GS1 Standards for Smart Agriculture and Food Safety Systems

GS1 for Smart Agriculture and

Food Safety System (농산물 코드 표준화)

Daeyoung Kim

June 27, 2014 Director of Auto-ID Lab at KAIST

Professor, Computer Science Department, KAIST

[email protected] http://resl.kaist.ac.kr http://autoidlabs.org

http://autoidlab.kaist.ac.kr http://oliot.org

mailto:[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

http://resl.kaist.ac.kr

http://autoidlabs.org

http://autoidlab.kaist.ac.kr

http://oliot.org

Smart Agriculture and Food Safety

- Food Traceability System (Now)

3


- Food Traceability System (Now)

[1] Track & Tracing & Recall [2] Smart Agriculture (Sensors & Actuators)

[3] Global Access

[4] Processed

Foods [5] Smart Services &

BigData

(CASE II ) Smart Agriculture and Food Safety

- Food Traceability System (Future)

The Road to Internet of Things

Positioning Baseline Infrastructure

GS1 Philosophy and Internet of Things

Humans and things

GS1 a long time ago …

Home of Internet of Things

GS1 & Auto-ID Labs

In 1999, the Internet of Things" was first

coined by Kevin Ashton who cofounded

the Auto-ID Center at the MIT

Business Processes

and Applications

Software and Network

Hardware

GS1 Member Organizations

GS1 - Essentials

Regulation EU No 1169/2011

Food Information Regulation

Food Safety Modernization

Act (FSMA)

• Food Safety Modernization

Act(FSMA) was signed on January 4,

2011and aims to ensure the U.S.

food supply is safe by shifting the

focus from responding to

contamination to preventing it.

http://www.fda.gov/Food/GuidanceRegulation/FSMA/ucm247546.htm

Foodborne illness is a significant burden

About 48 million (1 in 6 Americans) get sick each year

128,000 are hospitalized

3,000 die



GS1 Standards &

Oliot Open Source Project

at Auto-ID Lab KAIST

GS1/EPCglobal Standards

• Integrating Data Carriers to Business Applications

• Enabled by code systems

• Global Product Classification (GPC)

• GS1 Keys

• Electronic Product Code (EPC)


- Global Product Classification (GPC)

• Global Product Classification (GPC)

– http://www.gs1.org/1/productssolutions/gdsn/gpc/browser/index.html

Category selection

Code for bananas classes with

different attribute


- GS1 Keys

• GTIN (Global Trade Item Number)

• The GTIN Family of Data Structures

UPC: Universal Product Code

EAN: European Article Number

UCC: Uniform Code Council

ITF: Interleaved Two of Five


- GS1 Keys

• GRAI (Global Returnable Asset Identifier)

– used to identify returnable assets, re-usable packages, or transport equipment, such as a tray, pallet, or beer keg.

– the asset being used for the purpose of tracking its location and return.

– as part of a lease or rental system.

• GIAI (Global Individual Asset Identifier)

– e.g., office equipment, transport equipment, IT equipment, vehicles, etc.

• GSRN (Global Service Relation Number)

– e.g., club membership, loyalty programmes, a patient in a hospital, or employees

ECG measurement device (GRAI)

Surgical equipment (GIAI)

Membership ID (GSRN)

Patient ID in hospital

(GSRN) Surgical tools (GIAI)


- GS1 Keys

• EPC

– universal identifier that provides a unique identity for any physical

object


- Electronic Product Code (EPC)

• SGTIN (Serialized Global Trade Item Number)


- Electronic Product Code (EPC)

• EPC Binary encoding

• EPC Tag URI

• EPC Pure Identity URI

• GS1 Element String


- EPC Encodings

Examples of GTIN and Serial Number (SGTIN) in Different

Syntaxes


- Application Identifers

If catalog data indicate low risk product, government can release without inspection; if high-risk, can better plan for inspection efforts

GS1US/FSMA (USA)

Global Catalog (GDSN)

Product Supplier

Customs Data

Product supplier authoritatively publishes product information

Government downloads published product information from catalog

Government matches GTIN with catalog info and makes admission decision, ideally in advance, using rich global data from catalog

1

2 3

4

Importer places the GTIN for the product in the entry record and sends to Customs

5

10005143 =Dolls/Soft Toys (Powered); Consumer Lifestage = >3 YEARS & UP; Power Source = BATTERY; Target Gender = FEMALE; Type of Doll/Soft

Toy = BABY DOLL

Government Agency Inspection

Importer GPC = 1000

5143

GPC DESCRIPT

ORS

GTIN= 123456

119121

ENTRY #

Line N

GTIN= 123456

119121

GS1 for Food Safety (Germany)

GS1 for Food Safety (New Zealand)

GS1 for Food Safety (Austrailia) Standard Bar Code for Non-Retail Meat Product

GS1 for Food Safety (Taiwan)

• EPC global Architectural framework

GS1/EPCglobal Standards GS1/EPCglobal Architectural Framework

Identification

& sensing

Data filtering

& grouping

Data store and

share

Item Discovery &

Information search

Frédéric Thiesse, Christian Floerkemeier, Mark Harrison, Florian Michahelles, Christof Roduner, "Technology, Standards, and Real-World Deployments of the EPC Network," IEEE Internet Computing, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 36-43, March-April 2009

Bar Code

Scanner

Output

GS

1 E

lem

en

t S

trin

g

01

80

61

41

41

12

345

821

678

9

GS1/EPCglobal Standards GS1/EPCglobal Architectural Framework

with Supply Chain Example

Applications

Manufacturer Distributor Retailer

Product info. • Technical spec.

• Warranty spec.

• Instruction manual

• etc.

Product history

• Genuine or Imitation

• Freshness

• Where this is from?

• Etc.

Manufacturer

EPCIS server

Pro

duct q

uery

Korea

Japan China

Taiwan

Australia

USA

Brazil

Switzerland

England

Object Name Service

(ONS) Server

ONS query

EPCIS

repository

F&C

middleware

Capturing Applications

DS query

Application

Real-time feedback

Smart

RFID

reader

Discovery Service (DS)

Object Name Service for Internet of Things

Manual Service Object Name Service

(ONS)

manual

html

epcis

…

ONS 2.0 Architecture

ONS Application

GS1 ID AUS

ONS Client

FQDN NAPTR

RecursiveName Server

EPCIS Server

ONS Peer Roots

(1)(2)

(3)(4)

(5) (6)

(7)

(8)

Federated ONS Architecture

ONS Query response

• ONS Query for ONS Query Responses for the domain name

• ONS Query Response contains a set of Naming Authority PoinTeR (NAPTR) Records

ONS Query

0.0.6.2.2.3.1.4.1.4.1.6.0.gtin.gs1.id.onsepc.com

Globally Federated ONS Peer Roots

Pilot Testbed Plan for Federated ONS

Korea

Japan China

Taiwan

Australia

USA

Brazil

Switzerland

England

Sunchon

Univ.

GS1 Korea

Samsung

KAIST

Local ONS Name Servers

onsepc.kr

EPCIS (EPC Information Service)

Internet of Things Global Data Repository

33

RFID Reader

& Antenna

Barcode

Reader

ALE – Event Capturing

Everyday

Object

EPCIS – Visibility Event Data

TDS – Unification of GS1 Codes

Attaching

EPC Tag

Attaching

Bar Code

Capturing Interface

Query Interface

Business Apps.

GS1 EPCIS 1.1 (RFID not necessary)

(Sample)

GS1 Source

GS1 Source is a framework for

Sharing product information in the

Digital world.

• Comparison between two Search Engines

GS1 Digital in standardization now

What can you find on Internet now?

Schick quattro titanium razor

Schick quattro titanium razor

Missing

retailers Missing reviews

Different

image

Different

name

Different

highlight

Different

pricing

Source: Enabling the “digital” revolution in retail (McKinsey, 2013)

Improved search by GS1 Digital

Source: Enabling the “digital” revolution in retail (McKinsey, 2013)

SE sees GTIN in HTML

Search engine (SE) finds

initial search term on 1st

retailer's webpage

SE switches from text-

based to GTIN-based

search, and finds 2nd

retailer’s webpage

SE returns all results,

regardless of initial search

term

1 2 3 4

Retailer Retailer 1

Product Dixie combo pack 168

Price $12.59

<html>

<meta name=“GTIN”

content=“0012345678901”>

…

</html> Retailer Retailer 2

Product Dixie combo box 168

Price $10.21

<html>

<meta name=“GTIN”

content=“0012345678901”>

…

</html> Retailer 1

Dixie combo pack 168

$12.59

Retailer 2

Dixie combo set 168

$10.21

ILLUSTRATIVE PROCESS Dixie combo pack 168

Retailer

Product

Price

Retailer

Product

Price

Oliot for GS1 based Open Source IoT Platform (Open Language for Internet of Things)

• GS1 EPCglobal Network on the Cloud

for Groceries Trace Framework since 2013

– Complete Implementation of GS1

EPCglobal Network

– EPCIS Enhanced with NOSQL DB

– Cloud Support

– ELFIN: Enhanced LLRP- enabling

Framework for the INternet of Things

– Geo-discovery Service

– ONS 2.0.1 implemented

• Smart Thing Information Service

(STIS) since 2005, 2011

– Expand GS1 EPCglobal Network to

integrate various sensor network protocols

– Successor of EPC Sensor Network

– ZigBee, 6LoWPAN/CoAP integration

– Obix integration, etc.

Open Language for the Internet of Things

• Open Language for IoT (Oliot) is an ID-based IoT framework.

– Based on GS1 standard ID (e.g., URI-convertible GTIN)

• Goal

– Is to build a ID-based framework to identify, capture, control and share

information about smart things

Passive Tags

(e.g., passive

tags, barcode)

Sensor & Actuator Networks(e.g., ZigBee, 6LoWPAN, Mobile phone, BLE,

AllJoyn, lwM2M etc.)

Active Tags (e.g.,

Wireless ID and Sensor

Networks)

RFID Middleware

LLRP LLRP Sensor & actuator protocols Sensor & actuator protocols

Domain-specific capturing application

Domain-specific accessing applications

Sensor Interface

Sensor interface

EPC Information Service

(static and dynamic information)

ALE

Actuation Interface

Sensor & Actuator Middleware

Object

Name

Service

Discovery

Service

ZigBee6LoWPAN/

CoAPMQTT

Web

service-*REST

Other

Comm.

RFID stream processing

Logical RFID

reader

Reader

Management

Sensor stream

processing

Sensor & actuator

Management

ID-Sensor stream

processing

Passive Tags

(e.g., passive

tags, barcode)

Sensor & Actuator Networks(e.g., ZigBee, 6LoWPAN, Mobile phone, BLE,

AllJoyn, lwM2M etc.)

Active Tags (e.g.,

Wireless ID and Sensor

Networks)

RFID Middleware

LLRP LLRP Sensor & actuator protocols Sensor & actuator protocols

Domain-specific capturing application

Domain-specific accessing applications

Sensor Interface

Sensor interface

EPC Information Service

(static and dynamic information)

ALE

Actuation Interface

Sensor & Actuator Middleware

Object

Name

Service

Discovery

Service

ZigBee6LoWPAN/

CoAPMQTT

Web

service-*REST

Other

Comm.

RFID stream processing

Logical RFID

reader

Reader

Management

Sensor stream

processing

Sensor & actuator

Management

ID-Sensor stream

processing

• July 7 2014 – oliot 1.0 (latest implementation of EPCglobal framework, run on any cloud and supporting mysql and cassandra)

• 4Q 2014 – oliot 1.1 (provide EPCIS 1.1, strengthened to support food industry)

• 2015 – oliot 2.0 (support internet of things, merging auto-id lab, KAIST’s Epc sensor network, STIS and more)

Oliot Release Plan


Systems Pilot Project