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परेखा Outline 1 लगानी ज टाउने िया Funding your Business वितीय चक उपयोग Financial Indicators and uses for Startups वितीय ननयरण र रेकडिङ Financial Control & Recording

Financial control, reporting and fund sourcing lessions for entrepreneurs

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Lessons on Financial Control, Financial Reporting and Fund Sourcing for Entrepreneurs. The presentation includes several financial indicators useful for assessing and controlling company performance. The presentation also speaks of several investment instruments and techniques to impress potential investors through appropriate request for funding proposals.

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Page 1: Financial control, reporting and fund sourcing lessions for entrepreneurs

रूपरेखा Outline

1

लगानी जटुाउने प्रक्रिया Funding your Business

वित्तीय सचूक र उपयोग Financial Indicators and uses for Startups

वित्तीय ननयन्त्रण र रेकर्ड िङ Financial Control & Recording

Page 2: Financial control, reporting and fund sourcing lessions for entrepreneurs

व्यापार को वित्तीय अिलोकन

Financial Overview of Business

इक्विटी Equity

ऋण Debt

व्यापार Business

स्थिर सम्पस्ति व्यय

Fixed Asset Cost

सञ्चालन व्यय Operational Cost

आय Revenue

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वित्तीय सूचक र उपयोग

Financial Indicators and uses for Startups

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वित्तीय सूचक र उपयोग Financial Indicators and uses for Startups

• (कम ननर्ािररत लागत र क्थिर सम्पक्त्त )

Fixed costs and Fixed Asset

सुझाि: जाति कम तनर्ााररि लागि र स्थिर सम्पस्ति उति राम्रो

कहााँ हेने:

तनर्ााररि लागि => Income Statement

स्थिर सम्पस्ति => Balance Sheet

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• Operating Profit संचालन लाभ

Sales-Cost of Goods Sold- Administrative Expenses

बिक्री - वथिुहरु को मूल्य- प्रशासतनक व्यय सुझाि: यो शशघ्रतिशशघ्र सकारातमक हुनुपर्ा

कहााँ हेने: Income Statement

वित्तीय सूचक र उपयोग Financial Indicators and uses for Startups

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• शुद्ध कायि पूूंजी Net Working Capital

सुझाि: यो सर्ैं सकारातमक हुनुपर्ा ; अन्यिा िैंक आशकंकि हुनेर्

कहााँ हेने: Financial Cash Flow

वित्तीय सूचक र उपयोग Financial Indicators and uses for Startups

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• नगद लाभ/सञ्चालन बाट नगद प्रिाह

Cash Profit/Operating Cash Flow

सुझाि: यो शशघ्रतिशशघ्र सकारातमक हुनुपर्ा कहााँ हेने: Financial Cash Flow

• नगद बैलेंस Cash Balance

सुझाि: यो सर्ैं सकारातमक हुनुपर्ा कहााँ हेने: Accounting Cash Flow

वित्तीय सूचक र उपयोग Financial Indicators and uses for Startups

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• बल्ने दर Burn rate

आय भन्दा पैसा खचा हुने दर

सुझाि: घट्दै जानु पर्ा कहााँ हेने: Accounting Cash

Flow

वित्तीय सूचक र उपयोग Financial Indicators and uses for Startups

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• मास्जान Gross Profit Margin

(बिक्री - वथिुहरु को मूल्य)/ बिक्री (Sales-Cost of Goods Sold) / Sales

सुझाि: 1. व्यापार योजनाको संग शमल्नुपर्ा 2. यो पररविान हुनु हुुँदैन

कहााँ हेने: Income Statement

वित्तीय सूचक र उपयोग Financial Indicators and uses for Startups

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Page 10: Financial control, reporting and fund sourcing lessions for entrepreneurs

वित्तीय ननयन्त्रण र रेकर्ड िङ Financial Control &

Recording

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वित्तीय ननयन्त्रण र रेकर्ड िङ Financial Control & Recording

ववतिीय तनयन्रण ककन आवश्यक र् ?

– लागि कम गना – पारदशशािा कायम राख्न

– घाटा कम गना – कर अनुपालन (Tax Compliance) कायम राख्न

– िप लगानीको अवसर शसजाना गना

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वित्तीय ननयन्त्रण कसरी गने? How to do Financial control

ववतिीय तनयन्रणमा दईु पक्ष र्न ्

1. बिक्री प्रकक्रया तनयन्रण

2. व्यय तनयन्रण

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बबिी प्रक्रिया ननयन्त्रण Revenue Control

बिक्री प्रकक्रया तनयन्रण कसरी गने? 1. आफै दैतनक बिक्री रेकर्ा राख्ने (अनुसचूी 2)

2. उर्ारो तनयन्रण गने

3. रु्टको (Discount) तनयन्रण गने

4. आफै बिशलगं गने

5. नगद िैंकमा दैतनक जम्मा गने

6. बिलको प्रतिशलवप र िैंक तनक्षेप voucher फाइलमा राख्ने

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व्यय ननयन्त्रण Expense Control

व्यय तनयन्रण कसरी गने? 1. हरेक खरीदमा कम्िीमा िीनवटा कोटेशन हेने र राख्ने

2. तनयशमि खरीदमा कम्िीमा िीनवटा कोटेशन हेने र आपूति ाकिाा (Supplier) िय गने

3. सिै खरीदलाई आफै अनुमोदन (Approve) गने

4. 100% अग्रिम भकु्िानी नगने

5. समयम ैसि ैखरीद रेकर्ा गने (अनुसचूी 3-11)

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VAT/TDS

• NPR 5000 माग्रि सिै भकु्िानी AC Payee चेक माफा ि गररनु पर्ा

• तनमााण कायामा भ्याट बिल मार थवीकार गनुापर्ा। भ्याट बिल प्रदान गररएको रै्न भने बिल राशशिाट 15% TDS कटौिी गरर भकु्िानी ददनुपर्ा

• सथंिा द्वारा प्रदान सेवामा भ्याट बिल वा PAN बिलमा 1.5% TDS कटौिी गरर भकु्िानी ददनुपर्ा

• व्यस्क्िद्वारा प्रदान सेवामा 15% TDS कटौिी गरर भकु्िानी ददनुपर्ा .

• NPR 500 माग्रि भकु्िानी लाग्रग मार भ्याट र PAN बिल थवीकार गनुापर्ा 15

Page 16: Financial control, reporting and fund sourcing lessions for entrepreneurs

लगानी जुटाउने प्रक्रिया Funding your Business

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पुाँजी Capital

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थटाटिअप वित्त चरण Startup Financing

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पुाँजी को प्रकार Forms of Capital

ऋण

Loan

इक्विटी Equity

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इक्विटी िा ऋण Equity vs Loan

• पुुँजी संरचना योजना – Capital Structure Planning

• लघ ुअवग्रर् वा लामो समय को आवश्यकिा – Short term vs long term needs

• व्यापार चरण – Business Stage

• ग्रर्िो – Collateral

• थवाशमतव कमजोर हुने – Ownership Dilution

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ममश्रित उपकरण Mixed Instruments

• अिाग्रर्कार शयेर – Preference Shares

• पररविानीय शयेर – Convertible Shares

• अन्य - आपूतिाकिाा के्रडर्ट

– Others – Supplier Credit

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विचार गनुिपने कुरा Things to Consider

• इस्क्वटी (Equity)

– व्यापार मूल्याङ्कन (Business Valuation)

– िेग्रचने शयेरको प्रतिशि (Percent of Shares sold)

– िेग्रचने शयेरको मूल्य (Value of Shares sold)

• ऋण (Loan)

– ब्याज दर (Interest Rate)

– ऋण चुक्िा गनुापने समय (Loan Period)

– ऋणको ककथिािन्दी (Repayment Interval)

– िल्लॊतनङ्ग (Ballooning Payment Str)

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स्रोत Sources

• शमर र पररवार – Friends and Family

• िैंक

– Banks

• इस्क्वटी लगानीकिाा (व्यस्क्िगि वा संथिागि) – Equity Investor (Individual or Institutional)

• प्रभाव कोष / थटाटाअप कोष – Impact Fund / Foundations / Startup Fund

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लगानी आिश्यकता Investment Needs

• ककन लगानी आवश्यक र् ?

– Why investment required?

• कति लगानी आवश्यक र् ?

– How much Investment is required?

• लगानी कसरी प्रयोग गररनेर् ? – How will the Investment be used?

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लगानी जुटाउने बाटो

Path to Funding

प्रथिाव प्रारस्म्भक चासो ववथििृ सुपररवेक्षण

Proposal Initial Interest Due Diligence

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Page 26: Financial control, reporting and fund sourcing lessions for entrepreneurs

लगानीकतािलाई प्रभाि पाने Impressing Investor

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लगानीकतािलाई प्रभाि पाने Impressing Investor

• आतमववश्वास, थपष्टिा र प्रथिुतिकरण – Confidence, Clarity and Presentation

• व्यापार : अवर्ारणा, िजार आकार र केस्रा – Business : Concept, Market Size and Segment

• सदथयहरु

– Members

• संभाववि ववृि

– Growth Potential

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लगानीकतािलाई प्रभाि पाने Impressing Investor

• लाभप्रदिा : तनवेश मा ररटना – Profitability: Return on Investments (NPV, BreakEven, IRR)

• नेट विामान मलू्य (Net Present Value : NPV)

-12

3

8 12

16 19

Yr-1 Yr-2 Yr-3 Yr-4 Yr-5 Yr-6

Free Cash Flows (in NPR lakhs)

Sell for:

190

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रकम जुटाउने अनरुोर्

Funding Request

• आफ्नो व्यापार व्याख्या – Explain your business

• िपाईंको व्यापारले के समथया समार्ान गना खोस्जरहेको र्?

– What problem is your business trying to solve?

• िाहकहरु को हुन ्?

– Who are the customers?

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• लगानी आवश्यकिा (Investment Need)

– ककन लगानी आवश्यक?

• Why investment is required?

– आवश्यकिा राशश • Required Investment Amount

– लगानीको प्रयोग • Use of the Investment

– अरूिाट खोस्जएको अतिररक्ि लगानी(ऋण/इस्क्वटी) • Additional investments sought from

others (debt or equity)

रकम जुटाउने अनरुोर्

Funding Request

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• कम्पनी संक्षक्षप्ि – Company Briefing

• सरुु तिग्रि (Start Date)

• सदथयहरु (Members)

• पूंजी सरंचना (Capital Structure)

• ववतिीय प्रतिवेदन (Financial Report)

रकम जुटाउने अनरुोर्

Funding Request

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• कायाालय थिान

– Office Location

• अन्य सूचना : इजाजि पर ,वविरण सञ्जाल ,आदद

– Other Information : Licenses, Authorization, Distribution network, etc.

• उतपादनको दृश्यहरु (यदद सम्भव भएमा) – Visuals of product (if possible)

रकम जुटाउने अनरुोर्

Funding Request

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सम्झनुपने मुख्य बुाँदाहरू ! Key Points to Remember !

• व्यापार योजना र लगानी अनुरोर् िीच समानिा – Congruency between Business Plan and Funding Request

• थपष्ट ग्रचर : जोखखम र अवसर – Clear Picture : Risks and Opportunities

• व्यावहाररक िथयांकअनुसार

– Realistic Figures

– Return on Investments (NPV, IRR)

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@KritiCapital

www.facebook.com/KritiCapital

www.kriticapital.com.np

www.linkedin.com/company/kriti-capital-&-investments-ltd