they

immediate member. They may also learn the culture group to which they do not belong.

Developmental socialization This kind of learning is based on the achievements of

primary socialization. It builds on already acquired skills and knowledge as

the adult progresses through new situations such as marriage and job.

Re-Socialization ‘Re-socialization’- “the stripping away of learned

patterns and substitution of new ones for them”

Factors of process of socialization

Imitation

Children imitate others

Language acquired by imitation

Suggestion Process of communicating information

Suggestion influences behaviour

Identification Through identification he becomes sociable

Language By language one learns folkways , morals.

Theories of Socialization

George Herbert Mead’s Theory of ‘self’ ‘the individual, largely through interaction, becomes aware of

himself’.

The individual in order to get a picture of himself, plays the role of others.

The child tries to understand the relative roles of various individuals involved in the same social context.

The ‘self’ is a product of social interaction. It arises in ‘social experience’.

Click icon to add picture

Durkheim’s Theory of ‘Collective Representation’ The individual becomes socialized by adopting the

behaviour of his group.

‘Collective representation’ is “the body of experiences, ideas and ideals of a group upon which the individual unconsciously depends for his ideas, attitudes and behaviours”.

‘Collective representation’ have a great force because they collectively created and developed.

Agents of socialisation

FAMILY

Primary and chief agent of socialisation upto first 5 years

Family provides a child first social contact with the world.

Parents shape personality and also guide behaviour using rewards and punishments.

SCHOOL

The school helps the child to adapt to social order through the hidden curriculum and functions in order to prepare the latter for a stable adult life.

school is specialised to impart certain technical, intellectual skills and cultural heritage of society so that the individual is able to integrate society

PEER GROUPS

Peer group are usually people who are of the same age and have similar status

As an adult, criteria is usually based on common interests, activities, similar income level and status

Learn to make relationships and work together within a group

THE MASS MEDIA

In the modern times, the mass media exerts a powerful socialising influence

the media can create, manage and control our impressions of what should be seen as real, important and normative

THANK YOU