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Old languages emerge and new languages are born when big things happen, and big things are happening now. In this keynote, we'll look at some of the biggest challenges facing programming evolution, and their likely impacts on programming. Functional Programming Languages have a prominent role, but also there are interesting things happening in the browser and a pendulum shift toward better type models. Speaker: Bruce Tate Keynote @ http://functionalconf.com/
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© 2014 Bruce Tate
Fearand the Evolution of Languages
Bruce A. Tate
(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
42 miles, day and night(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
Fear shapes places(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
(You can see it from space)(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
Fear vs. Discovery(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
Fear and language creation
(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
Fear and language creation
(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
Fear and language adoption
(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
Technology Adoption Curve(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
Technology Adoption Curve
Innovators
EarlyAdoptors
EarlyMajority
LateMajority
Laggards
(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
Language Adoption Curve
EarlyAdoptors
EarlyMajority
LateMajority
Laggards
Innovators
(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
JavaC++
Visual Basic PhPFortran
... ... ... ...
... ......
Language Adoption Curve
Cobol
(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
JavaCobol C++
Visual Basic PhPFortran
... ... ... ...
... ......
Language Adoption Curve
Syntax
Libraries
Types
(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
HLL Structured OOP Functiona
Paradigm Adoption Curve(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
HLL OOP Functiona
Paradigm Adoption Curve
Mental Model
Structured
(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
Language Adoption and Fear
The Chasm
(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
Language Adoption and Fear
The Chasm
:(
(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
Language Adoption and Fear
The Chasm:)
:):)
:) :):)
:)
:):)
:(
(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
Language Adoption and Fear
The Chasm
PeopleTools
JobsFrameworks
ConferencesTraining
:)
:):)
:) :):)
:)
:):)
(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
Language Adoption and Fear
The Chasm
BeerFun
Diversity
:(
(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
Language Adoption and Fear
End: Moore; Begin: Tate
(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
ParalyzingFear
Language Adoption and Fear(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
ParalyzingFear
Language Adoption and Fear(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
Will we have to retool?
What will it cost me?
Will it be abandoned?
Will it break?
Will I lack talent?Paralyzing
Fear
Is it too difficult to learn?(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
Language Adoption and Fear(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
Language Adoption and Fear(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
Language Adoption and Fear(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
ParalyzingFear
Cobol
Language Adoption and Fear(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
ParalyzingFear
C(++)
Language Adoption and Fear(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
ParalyzingFear
Java
Language Adoption and Fear(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
Language Adoption and Fear
Longer cycles
(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
Language Adoption and Fear
Bigger chasms
(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
MotivatingFear
Language Adoption and Fear(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
MotivatingFear
Language Adoption and Fear(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
Java
Language Adoption and Fear
C++
(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
ParalyzingFear
MotivatingFear
Language Adoption and Fear
-Too much to learn-Proprietary-Old hardware
(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
ParalyzingFear
MotivatingFear
-C++ Syntax-Internet-JVM
+ Deployment
Language Adoption and Fear(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
Deployment Problem
(10 diskettes)
(As late as the mid 1990s)
(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
Deployment Problem
(10 diskettes) X (9 registers per store)
(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
Deployment Problem
(10 diskettes) X (9 registers per store) X (5 stores)
(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
Deployment Problem
(10 diskettes) X (9 registers per store) X
(5 stores) X (3 services) X
(n fixpacks/year) ...
(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
Deployment Problem
Now add...
(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
IT
Multiple vendorsSanctioned application code
Fragile techniques(screen scraping)
Unprotected memoryMultiple tiers
(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
it
Multiple vendorsSanctioned application code
Unsanctioned apps and macrosFragile techniques(screen scraping)
Unprotected memoryMultiple tiers
(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Multiple vendorsSanctioned application code
Unsanctioned apps and macrosFragile techniques(screen scraping)
Unprotected memoryMultiple tiers
(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
Java crosses the chasm(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
Java crosses the chasm(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
Java crosses the chasm(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
Java
Java crosses the chasm(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
JavaErlang (Elixir)
ClojureHaskell
ElixirScala ...
Java crosses the chasm(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
Today
ParalyzingFear
MotivatingFear
(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
Today
ParalyzingFear
MotivatingFear
?(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
Java
(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
Java
What’s thebest wayto eat an
elephant?
(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
What’s thebest wayto eat an
elephant?
(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
1. Building communities is easier
(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
2. OO languages, FP features
(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
3. Deployment options abound
(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
4. Interfaces are cleaner
(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
Today
ParalyzingFear
MotivatingFear
?(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
1. Code complexity (always first)
(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
defmodule VidStore do use StateMachine state :available, [ rent: [ to: :rented, calls: [ &VidStore.renting/1 ]]] state :rented, [ return: [ to: :available, calls: [ &VidStore.returning/1 ]], lose: [ to: :lost, calls: [ &VidStore.losing/1 ]]] state :lost, [] ...end
(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
defmodule VidStore do use StateMachine state :available, [ rent: [ to: :rented, calls: [ &VidStore.renting/1 ]]] state :rented, [ return: [ to: :available, calls: [ &VidStore.returning/1 ]], lose: [ to: :lost, calls: [ &VidStore.losing/1 ]]] state :lost, [] ...end
VidStore.rent video
VidStore.return video
video |> rent |> lose
(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
2. Multicore and Distribution(the real Y2K)
(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
defmodule Chatroom do use OtpDsl.GenServer, initial_state: HashDict.new()
defcall enter(name), users do send_all(users, "#{name} has entered the room") reply(:ok, Dict.put(users, name, _from)) end
defcall leave(name), users do d = Dict.delete(users, name) send_all(users, "#{name} has left the room") reply(:ok, d) end
defcall message(name, message) do send_all(users, message) reply(:ok, d) end
defp send_all(users, message) do Enum.each(Dict.values(users), User.send_line(&1, message)) endend
code example: Copyright © 2014 - Peter Minten(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
replaces...
(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
defmodule Chatroom2 do use GenServer.Behaviour def enter(name) do :gen_server.call(:chatroom, { :enter, name }) end
def leave(name) do :gen_server.call(:chatroom, { :leave, name }) end
def message(name, message) do :gen_server.call(:chatroom, { :message, name, message }) end
def init(_args) do { :ok, HashDict.new() } end
def handle_call({ :enter, name }, from, users) do send_all(users, "#{name} has entered the room") { :reply, :ok, Dict.put(users, name, from) } end
def handle_call({ :leave, name }, _from, users) do d = Dict.delete(users, name) send_all(users, "#{name} has left the room") { :reply, :ok, d } end
def handle_call({ :message, name, message }, _from, users) do send_all(users, message) { :reply, :ok, users } end
defp send_all(users, message) do Enum.each(Dict.to_list(users), fn { user, pid } -> User.send_line(user, message) end) endend code example: Copyright © 2014 - Peter Minten
(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
replaces...
(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
Too big to show
(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
References
DSL from Dave Thomas:https://github.com/pragdave/otp_dsl
Example from Peter Minten
Thinking in Elixir: Hiding Your Messageshttp://pminten.github.io/blog/2013/09/14/thinking-in-elixir-hide-your-messages/
code example: Copyright © 2014 - Peter Minten
(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
3. ComplexityIs JavaScript the best we can do?
(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
import Mouseimport Window
drawPaddle w h x = filled black (rect 80 10) |> moveX (toFloat x -‐ toFloat w / 2)|> moveY (-‐(toFloat h * 0.45)) display (w, h) x = collage w h [ drawPaddle w h x ]
main = lift2 display Window.dimensions Mouse.x
(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
Java...
Erlang (Elixir)ClojureHaskell
ElixirScala
(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
...
Erlang (Elixir)ClojureHaskell
ElixirScala
(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
Erlang (Elixir)ClojureHaskell
ElixirScala ...
(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
?(Oct25), 2014
© 2014 Bruce Tate
References
DSL from Dave Thomas:https://github.com/pragdave/otp_dsl
Example from Peter Minten
Thinking in Elixir: Hiding Your Messageshttp://pminten.github.io/blog/2013/09/14/thinking-in-elixir-hide-your-messages/
code example: Copyright © 2014 - Peter Minten
(Oct25), 2014
