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Omar Soto Blé
What was WWII?
World War II, or the Second World War global military conflict from 1939 to 1945, which was fought between the Allied powers of the United States, United Kingdom, and Soviet Union against the Axis powers of Germany, Italy, and Japan, with their respective allies. Over 60 million people, the majority of them civilians, were killed, making it the deadliest conflict in human history.
The Begining of WWII
The start of the war is generally held to be 1 September 1939, beginning with the German
invasion of Poland; Britain and France declared war on Germany two days later. Other dates for
the beginning of war include the start of the Second Sino-Japanese War on 7 July 1937.
Important Events of WWII
Germany Invades Poland.
When Hitler invaded Poland in September 1939, France and
Britain declared war on Germany. After conquering Poland, Germany attacked
France. France fell in June 1940, and soon the Nazis overran
most of the rest of Europe and North Africa. Only Britain, led by
Winston Churchill, was not defeated.
Stalingrad
On June 22, 1941, four million troops poured over the Russian border. Within one month, over two and half
million Russians had been killed, wounded or captured. The Germans made tremendous
advances into Russia – into portions of Moscow, Leningrad, and Stalingrad.
And then winter hit. The Germans were caught in summer uniforms, and it was a bitter, cold winter that
year.Stalin, using sheer force of numbers, threw another
two million soldiers at the Germans.Battle of Stalingrad 1942 photo courtesy of National
Archive The German offensive sputtered, and then stopped. The German army was about 1,800 miles
away from home, and the railroads did not work.In the spring of the next year (1943), another German
offensive was launched especially around the approaches to Stalingrad. What followed can only be
described as a nine-month titanic battle, with the result that the German Sixth Army in Russia was
almost completely destroyed. That was the beginning of the end for Germany, but it would take three more years of desperate fighting, and millions and millions
of people dead before it was all over.
Battle of Midway
The turning point in the war in the Pacific came in June, 1942 at the Battle of Midway. In a four day battle fought between aircraft based on giant aircraft carriers, the U.S. destroyed hundreds of Japanese planes and regained control of the Pacific. The Japanese continued to fight on, however, even after the war in Europe ended.
Following the attack on Peal Harbor, Japanese armies rolled over Southeast Asia, the Philippines, and the East Indies. The war in the Pacific was fought on land, at sea, and in the air.
D-DayOn D-Day, June 6, 1944 , General Dwight Eisenhower led U.S. and Allied troops in an invasion of Normandy, France.
The armies fought their way through France and
Belgium and into Germany while Russian troops fought from the east.
On May 7, 1945,
Germany surrendered.
Hiroshima and NagasakiThe Japanese fought on even
after the war in Europe ended. Truman decided to use the newly developed atomic bomb to end the war quickly and prevent more U.S. casualties. The Enola Gay dropped an atomic bomb on Hiroshima, Japan on August 6, 1945, killing about 78,000 people and injuring 100,000 more. On August 9, a second bomb was dropped on Nagasaki, Japan, killing another 40,000 people.
Anti-semitism
Germany,1936. llustration from an
anti-Semitic children's book. The
sign reads "Jews are not wanted
here."
In part, the Nazi party gained popularity by disseminating anti-Jewis
propaganda. Millions bought Hitler's book Mein Kampf (My Struggle), which
called for the removal of Jews from Germany.With the Nazi rise to power in
1933, the party ordered anti-Jewish boycotts, staged book burnings, and
enacted anti-Jewish legislation. In 1935, the Nuremberg Laws defined Jews by
blood and ordered the total separation of "Aryans" and "non-Aryans." On
November 9, 1938, the Nazis destroyed synagogues and the shop windows of
Jewish-owned stores throughout Germany and Austria (Kristallnacht).
The HolocaustThe Holocaust was the systematic persecution and murder of approximately six million Jews by the Nazi regime. The Nazis, who came to power in Germany in January 1933, believed that Germans were "racially superior" and that the Jews, deemed "inferior," were "unworthy of life." During the era of the Holocaust, the Nazis also targeted other groups because of their perceived "racial inferiority": Roma (Gypsies), the handicapped, and some of the Slavic peoples (Poles, Russians, and others).In 1933, the Jewish population of Europe stood at over nine million. By 1945, close to two out of every three European Jews had been killed as part of the "Final Solution", the Nazi policy to murder the Jews of Europe.
Axis Germany
Japan (1937–45)
Italy (1940–43)
Hungary (1940–
45)
Romania (1941–
44)
Bulgaria (1941–
44)
Important CountriesCo-belligerents
Finland (1941–44)
Thailand (1942–45)
Iraq (1941)Client and puppet states
Manchukuo
Italian Social
Republic (1943–45)
Croatia (1941–45)
Second Philippine
Republic(1944–45)
Serbia (1941–44)
Slovakia
Alies Soviet Union (1941–45) United States (1941–45)
United Kingdom China (1937–45)
France Poland Canada
Australia New Zealand South Africa British India
Yugoslavia (1941–45) Greece (1940–45) Norway (1940–45)
Netherlands (1940–45) Belgium (1940–45)
Czechoslovakia Brazil (1942–45) Mexico (1942–45
Client and puppet states
Commonwealth of the
Philippines (1941–45)
Mongolia (1945)
Important People Commanders and leaders
Allied leaders
General Secretary of the Central Committee of
the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
Joseph Stalin
32nd President of the United
States
Franklin D.
Roosevelt
Winston Churchil
lPrime Minister of the United Kingdom
Chiang Kai-shek
Chairman of the National
Government of China
Axis leaders
Führer of Germany
Adolf Hitler
HirohitoEmperor of
Japan
Benito Mussolini
Head of Government of
Italy andDuce of Fascism
End of World War II
Timeline of surrenders and deaths
I. Allied forces begin to take large numbers of Axis prisoners.\
II. Germans leave Finland.III.Mussolini's death.
IV. Hitler's death.V. German forces in Italy surrender.
VI.German forces in Berlin surrender.VII.German forces in North West Germany, Denmark, and the
Netherlands surrender.VIII. German forces in Bavaria surrender.
IX.Central Europe.X. Hermann Göring's surrender.
XI.German forces in Breslau surrender.XII.German forces on the Channel Islands surrender.
XIII. Jodl and Keitel surrender all German armed forces unconditionally.
XIV. Victory in Europe.XV. German units cease fire.
XVI. Dönitz government ordered dissolved by Eisenhower.XVII. Declaration Regarding the Defeat of Germany and the
Assumption of Supreme Authority by Allied Powers.XVIII. Cessation of hostilities between the United States and
Germany.XIX. End of state of war with Germany.
XX. The full authority of a sovereign state.
Fuentes: http://
www.sparknotes.com/history/european/ww2/summary.html
http://www.historyonthenet.com/WW2/causes.htm
http://www.solpass.org/7ss/standards/MajorEvents.htm
http://www.shmoop.com/wwii/timeline.html