RAINBOW STORAGE TECHNOLOGY

B.Satish Kumar

CONTENTS

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INTRODUCTIONHOW DOES IT LOOK LIKE ?HOW IS IT POSSIBLE ?RAINBOW PICTURE GENERATIONPROCESS OF STORING DATAWORKINGCOMPARISION WITH OTHER STORAGE

DEVICESADVATAGESDISADVANTAGESFUTURE SCOPECONCLUSIONREFERENCES

INTRODUCTION

• Rainbow Technology is a develop in Nov 2006.

• It store’s data up to a massive 450 GB

• Rainbow Technology is a developed by paper-based data storage technique .

• The first Rainbow Technology was demonstrated by Indian student named Sainul Abideen in November 2006.

• Actually Rainbow Storage is not a method to store data on paper but it is a group of techniques to represent data in the form of colour, colour groups and some symbols.

• We can use any colour representable media as storage medium including paper and plastic sheets.

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INTRODUCTION

• Instead of using 0s and 1s here we are using colour dots.

• Each colour dot can represent minimum 8 bits (1 byte).

• By using some groups and symbols, we can also increase the density in to some extent.

• Rainbow technology, a breakthrough in digital data storage enables us to

store up to a massive 450 GB on just a piece of paper. • Rainbow Storage is a group of techniques to store digital data in some

colours, colour combinations and some symbols known as rainbow format, and therefore a rainbow picture will be generated. With the help of Rainbow system we would be watching full-length high-definition videos from a piece of paper. 4

• Each and every technology is based on some principle and follows that principle throughout its life cycle. So this technology is based on two basic principles which are as follows: • Principle I 

Every color or color combinations can be converted in to some values and from the values the colors or color combinations can be regenerated. 

• Principle II  Every different color or color combinations will produce different values.

PRINCIPLES

HOW DOES IT LOOK LIKE?

Data stored in rainbow format on an ordinary paper.

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It uses geometric shapes such as squares and hexagons to represent data patterns, instead of the usual binary method that uses ones and zeros to represent data.

Files such as text, images, sounds and video clips are encoded in "rainbow format" as coloured circles, triangles, squares and so on, and printed as dense graphics on paper at a density of 2.7GB per square inch.

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HOW IS IT POSSIBLE? (con...)

Instead of using 0s and 1s, we use color dots where each color dot can represent minimum 8 bits (1 byte). The rainbow picture will be highly compressed and can be represented in any color medium.

"Although environmental light differences and color shading is a problem, it can overcome up to a certain limit by using efficient mapping functions".

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HOW IS IT POSSIBLE? (con...)

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RAINBOW PICTURE GENERATION

DATA FILECONVERSION ALGORITHM

RAINBOW SYMBOL

TABLE(RST)

SECURITY & AUTHENTICATION

DATA

ERROR HANDLER

RAINBOW PICTURE

• Printing at 1,200 dots per inch (DPI) leads to a theoretical

maximum of 1,440,000 colored dots per square inch.

• If a scanner can reliably distinguish between 256 unique colors,

the maximum possible storage is approximately 140 megabytes

for a sheet of A4 paper.

• If the scanner were able to accurately distinguish between

16,777,216 colors (24 bits, or 3 bytes per dot), the capacity would

triple claims of several hundred gigabytes. 10

PROCESS OF STORAGE DATA(con...)

Level-1

Data to Data Picture:Data to Data Picture conversion takes place in four steps.

• A chunk of data bits are taken from data source (Normally Binary file), which is

known as a word.

• The word can be converted into a value that will be unique for each different

combination of bits.

• The value then passes through some error checking mechanisms. After producing

some error correction bits, it will attach to the data picture.

• Thus the final output (Data Picture) will be generated.11

PROCESS OF STORAGE DATA(con...)

Level-2

Data Picture to Data:Data Picture to data conversion uses just the reverse process.

• Data Picture is taken as an input and the parameters like UPD, PBM, etc are

read from the header

• Value mapping functions are used for mapping the arrangements done on

actual data.

• Some errors that occur due to color fading can also be handled at this stage.

The values are passed through some error correction mechanisms. Fault

tolerance and automatic repair is also performed at this stage.

• Then the value to word conversion takes place. The encoded Data Picture is

hence decoded into the result data which will be the original data. 12

PROCESS OF STORAGE DATA(con...)

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RVD

READ THE RAINBOW FORMATRAINBOW FORMAT DATA 1010101

PRINT RAINBOW FORMAT

DATA RAINBOW FORMAT 1010101

WORKING OF RT

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ABSOLUTE WORKING OF RT DOTS

Absolute rainbow dots are used to detect errors caused by scratches, and whether any fading has occurred. Absolute rainbow dots are predefined dots carrying a unique value. These dots can be inserted in the rainbow picture in pre-specified areas. If fading occurs these dot values will change accordingly, and at the reproduction stage this can be checked and corrected. Absolute rainbow dots will be microscopically small so that they occupy very little space in the rainbow picture. These will be colored differently so that each dot will have its own fixed unique value.

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ABSOLUTE WORKING OF RT DOTS

Picture of a wall post containing hidden data in its eyes

Zoomed view of Image

FLOPPY DISK : Only 1.44MB of space

USB memory stick(Pen-drive): Available from 1GB to 36GB.

CD/DVD’s : CD’s have storage space up to 700MB DVD’s have storage space 4.5 to 17GB

HARD DISK : Can hold anything from 3.75MB to 3 TB.

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COMPARISION WITH OTHER DEVICES

The extremely low-cost technology will drastically reduce the cost of storage and provide for high speed storage too.

Files in any format like movie files, songs, images, text can be stored using this technology.

The biodegradable nature of the storage devices would do away with the e-waste pollution.

The four main storage devices made using this technology are RVD, Disposable storage. 17

ADVANTAGES

Another theme put forward by rainbow technology is the Data Banks.

It is huge server with a high storage capacity. As per a research project done in US in 2003 to store the available static data, the server required will cost $500 crores(23000 crores).

But by using data banks ,a similar server can be made with Rs.35 lacks.

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WORKING OF RT(con...)

The paper has the tendency to fade away hence the data loss may occur.

With the extremely low cost of using this technology we can always afford to have multiple copies.

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DIS-ADVANTAGES

The developer is simultaneously moulding the technology into 'Rainbow Cards' which will be of SIM card size and store 5 GB of data equivalent to three films of DVD quality.

As 'Rainbow Cards' will become Popular, Rainbow Card Readers will replace CD drives of mobile phone and computer notebooks

Large scale manufacture of the Rainbow card will bring down its cost to just 50 paise

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FUTURE SCOPE

Once the Rainbow technology is in, soon we would be watching full-length high-definition videos from a piece of paper!

With the popularity of the Rainbow Technology, computer or fashion magazines in future need not carry CDs in a pack.

It should cost a lot less to produce than the typical polycarbonate DVDs, CDs and now Blu- rays. Huge data banks can be constructed out of Rainbow-based storage medium.

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CONCLUSION

"Data Can Now Be Stored on Paper" by M. A. Siraj, Arab News (published November 18, 2006; accessed November 29, 2006) "Store 256GB on an A4 sheet" by Chris Mellor, Techworld (published November 24, 2006; accessed November 29, 2006) IT Soup: Scam of Indian student developing technology to store 450 GB of data on a sheet of paper By IT Soup (published November 25, 2006; accessed November 25, 2006)

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REFERENCES

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