Promoting Human Rights and Responsibilities

Prepared and Presented by:

Ernesto E. Empig, DiSDS

Professor: Dr. Marilou S. Nanaman

What is Human Rights?

•Human: nounA member of the Homo sapiens species; a man, woman or child; a person.

• Rights: nounThings to which you are entitled or allowed; freedoms that are guaranteed.

•Human Rights: nounThe rights you have simply because you are human.

http://www.humanrights.com/what-are-human-rights.html

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What is Human Rights?

•Human: nounA member of the Homo sapiens species; a man, woman or child; a person.

• Rights: nounThings to which you are entitled or allowed; freedoms that are guaranteed.

•Human Rights: nounThe rights you have simply because you are human.

http://www.humanrights.com/what-are-human-rights.html

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What is Human Rights?

Human rights are rights inherent to all human beings, whatever our nationality, place of residence,

sex, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, language, or any other status. We are all equally

entitled to our human rights without discrimination. These rights are all interrelated, interdependent and

indivisible.

-- Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights

http://www.ohchr.org/EN/Issues/Pages/WhatareHumanRights.aspx

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A BRIEF HISTORY OFHUMAN RIGHTS

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The Cyrus Cylinder (539 B.C.)

The decrees Cyrus made on human rights were inscribed in the Akkadian language on a baked-clay cylinder.

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http://www.humanrights.com/

The Spread of Human Rights

Cyrus the Great, the first king of Persia, freed the slaves of Babylon, 539 B.C.

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The Magna Carta (1215)

Magna Carta, or “Great Charter,” signed by the King of England in 1215, was a turning point in human rights.

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Petition of Right (1628)

In 1628 the English Parliament sent this statement of civil liberties to King Charles I.

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United States Declaration of Independence (1776)

In 1776, Thomas Jefferson penned the American Declaration of Independence.

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The Constitution of the United States of America (1787) and Bill of Rights (1791)

The Bill of Rights of the US Constitution protects basic freedoms of United States citizens.

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Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen (1789)

Following the French Revolution in 1789, the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen granted specific freedoms from oppression, as an “expression of the general will.”

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The First Geneva Convention (1864)

The original document from the first Geneva Convention in 1864 provided for care to wounded soldiers.

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The United Nations (1945)

Fifty nations met in San Francisco in 1945 and formed the United Nations to protect and promote peace.

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The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948)

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights has inspired a number of other human rights laws and treaties throughout the world.

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UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OFHUMAN RIGHTS - AN INTRODUCTION

United Nations representatives from all regions of the world formally adopted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights on December 10, 1948.

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PREAMBLE

• foundation of freedom, justice and peace in the world

• freedom of speech and belief and freedom from fear and want

• human rights should be protected by the rule of law

• promote the development of friendly relations between nations

• promote social progress and better standards of life in larger freedom

• promotion of universal respect for and observance of human rights and fundamental freedoms,

• understanding of these rights and freedoms is of the greatest importance Pre

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1. WE ARE ALL BORN FREE AND EQUAL

All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights.

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2. DON’T DISCRIMINATE

Everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration, without distinction of any kind, such as race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status.

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3. THE RIGHT TO LIFE

Everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of person.

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4. NO SLAVERY

No one shall be held in slavery or servitude; slavery and the slave trade shall be prohibited in all their forms.

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5. NO TORTURE

No one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment.

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6. YOU HAVE RIGHTS NO MATTER WHERE YOU GO

Everyone has the right to recognition everywhere as a person before the law.

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7. WE'RE ALL EQUAL BEFORE THE LAW

All are equal before the law and are entitled without any discrimination to equal protection of the law.

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8. YOUR HUMAN RIGHTS ARE PROTECTED BY LAW

Everyone has the right to an effective remedy by the competent national tribunals for acts violating the fundamental rights granted him by the constitution or by law. P

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9. NO UNFAIR DETAINMENT

No one shall be subjected to arbitrary arrest, detention or exile.

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10. THE RIGHT TO TRIAL

Everyone is entitled in full equality to a fair and public hearing by an independent and impartial tribunal, in the determination of his rights and obligations and of any criminal charge against him. P

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11. WE'RE ALWAYS INNOCENT TILL PROVEN GUILTY

1. Everyone charged with a penal offence has the right to be presumed innocent until proved guilty

2. No one shall be held guilty of any penal offence on account of any act or omission which did not constitute a penal offence

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12. THE RIGHT TO PRIVACY

No one shall be subjected to arbitrary interference with his privacy, family, home or correspondence, nor to attacks upon his honour and reputation. Everyone has the right to the protection of the law against such interference or attacks.

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13. FREEDOM TO MOVE

• 1. Everyone has the right to freedom of movement and residence within the borders of each State.

• 2. Everyone has the right to leave any country, including his own, and to return to his country.

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14. THE RIGHT TO ASYLUM

• 1. Everyone has the right to seek and to enjoy in other countries asylum from persecution.

• 2. This right may not be invoked in the case of prosecutions genuinely arising from nonpolitical crimes or from acts contrary to the purposes and principles of the United Nations.

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15. RIGHT TO A NATIONALITY

1. Everyone has the right to a nationality.

2. No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his nationality nor denied the right to change his nationality. P

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16. MARRIAGE AND FAMILY1. Men and women of full age, without any limitation due to race, nationality or religion, have the right to marry and to found a family.

2. Marriage shall be entered into only with the free and full consent of the intending spouses.

3. The family is the natural and fundamental group unit of society and is entitled to protection by society and the State.

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17. THE RIGHT TO OWNERSHIP

1. Everyone has the right to own property alone as well as in association with others.

2. No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his property. P

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18. FREEDOM OF THOUGHT

Everyone has the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion

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19. FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION

Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression

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20. THE RIGHT TO PUBLIC ASSEMBLY

1. Everyone has the right to freedom of peaceful assembly and association.

2. No one may be compelled to belong to an association.

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21. THE RIGHT TO DEMOCRACY

• 1. Everyone has the right to take part in the government of his country, directly or through freely chosen representatives.

• 2. Everyone has the right to equal access to public service in his country.

• 3. The will of the people shall be the basis of the authority of government.

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22. SOCIAL SECURITY

Everyone, as a member of society, has the right to social security and is entitled to realization, through national effort and international co-operation and in accordance with the organization and resources of each State, of the economic, social and cultural rights indispensable for his dignity and the free development of his personality.

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23. WORKERS’ RIGHTS1. the right to work, to free choice of employment

2. the right to equal pay for equal work.

3. the right to just and favourable remuneration ensuring for himself and his family

4. the right to form and to join trade unions for the protection of his interests

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24. THE RIGHT TO PLAY

Everyone has the right to rest and leisure, including reasonable limitation of working hours and periodic holidays with pay.

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25. FOOD AND SHELTER FOR ALL

1. Everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for the health and well-being of himself and of his family

2. Motherhood and childhood are entitled to special care and assistance P

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26. THE RIGHT TO EDUCATION1. Everyone has the right to education. Education shall be free, at least in the elementary and fundamental stages. shall be equally accessible to all on the basis of merit.

2. Education shall be directed to the full development of the human personality and to the strengthening of respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms.

3. Parents have a prior right to choose the kind of education that shall be given to their children.

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27. COPYRIGHT1. Everyone has the right freely to participate in the cultural life of the community, to enjoy the arts and to share in scientific advancement and its benefits.

2. Everyone has the right to the protection of the moral and material interests resulting from any scientific, literary or artistic production of which he is the author.

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28. A FAIR AND FREE WORLD

Everyone is entitled to a social and international order in which the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration can be fully realized.

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29. RESPONSIBILITY

1. Everyone has duties to the community in which alone the free and full development of his personality is possible.

2. In the exercise of his rights and freedoms, everyone shall be subject only to such limitations as are determined by law.

3. These rights and freedoms may in no case be exercised contrary to the purposes and principles of the UN.

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30. NO ONE CAN TAKE AWAY YOUR HUMAN RIGHTS

Nothing in this Declaration may be interpreted as implying for any State, group or person any right to engage in any activity or to perform any act aimed at the destruction of any of the rights and freedoms set forth herein.

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Declaration on the Right and Responsibility of Individuals, Groups

and Organs of Society to Promote and Protect Universally Recognized

Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms

abbreviated to “The Declaration on human rights defenders”

Source: http://www.ohchr.org/EN/Issues/SRHRDefenders/Pages/Declaration.aspx

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The Declaration on human rights defenders

1.Legal character

2.The Declaration’s provisions

• (a) Rights and protections accorded to human rights defenders

• (b) The duties of States

• (c) The responsibilities of everyone

• (d) The role of national law

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(a) Rights and protections accorded to human rights defenders

Articles 1, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12 and 13 of the Declaration provide specific protections to

human rights defenders.

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The duties of States

States have a responsibility to implement and respect all the provisions of the Declaration.

However, articles 2, 9, 12, 14 and 15 make particular reference to the role of States and indicate that

each State has a responsibility and duty:

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The responsibilities of everyone

Articles 10, 11 and 18 outline responsibilities for everyone to promote human rights, to safeguard

democracy and its institutions and not to violate the human rights of others.

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The role of national law

Articles 3 and 4 outline the relationship of the Declaration to national and international law with a

view to assuring the application of the highest possible legal standards of human rights.

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Human Rights Legal Issuances in the Philippines

• Article III Of The 1987 Constitution Of The Republic Of The Philippines

• REPUBLIC ACT NO. 10368 - Human Rights Victims Reparation and Recognition Act of 2013

• R.A. 9372 – HUMAN SECURITY ACT OF 2007

http://www.ihumanrights.ph/help-2/article-iii-of-the-1987-constitution-of-the-republic-of-the-philippines/http://www.gov.ph/2013/02/25/republic-act-no-10368/http://jlp-law.com/blog/ra-9327-human-security-act-of-2007-full-text/

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Human Rights Legal Issuances in the Philippines

• Republic Act 9710 Magna Carta of Women

• REPUBLIC ACT No. 10364 - Expanded Anti-Trafficking in Persons Act of 2012

• Republic Act 9745: An Act Penalizing Torture and other Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment or Punishment

http://web.csc.gov.ph/cscsite2/2014-02-21-08-16-56/2014-02-21-08-19-19/magna-carta-of-women-r-a-9710http://www.lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra2013/ra_10364_2013.htmlhttp://www.congress.gov.ph/download/ra_14/RA09745.pdf

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Are we really observing and implementing human rights?

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Human Rights Day 2014: 10 Worst Human Rights Violations of the Year

Soruce: http://www.ibtimes.co.in/human-rights-day-10-worst-human-rights-violations-2014-that-will-shock-you-616641

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1.All ISIS Beheadings, Rapes, Child Abuses:

The brutal executions of innocent people by the deadly Islamic State (ISIS) militants who continue to wreak havoc in northern Iraq and Syria after swallowing a swathe of land, which they arbitrary call a caliphate, are the gravest crimes and human rights violations.

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2.US Police Shootings of Blacks

Police atrocities against blacks have been in the headlines for much of this year and have sparked one of the worst protests in recent memory. What incensed the already angry members of the black community were the two grand jury decisions not to indict police officers charged with the killings.

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3.'Virginity Test' in Indonesia

Female applicants to Indonesia's National Police had to go through a mandatory "virginity test", which the authorities require woman – and not men – to undertake as part of the application process

https://www.hrw.org/news/2014/11/17/indonesia-virginity-tests-female-police

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4.Saudi 'Woman Drivers' Arrested

Even in 2014, Saudi authorities continue to detain women for driving. In the latest case, two women driving on the Saudi side of the border of the UAE were detained for over six days .

http://www.nydailynews.com/news/world/saudi-women-jailed-driving-terror-court-article-1.2061126

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5.Iranian Woman executed for killing Rapist

Rayhaneh Jabbari, 26, was hanged by an Iranian court for the 2007 killing of Morteza Abdolali Sarbandi, who had tried to rape her. The case has become a symbol of the worst human rights violation in Iran.

http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/reyhaneh-jabbari-executed-iran-hangs-woman-for-murder-of-her-alleged-attempted-rapist-9817712.html

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Human Rights Day 2014: 6 - 10 Worst Human Rights Violations of the Year

•6.China's Use of Executed Prisoner's Organs

•7.Operation Likofi, Congo

•8.Russian Abuse of Crimeans

•9.Life Prison for Being Gay in Gambia

•10.North Korea Torture Pre

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The 10 Worst Countries For Human Rights

http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/12/03/human-rights-risk-atlas-2014-violations-maplecroft_n_4374133.html

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PHILIPPINES 2014 HUMAN RIGHTS REPORT

• Section 1. Respect for the Integrity of the Person, Including Freedom from:

• a. Arbitrary or Unlawful Deprivation of Life

• b. Disappearance

• c. Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman, or Degrading Treatment or Punishment

• d. Arbitrary Arrest or Detention

• e. Denial of Fair Public Trial

• f. Arbitrary Interference with Privacy, Family, Home, or Correspondence

• g. Use of Excessive Force and Other Abuses in Internal Conflicts

http://www.state.gov/documents/organization/236682.pdf

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PHILIPPINES 2014 HUMAN RIGHTS REPORT

•Section 2. Respect for Civil Liberties, Including:

• a. Freedom of Speech and Press

• b. Freedom of Peaceful Assembly and Association

• c. Freedom of Religion

• d. Freedom of Movement, Internally Displaced Persons, Protection of Refugees, and Stateless Persons

• Section 3. Respect for Political Rights: The Right of Citizens to Change Their Government

• Section 4. Corruption and Lack of Transparency in Government

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PHILIPPINES 2014 HUMAN RIGHTS REPORT

• Section 5. Governmental Attitude Regarding International and Nongovernmental Investigation of Alleged Violations of Human Rights

• Section 6. Discrimination, Societal Abuses, and Trafficking in Persons

• Section 7. Worker Rights

• a. Freedom of Association and the Right to Collective Bargaining

• b. Prohibition of Forced or Compulsory Labor

• c. Prohibition of Child Labor and Minimum Age for Employment

• d. Discrimination with Respect to Employment or Occupation

• e. Acceptable Conditions of Work

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Promoting Human Rights in the Philippines

http://www.chr.gov.ph/MAIN%20PAGES/about%20us/PDF/2014/CHR_Strat_Plan20152016.pdf

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Information and Communication Technology for Human Rights Promotion

• The use of ICT in human rights promotion: A case study of the African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights

• ICT and Human Rights An ecosystem approach

• ICTs in Support of Human Rights, Democracy and Good Governance

• Protecting Human Rights in the Digital Age Pre

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END OF PRESENTATIONThank you for listening

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