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vertebrates
-
VERTEBRATES CHARACTERISTICS:
Have backbones
Most are sea and land dwellers
The nerve cord is enclosed by the
projections of the vertebrae
The tail can be the bone and
muscle
TYPES OF VERTEBRATES
Fishes
A. Jawless Fish
B. Cartilaginous Fish
C. Bony fish
Amphibians
Reptiles
Bird
Mammals
FISHES
Found in salty, fresh, cold, or even hot water
Most have scales
Paired fins
Gills
Lay eggs
Cold-blooded
A. JAWLESS FISH
Do not have true teeth
or maybe jawless as
compared to others
Have toothlike
structures
Class Agnathna
Lampreys
Hag fish
Characteristics: Examples:
B. CARTILAGINOUS FISH
Have jaws and use
them in deadly effect
Most are covered w/
tough, sandpaperlike
skin due to the
presence of toothlike
scales.
Sharks
Rays
Skates
Characteristics: Examples:
Shark
Rays
C. BONY FISH
Class Osteichthyes
Have endoskeleton
Bangus (milkfish)
Tuna
Goldfish
Tilapia
Characteristics: Examples:
Bangus (milkfish)
Goldfish
AMPHIBIANS
Amphibia Means “double life”
Lay small eggs, shell-less eggs surrounded by
jellylike substance in moist places or water
Tadpoles (with gills and tails)
Moist skin
3 GROUPS:
Caecilians
-live in water or bury
themselves in moist soil
Caecilian
Salamanders
-live in the forest floors
under rocks and decaying logs
CUTE SALAMANDER
Frog and Toads
-both jump, some leap and attach to tree trunks and branches. Toads are terrestrial. Frogs have smooth skin while toads have rough or warty skin. Frogs and toads eat worms, insects or small animals.
Frogs
Toad
REPTILES
Live on land
Lay eggs with shell to protect them from drying
Have smooth or rough scales for protection from
loss of body water
EXAMPLES:
Lizards and snakes
- do have smooth scales.
Tuko
Cobra
Crocodiles and alligators
-Alligators live in freshwater
only to be found in North and
South America. Crocodiles live
in fresh and salty waters in
tropical and subtropical regions.
GIANT CROCODILE “LOLONG”
Turtles and tortoises
-enclosed in shell. Tortoises
live on land while the turtles
live mostly in water
TURTLE
TORTOISE
BIRDS
Adapted to land life, most bird are adapted to fly.
Have eggs w/ shells, and the legs are covered w/
scales
Body temperature remains the same despite
varying temp. due to the insulation provided by the
feathers.
Characteristics of birds that enable them to fly
include:
Presence of wings and feathers
Large flight muscles in the breast bone and;
Reduced weight……….
PHILIPPINE EAGLE
MAMMALS
Have mammary glands
Have fur / hair
Breathe in air
Have four-chambered hearts
Warm-bloodied
Give birth to live young and care for them
GROUPS OF MAMMALS
Monotremes
-lay eggs similar to those of
birds.
-The spiny anteater
(echidnas) living in Australia,
New Zealand and New Guinea
as well as the duck-billed
platypus are monotremes
PLATYPUS
SPINY ANTEATER
Marsupials
-or the pouched mammals also give
birth to live young.
-After birth, the young are kept inside
pouches and are nourished with the milk from
the mammary glands within these pouches.
-Some marsupials are found in Central
and South America. The opossum lives only
in North America. Others, such as the more
familiar koalas, kangaroos, and wombats and
flying phalangers, are found in Australia and
New Zealand.
Kangaroo
KANGAROO
KOALA
OPOSSUM
Eutherians
-compromise the largest
group of mammals
-known as the placental
mammals, they bear fully
developed young inside the
mother’s uterus.
HUMAN
ARMADILLOS
THE END!!!
Hope that you learn something
Sheena S. O. L.