Energy efficient lighting technologies

SCoopENERGY SOLUTIONS

Presented by

Vishwajeet Rajwaday

Energy Efficient Lightinga brief on emerging technologies


2

2 Important Emerging Technologies

© SCoop Energy Solutions 2012

• We see 2 important Emerging Technologies in Lighting

• Induction Lighting

• LED Lighting

• While neither of the 2 technologies are really “New” they are very relevant in today’s world.

• This presentation tries to understand both the technologies better.

• Like with any technology, the importance lies in “Application”. Each new technology will be strong in a specific application

• This presentation attempts to find the MOST suited applications of these new technologies.

3


PART 1: INDUCTION LIGHTING



4

A Brief History


• Induction Lighting was first introduced to the world in the Nikola Tesla Experiment in 1891

• First Commercial Induction Lamp introduced by General Electric in 1967

• Other companies like Philips (1992) and Osram (1996) followed

• Lamp did not gain popularity at the time due to high production costs and decision of the BIG lamp companies not to support development when Electrical Power was Cheap and Abundant

• Induction Lamp becomes relevant today due to rising electricity costs, and power shortage. Nicola Tesla

Image Courtesy Wikipedia

SCoopENERGY SOLUTIONSWorking Principle

1. Magnetic induction lamps are essentially fluorescent lamps with electromagnets wrapped around a section of the lamp tube.

2. A High frequency current, when passed through the wire coil on ferrite rings as shown Induces a magnetic field in the Lamp Tube.

3. An Inert Gas inside the lamp is excited by the magnetic field & turns into plasma.

4. When excited particles of plasma return to the ground state, they radiate UV light, which is converted into visible light by phosphor coating on inner glass surface same way as in fluorescent lamps.


6

Key Features


• Low Lumen Decay

• Environment Friendly – Lowest use of Mercury and easy extraction of Mercury

• Low Glare

The Large Light Emitting Surface of Induction Lamps causes very little Glare even while viewing

with the naked Eye


Lamp type Amount of Hg

Usage per 20 K hr

Conventional 12 – 20 mg 15-30 mg

Induction 10-12 mg 1.3 mg

Solid mercury amalgam ball

Lowest mercury contamination

• Solid Amalgam Mercury Used – Easy and Safe during Disposal after End of Life

• Lowest Amount of Mercury used on Usage per 20,000 hours basis (Highest Life of Conventional Lamps)

SCoopENERGY SOLUTIONSVery Low Lumen decay

8

Induction Lamp : Very Stable light

Conventional Lamp : Faster Light decay in the

initial period

• Conventional Lamps:

• Light Output Drops almost by 20-25% in first 2000~4000 hrs (@ 6-8 Month)

• Induction Lamps:

• Light output remains STABLE (<10%) over 80,000-90,000 hrs ( >10yrs)


9

Key Benefits of Induction


• Efficiency:

• Can deliver an amazing 85-90 Lumens per watt

• Light Quality:

• Large Luminous surface allows for glare-free, soft and pleasing light quality with high CRI > 80

• Low Maintenance

• No Filaments – Expected life of 80,000 plus hours


10

Application Areas


• Due to Low Glare

• AREA lighting – Factories, Warehouses, factory premises, storage yards etc

• Not suitable for Directional lighting like spot lighting or focus lighting

• Due to Low Maintenance

• Ideal for installation at higher Heights (Highbay Lighting)

• Due to Low Impact of Ambient Heat

• Induction Lamps react less to Ambient temperatures, making them ideal for use in Shopfloor areas where ambient temperatures tend to get quite high


11

Strengths and Weaknesses


• Strengths:

• Environment friendly: Very Low Mercury consumption and Very high Energy Efficiency.

• Light Quality: High CRI and Low glare makes it ideal for long working hours use causing minimum strain to the EYES, leading to Higher Employee Productivity

• Low Maintenance: Electrodeless Technology leads to very low maintenance and hence Lower Production Stoppages.

• Weaknesses

• Difficult for Optical Control: Large profile of Induction Lamp makes it less suitable for accurate optical control. Hence,

• Not suitable for Directional Lighting like Spot Lighting or office lighting etc.

• Best suited for Highbay applications and Area / Floodlighting applications, where quality of light and glarefree work environment are important.


12

summary


• Induction Lighting serves as an excellent light source for

• Area Lighting

• Energy Efficiency

• Glarefree Light for High productivity environments.

• Low Maintenance

• Low on Environmental Pollution

SCoopENERGY SOLUTIONSSome installations

Brand Symbols Used for Representative Purposes only

14


PART 2 – LED LIGHTING



15

A Brief History


• Russian Oleg Vladimirovich Losev reported the creation of the first LED in 1927.

• An American Team working for Texas Instruments first applied for the patent of the Infrared LED in 1961

• Shuji Nakamura demonstrated the first high brightness BLUE LED in 1994 and started the development of Current Generation of High Brightness LEDs

Oleg Vladimirovich Losev Pic Courtesy - Wikipedia


16© SCoop Energy Solutions 2012

• High Energy Efficiency: Can Deliver System Efficiency > 85 Lm/Watt

• Small Profile

• Availability in various colours

• Small Light emitting surface – Precise optical Control

• Heat Management at Junctions is tricky

Key Features


17

Key Benefits


• Energy Conservation

• 100 plus Lumens per watt at source

• Great Optical Control

• Well suited for directional lighting like Spots, Tracks, façade lighting etc.

• Office lighting at lower ceiling heights

• High Efficiency street lighting with precise optical control

• Small Footprint

• Allows creation of small profile lighting fixtures

• Creates great opportunity for innovative lighting solutions

• Availability of Colours : Makes it possible for colour Changing, colour lighting etc.



Application Areas

• Retail: Spot Lighting, Focus Lighting

• Colour and Colour Changing: Restaurants, Pubs, Entertainment

• Precision Streetlighting

• Office Lighting with Diffusers



• Strengths:

• High Energy Efficiency

• Small Profile – Makes Optical Control Easy – Very suitable in spotlighting and Precision Streetlighting

• Colours and Colour Temperatures – Makes it very suitable for Retail, Entertainment Lighting etc.

• Weaknesses:

• Management of LED junction temperature within specified limits is tricky, particularly in high ambient temperatures.

• As with all electronics, Dust significantly deteriorates Life, making it unsuitable for Factory Shopfloors, etc, unless used in IP 65, which complicates heat management.

• High Glare – NOT recommended for use if LED source is directly visible for sustained time periods

Strengths and Weaknesses



• LED Lighting is great for precision lighting like Retail, Streetlighting, Hotel and Home Accent Lighting etc.

• Small Profile also makes it suitable for office lighting when used with diffusers (which reduce efficiency slightly)

• Availability of colours makes it suited for entertainment applications

• Heat Management is tricky. LEDs are safe to use in Airconditioned Environments and in outdoor in night-time where ambient temperatures are low.

Summary

21


PART 3: COMPARISON



22

LED v/s Induction


Parameter LED Induction

Efficiency 100 Lumen / Watt 90 Lumen / Watt

Optical Control Very Good Low

Expected Life (L70) 40,000 80,000

Glare High Very Low

Best Ambient Temp Air Conditioned Any Ambient

Maintenance Low Very Low

Best in Wattage 1 to 100W 100 to 400W

Luminaire Size Small Large

Most Suitable Applications Retail, Spot Lighting, Streetlighting, Office Lighting with Diffusers, any focus lighting

Factory Highbay, Flood Lighting, Tunnel Lighting, Warehouses, Area Lighting


23

Summary


• Quality of Light

• Induction: Low Glare, pleasing environment, high productivity in extended work hours and high visual tasks

• LED: Precise optical control. Great for directional lighting. For Area Lighting, requires Diffusers which reduce efficiency

• Life:

• Induction: > 80,000 hours

• LED: > 40,000 hours

• Areas of USE:

• Induction: Industrial Highbays, Area Flood Lighting and Internal roads for safety, High mounting heights

• LED: Shops and Malls, Hotel Rooms, Homes, Offices, Streetlighting etc, small luminaire profile, lower heights.



• We observe that while both Induction and LED are equally competent in Energy Conservation and Energy Efficiency, their strengths are specialised.

• Most modern and energy efficient installations will make a good use of a combination of these technologies.

• Working to each technology’s strengths will lead to sustainable and high quality installations

• Both technologies are here to stay and gaining popularity rapidly.

• We would be pleased to get an opportunity for more in-depth discussions about both technologies for your installations

Conclusions

Thank You

Self Improvement

Energy efficient lighting technologies