Upload
embarq
View
1.933
Download
1
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
By Holger Dalkmann. Presented on Day Two of Transforming Transportation. Washington, D.C. January 15, 2010.
Citation preview
Insert the title of your presentation here
Presented by Name HereJob Title - Date
After the (snow) storm in Copenhagen:
A new policy agenda on mitigating climate change in the transport sectorHolger DalkmannProgramme Director, TRL
15 Jan 2010 – Transforming Transportation
Picture copyright Ko Sakamoto
Supported by
The Road to Copenhagen
The Kyoto Protocol- Adopted in 1997, entered force in 2005
- 1st commitment period (2008-12)
- Targets for “Annex 1” countries
- Flexible instruments key elements:
ETS, JI and CDM
A two track approach since Bali (2007) to work towards a new agreement in Copenhagen:- AWG-KP (The Kyoto Track)
- AWG-LCA (The Convention Track)Picture copyright Ko Sakamoto
Picture copyright Ko Sakamoto
Copenhagen: The window of opportunity will not get bigger
Picture copyright Ramon Cruz
Picture copyright Ko Sakamoto
Saturday 19th 2009 Plenary 4 am
The Copenhagen Results
No legally binding agreement
No mention of targets (for anyone)
“Taking note of” the Copenhagen Accord
Extension of AWG LCA and AWG KP
Large uncertainty on the future of climate talks post COP15
Picture copyright Ko Sakamoto
Negotiations now essentially under three tracks
Option 1: Accord serves as input for AWGs
Option 2: Accord becomes a nucleus of a new international policy initiative
3. C
open
hage
n Acc
ord
1. A
WG-K
P
2. A
WG-L
CA
Picture copyright Ko Sakamoto
“Taking note of the Copenhagen Accord”
Mention of 2 degree target
Kick–start finance of $30 billion between 2010-2012, growing to $100 billion per annum by 2020
Carbon markets mentioned, but no reference to sectoral mechanisms
Internationally supported National Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs) to be Measurable Reportable Verifiable (MRV)
Mention of a Technology Mechanism
Adaptation in LDCs, SIDS and Africa given “urgent” attention
Opportunity 1 for transport: Role of climate finance after Copenhagen – Transport Window
Approaching$100 Billion p.a.
by 2020
$ TrillionsNow!
$30 Billion (new and additional)
for 2010-2012
Opportunity 2 for transport: Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs)
No guidance in the Accord!!!
A new definition?
“A NAMA is what developing countries will provide in
Appendix 2 of the Copenhagen Accord.”
NAMAs Unilateral Actions
Supported Actions
(Non-traded)
Supported Actions
(Traded)
Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs) and their supporting pillars
MRV Requirement
Technology / knowledge
transfer
Capacity Building Financing
Type of NAMA
Applicability Opportunities Barriers
Unilateral
TDM relies on domestic policy intervention (e.g. setting up and enforcing regulations, planning
entire networks etc)
limited institutional, financial and technical resources to implement TDM measures
Non-tradable (Supported)
TDM can be supported by the international community, in terms of capacity building,
technology transfer and financing
Difficulty of MRV-ing support and its actions
Tradable Crediting under a sectoral target (with boundaries set at city level)
may work
Level of intervention (i.e. a city or district-wide level) not
inductive to project-based crediting (CDM)
Applying transport to NAMAs: Opportunities and Barriers (Jakarta Case Study for ADB - SLoCaT)
Transport NAMAs – potential applications
NAMA categories(based on LCA negotiating text)
Potential transport applications
(a) Sustainable development policies and measures
Local, regional & national sustainable development strategies incorporating transport elements
(b) Low-emission development strategies and plans
Regional and national transport plans/strategies with low-carbon objectives
(c) Programmatic CDM, technology deployment programmes or standards, energy efficiency programmes and energy pricing measures
CDM based on transport PoAs Fuel economy/vehicle standards Taxation and fiscal policy on fuels and
vehicles
(d) Cap-and-trade schemes and carbon taxes
Cap-and-trade of transport fuels (upstream trading)
Fuel taxes
(e) Sectoral targets, national sector-based mitigation actions and standards, and no-lose sectoral crediting baselines
Sectoral targets, either absolute or intensity based.
Sub-sectoral targets for car, rail, maritime and aviation transport.
Source: Dalkmann et al (2009)
Opportunity 3 for transport
Important date: January 31- Developed countries to submit targets for 2020
- Developing countries to submit NAMAs
Urgent: Get transport on NAMA registry
Champions needed!
Transport
TransportTransport
Transport
Opportunity 4 for Transport: Technology
Copenhagen Accord mentions a Technology Mechanism
AWG-LCA text further refers to:- Technology Executive Committee (to replace the Expert Group on Technology Transfer at COP16) and
- Climate Technology Centre (CTC)
- Need for appropriate, affordable and applicable technology transfer
CTC with a transport division and regional center
New TNA: “Transport Needs Assessment”
Technologies appropriate for developing countries
Measure Frequency of mention in TNA Country Reports
Included in UNDPTNA Handbook
Public Transport Improvements
28
Non-Motorized Transport
6
Land Use Planning 3
Emission / Fuel Standards, Technical Checks
16 ()
Cleaner Technologies 31
Biofuels 6
Economic and Fiscal Instruments
3
Public Awareness 4
Traffic and Demand Management
9 ()
Source: Bongardt (GTZ) (2009)
Opportunity 5 for transport: A Future for Transport CDM (CMP5)?
Executive Board (EB)asked to improve the efficiency of the CDM
Development of standardized baselines
EB called to prioritise development of methodologies for ‘under-represented project activity types’
Parties, IGOs and observer organisations invited to make recommendations on standardised baselines
>> Input open until 22 March 2010
Next steps for transport
In particular:- Opp1: Transport window for kick-start funding
- Opp2: Pilot transport NAMAs to be supported and getting Transport NAMAs into Appendix 2
- Opp3: Technology Mechanism for Sustainable T.
- Opp4: New chance for (PoA) CDM?
- Opp5: Adaptation Fund and Integration into NAP/CAFI
For further information
Please see our new“Bridging the Gap” paper on the outcome of Copenhagen and implicationsfor transport
www.transport2012.org
Thank you for your attention
Holger Dalkmann
Programme DirectorSustainable Transport and Climate ChangeEmail: [email protected]
Thank you to our financial and technical supporters / partners: