Computer Ports

Introduction Some DetailsIntroduction Some Details

Classification Comparison

Various Ports Conclusion

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Introduction

• Interface

– between the computer and other computers or

peripheral devices

• Plug/Cable• Plug/Cable

• Entrance/Door

– “poort”; Air port; Mundra Port

• Port vs Bus

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Classification

• Serial/Parallel ports

• Hot-swappable ports– Can be connected while equipment is running

• Plug-and-play– Automatically start handshaking– Automatically start handshaking

• Auto-detect– some sound cards allow plugging in several different

types of audio speakers

• Technologies– Optical (light) fiber, microwave, and others

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Computer Ports

• Serial Port

• Parallel Port

• PS/2 Port

• USB

• Ethernet or 'Network' Port

• Game port

• DVI Port

• SCSIUSB

• VGA Port

• Power Connector

• Modem

• Optical Audio

• SATA

• SCSI

• HDMI

• PCI

• Thunderbolt

• And so on . . . .

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Color Codes

• Orange, purple, or grey: Keyboard PS/2

• Green: Mouse PS/2

• Blue or magenta: Parallel printer DB-25

• Amber: Serial DB-25 or DB-9• Amber: Serial DB-25 or DB-9

• Pastel pink: Microphone 1/8" stereo (TRS)

mini jack

• Pastel green: Speaker 1/8" stereo (TRS) mini

jack

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Computer Ports

• Serial Port

• Parallel Port

• PS/2 Port

• USB

• Ethernet or 'Network' Port

• Game port

• DVI Port

• SCSIUSB

• VGA Port

• Power Connector

• Modem

• Optical Audio

• SATA

• SCSI

• HDMI

• PCI

• Thunderbolt

• And so on . . . .

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Ethernet

• LAN

• Introduced 1980

• 802.3 in 1985

• Co-axial, Twisted Pair or Fiber Optics• Co-axial, Twisted Pair or Fiber Optics

• Too much

– It’s a network

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Ethernet

• Heartbeats

• 0 and 1 in starting

– +0.7 and -0.7

– No collision � Transfer further– No collision � Transfer further

• RJ-45 connector

– 8 pins

– 4 pairs of lines

– Registered jack RJ11, RJ14 or RJ25

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Ethernet

• Little monitor lights on these devices flicker

when in use.

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VGA Port

• Monitor to a computer's video card

• Looks like serial port but is different in many

ways (15 holes vs 9/25 holes)

• VGA – Video Graphics Array (Hardware)• VGA – Video Graphics Array (Hardware)

• Resolution 640*480

– Earlier Desktop

– Now mobiles

• VGA connector

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VGA Port

• Analog in nature

– DTV course

• Today, the VGA analog

interface is used for interface is used for

widescreen resolutions

including 1920×1080.

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HDMI

• High-Definition Multimedia Interface

• Uncompressed digital audio/video/data

• HDMI Founders : seven companies– Hitachi, Panasonic, Philips, Silicon Image, Sony,

Thomson (RCA) and ToshibaThomson (RCA) and Toshiba

• Designed in December 2002

• To improve on DVI-HDTV by using a smaller connector and adding support for audio, and enhanced support for YCbCr and consumer electronics control functions.

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HDMI

• Parallel

– 3 colors on 3 pins ; clock on 4th

• Hot swappable

• Plug n play• Plug n play

• Auto detect

• 10.2 Gbit/s (340 MHz * 3 = 1020)

– USB doesn’t have clock

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HDMI

• Protocol TMDS (DVI and HDMI)

– Transition Minimized Differential Signaling

– Video Data Period

– Data Island Period– Data Island Period

– Control Period

• Compatibility : SCART, VGA, RCA, etc.

– Using scalar (digital-to-analog converter)

– relatively complex and expensive

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HDMI

• Applications

– Blue ray disc; HD-DVD

– Digital camera; cam recorders

– PCs– PCs

– Tablets

– Mobiles

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USB

• All devices printers, mice and all

• USB hub - 127 devices to a USB port.

– Speed share

• Draw power• Draw power

• USB 2.0 -480 Mbps.

• USB 3.0-5 Gbps (bi-directional)

• 4 pins

• No clock

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SATA

• Serial At- Attachment

– Attachment to IBM PC

• Use : Host bus adapters to mass storage devices such as hard disk drives and optical drives.

• Before SATA

– PATA

• SATA - 7 conductors

• PATA-40 conductors

• SATA 3.0 � Around 600 Mbps practically

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SATA

• Every hard drive, SSD, and internal optical

drive is connected to SATA these days.

• Created in 2003

• The SATA-IO group collaboratively creates, • The SATA-IO group collaboratively creates,

reviews and ratifies

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SATA

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PCI express

• Peripheral Component Interconnect Express

• replace the older PCI, PCI-X, and AGP bus

standards

• Serial Communication• Serial Communication

• External interface with PCI Express External

Cabling, such as Thunderbolt

• Designer : Intel, Dell, HP, IBM

• Maintainer : PCI-SIG (PCI Special Interest Group)

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PCI express

• Purpose:

– Devices connected to the bus appear to the

processor to be connected directly to the

processor bus, and are assigned addresses in the processor bus, and are assigned addresses in the

processor's address space.

– Independent of particular processor

– Connect GPU or any expansion card to processor

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PCI express

• Data rate

– Per lane (each direction):

• v1.x: 250 MB/s

• v2.x: 500 MB/s

• v3.0: 1 GB/s• v3.0: 1 GB/s

• v4.0: 2 GB/s [November,2011]

– 16 lane slot (each direction): [x1,x4,x8,x16,x32]

• v1.x: 4 GB/s

• v2.x: 8 GB/s

• v3.0: 16 GB/s

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PCI express

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PCI express

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Thunder bolt

• Designed: February 2011

• Designer Intel brought to market by technical collaboration with Apple Inc.

• Originally intended to run on optical physical level (Brand : ‘light peak’)(Brand : ‘light peak’)– But ‘copper came very good”

– 10 W power

• Use:– high-performance storage in a simple daisy chain.

– Laptop to HD monitor

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Thunder bolt

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Comparison & Conclusion

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Comparison & Conclusion

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Thank you !!

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