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These slides were presented at 15th International Conference on Enterprise Information Systems (ICEIS - 2013)
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FlexInterface: a Framework to Provide Flexible Mobile Phone User Interfaces
Addressing the elderly diversity
Sibelius SeraphiniVinícius P. GonçalvesVânia P. A. NerisJó Ueyama
Outline
Introduction; Key aims; Implementation of Flexible Interfaces
for Elderly; Evaluation of FlexInterface with
Elderly Users; Conclusions and Future Work.
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Context
Increased use of Mobile Devices; (Nilsen, 2011) Aging population worldwide;
893 million elderly people in the world; (UN, 2010)
Even in the elderly population, there are differences regarding education, experience with technology, cognitive and physical abilities.
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Problematic
Mobile phones interface are developed for young people;
(Wood et al., 2005; Czaja e Lee, 2007; Goebel, 2007)
Need to investigate solutions for elderly public: Taking into account the diversity of interaction skills among the
elderly.
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Key Aims
Provide interfaces that meet the highest number of elderly users;
Make an existing solution to adapt to several user profiles.
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Our Approach
Develop flexible interfaces;
Flexibility Changes on interface elements (color, size, positions, etc); Changes in the order of the interaction actions;
We proposed a framework that supports the development of flexible tailored interface design.
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Implementation of Flexible Interfaces for Elderly
Our Architecture
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Android
The world’s most widely used smartphone platform (Canalys, 2011);
Open Source; Design for touchscreen mobile devices –
smartphones and tablet computers; Independence of Handset Makers.
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OpenCom
Developed by Lancaster University; CBSD: Component Based Software Development; Reset components at Runtime; Adapts to the dynamics features of
the execution environment;
Domain Independence; Device Independence; Low Overhead.
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FlexInterface
Supports the development of the design of flexible interfaces
Based on the adaptive middleware OpenCom;
Enables the application fits user needs during their interaction with the device;
Interfaces elements are components; Loaded, instanstied and
destroyed on demand.
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The FlexInterface Approach
FlexInterface Generic Component; Two receptacles (required interfaces) FlowScreen
Determine a sequence of screens used in a task for a user profile; Example: Record Name -> Record Phone -> Save Contact;
ProfileChecker Select the most suitable user profile based on user’s interaction data; Reset the FlexInterface components.
FlexComp
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Evaluation of FlexInterface with Elderly Users
Evaluation with Elderly Users
Purpose of Evaluation: Observe and analyse the
interaction of elderly people with flexible interfaces for mobile phones and see if there was improvement over the non-flexible interface;
Elderly from CRAS (Community Center) - São Carlos/SP;
Task: User should save a contact in
mobile phone address book and call it following.
Pair Users AgeEducation
LevelCell phone
Usage
D1 1, 2 81, 84Less than 4
yearsNever
D2 3, 4 66, 60Less than 4
yearsRarely
D3 5, 6 61, 60More than 12
yearsDaily
D4 7, 8 65, 69Less than 4
yearsRarely
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FlexInterface for Elderly Users
Two different profiles of elderly people Low Education profile – Elderly with less than 4 years of education; High Education profile – Elderly with more than 4 years of education;
ElderlyFlex Extension of FlexComp One new receptacle (IKeyboard)
IKeyboard Enables us to reset the keyboard at runtime
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FlexInterface for Elderly Users
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FlexInterface for Elderly Users
ElderlyProfileChecker Collect data from the user’s interaction Sets the most suitable elderly user profile
One Keyboard and FlowScreen Component for user profile; Default, LowEducation and HighEducation
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FlexInterface for Elderly Users
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Native Contact Application Android
Contact Application Interface
Flexible Contact Application Android
FlexInterface for Elderly Users
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Default Keyboard Adapted Keyboard
Keyboard Interface
Evaluation with Elderly Users
Pair 1: “I can see well that button. I loved the green color!”; Pair 2 e Pair 4:
“I’d rather hear the voice than having to type.”; “I loved talking to the phone. He talked to me!”; “Is this phone for sale?”;
Pair 3 (Doctorate): “Having the color gray does not affect the task.”.
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Results of Evaluation
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Results of Evaluation
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Conclusions and Future Work
FlexInterface framework can be used to adapt existing solutions to meet a broader number of users (For instance, Native Contact Android in our Evaluation);
FlexInterface framework improve the usability of a system (by a low overhead), since make tasks easy to complete (less time required per task); and improve the user satisfaction.
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Conclusions and Future Work
Feasibility testing of the FlexInterface on: Others devices (tablets and / or notebooks); Others domains (webpages and /or desktop applications); Others types of Users (children).
Improve the FlexInterface Model: Add specifics components to collect data from the user; Add components to adapt the interface based on the emotion
of the user;
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