Submitted By

Hassan NooraniBAgF14M064 (2014-2018)

University College of Agriculture,University Of Sargodha

COMMUNICATION IS THE ART OF TRANSMITTING KNOWLEDGE, IDEAS,

INFORMATION AND THOUGHTSFROM ONE PERSON TO ANOTHER.

What is Communication??

Factors Effecting Communication

•Different languages in the world•As a bridge •As a barrier•Jargons•Technical language

Language

Communication Channel•A medium through which a message is transmitted to its intended audience, such as print media or broadcast (electronic) media.•Before you choose your communication channel you should ask yourself whether the channel is appropriate for particular purpose and the person ( receiver) have in mind.

•Telephone, Radio, Electronic Mail, Television etc.

Homophones

Homographs

Homonyms

SIMILAR SOUNDING WORDS buy/bye/by

WORDS HAVE MULTIPLE PRONUNCIATIONS We must polish the Polish furniture

WORDS HAVE MULTIPLE MEANINGNever desert your friends in the desert.

The systematic study of transmission of meaning is semantics

semantics

• Perceived credibility of the source by the receiver may be a serious barrier to effective communication.

• An incredible source is unlikely to be listened to.

Credibility

• Blaring of loud speakers• Poor telephone line• Faulty TV cable• Adverse weather conditions interfering

transmission• Faulty encoding• Inattention on the part of listener• Faulty decoding

Noise

• Availability of huge amounts of data which the receiver is unable to handle effectively

• Results-fatigue, disinterest and boredom• Very often relevant information gets mixed up with

irrelevant details and therefore goes ignored by receiver.

Information Over Loaded

• Spiritual and religious beliefs are important in many people’s lives. They can influence lifestyle, attitudes, and feelings about illness and death.

• Being from different religions or castes can act as a barrier to communicate on a personal or professional level.

Religion

The length of message also affects communication process. You need to be sure that it serves the purpose and appropriate for the receiver.

Length Of Message

DisabilitiesYou may need to use hearing aids, sign language, minifying system and symbols to alleviate problems caused by disabilities.

Known and unknown receiver

• Whether the receiver is known to you also plays a major role in determining the effectiveness of your communication.• A known receiver may be better able to understand your message.

The sender and receiver of a message may be of a equal status within a hierarchy or hey may be at different level. This difference in status sometimes affects the effectiveness of communication process

Job Level

• Effective communication requires a high level attention

• People may not attentive to massage• Good communicator tries to keep active your

audience

Day Dreaming

Situation when person fails to distinguish between true dichotomy and artificial one

Polarization

Differing frames of reference

• Source and receiver face difficulty in communicating• They may not be able to understand each other

TouchCan convey caring, understanding, encouragement, warmth, reassurance and affection.

PersonalitySometimes the method of communication needs to take into consideration the receivers personality traits, age and preferred style

Eye Contact Generally interpreted as indicatinginterest and attention.

• Tones includes pleasant, sincere, sorrowful , sarcastic, joyful or anger.

• The same words said with different tones of voice can have different meanings.

Tone of Voice

Gender•Socially, sexual differences have been used to justify

different roles for men and women, in some cases giving rise to claims of primary and secondary roles.

Physical Appearance• A clean, neat ,appropriately dress individual conveys a positive self image Knowledge and complaisance.• Does influence communication.

CultureWe communicate the way we do because we are raised in particular culture and learn its language, rules, and norms. Different cultures (and sub cultures)may have different rules and norms. Understanding the other's culture facilitates cross-cultural communication

Personal SpaceHumans have four comfort zones. i) Family, Friendsii) Personaliii) Socialiv) Public

Body Language •Often a good indicator of a persons attitude.•Open a body position , with the arms held freely at the sides are usually taken to a respective manner or attitude.• Talking with hands.• Clarify your message.• Hold other attention.

Speaking• Lack of Subject Matter• Improper Listening Skills• Lack of Proper Vocabulary• Anxiety• Strong and Quick Learners Domination in the

Class• Lack of Proper Orientation